Bell founder from Overath
The Cologne bell founders Heinrich van Overath and Johann van Overath (also Overaid, Overoid or Overrade ) formed an important family of bell founders in the Rhineland. They or their ancestors apparently came from Overath an der Agger, a small parish east of Cologne .
history
The bell founders van Overodde lived in Cologne from the middle of the 15th to the end of the 16th century. They had probably learned their craft from the Benedictine monks of the abbey on the Siegburg Michaelsberg, who owned a St. Cyriax provost in Overath . In the Middle Ages, bell-makers went on wanderings from Ash Wednesday to All Saints' Day , where they cast bells for monasteries and churches at a suitable location. In the winter months, they made bells for church buildings near where they lived.
Presumably after their training, the first of the sex moved to Cologne, where they called themselves "Overrade van Cöllen" or "van Cöllen", but also continued to call themselves "van Overrade". Johann Overrade van Cölln was most likely identical to Johann von Overath. Fifteen bells are known of him, which he made between 1512 and 1547. Heinrich II von Overraide = Heinrich I van Cöllen (1507–1547) is probably the son of Heinrich I von Overraide (1447–1497). Dederich van Cöllen was also a bell founder and from 1570 the municipal gunsmith of Cologne.
Since the bell founders could neither read nor write, the inscriptions on the casting molds were made by monks or pastors. This resulted in many different spellings of their names and the place name Overath.
Works
The bells they created bear German inscriptions in late Gothic lower case letters as well as tracery and foliage decorations. The years were first set in Roman and later in Arabic numerals. In addition, the assistants were named in the label.
Bells by Heinrich van Overath
The following bells indicate Heinrich van Overath with their inscription. According to recent research, they were cast by father (1474–1497) and son (1507–1547) of the same name. The years refer to the creative period.
| year | church | inscription | comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1474 | St. Laurentius, Hohkeppel | sent andreis is called me - in de erh gotz I invited - johan va alfter ind heinrich van overrade cast me - ano mcccclxxiiii + | |
| 1474 | Bergisch Gladbach | Sts peter my name is - in de ere gotz i invited - johan va alfter ind heinrich van overrode cast me - ano dm mcccclxxiiii | not available anymore |
| 1474 | St. Maria in the Capitol , Cologne | St. Vitalis bell. Was destroyed when the main tower collapsed in 1637. | |
| 1474 | Echo | Gertrudis bell, burned in 1902 | |
| 1484 | St. Mary's Birth , Efferen | Maria is called me - in de ere gotz ind sent walborch I invited - johan van alfter ind heinr van werroid goesen mich - anno (illegible) | |
| 1485 | Protestant main church Rheydt | My name is urban - in goodes eer I invite - doenren en de blitzen I drift - hennrich overaett goit me - anno domini mcccclxxxv | not available anymore |
| 1490 | Schlebusch | My name is Maria - in honor of god I invited - master hermann (von Neuss) and Heinrich (von Overath) cast me - ad mcccclxxxx | |
| 1491 | Schlebusch | I am called Anna - I know the grace of God - to the glory of God I invited - herman van nüis and heinrich van auerraide cast me - van secretly joannes van schlebusch - I say that - ad mcccclxxxxi | |
| 1493 | St. Martinus, Much | I am called Jhesus maria - in de eirre gotz I invited - heinrich van overade gois me - anno domini mcccclxxxxiii | |
| 1494 | Evangelical Church, Ründeroth | Maria is called me - in the ere godes I invited - Heinrich van overade gois me - anno domini mccclxxxxiiii | |
| 1494 | Nemmenich | ||
| 1496 | Kronenberg, Mettmann district | not available anymore | |
| 1519 | Catholic Church, Seelscheid | Georgius I call - in marien ere I luiden - de doden I shout - Heinrich overroid guis me - anno domini mvcxix | |
| 1520 | Evangelical Church, Odenspiel | I call for Maria - in de ere sent joannes I luiden - de doden I shout - hinrich overroid guis me - anno 1520. The bell rang in 1906 | Bell jumped in 1906 |
| 1528 | Kronenburg | not available anymore | |
| 1535 | Eicks | not available anymore | |
| 1538 | Evangelical Church, Ründeroth | Urbanus I call - tzo gotz deinst I invited - de doden beclagen I - tzo dem evil neither broke me - hennrich overroid guis me - anno 1538 |
Bells by Johann van Overath
Six bells are known from Johann van Overath.
| year | church | inscription | comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1496 | St. Martin , Koblenz-Kesselheim | My name is MARIA, IN GODES ERE I LUDEN, ALL BOSE NEITHER VRDRIEVEN ME, JOHAN VAN OVEROED GOIS ME, ANNO MCCCCXCVI | |
| 1504 | Hope valley | My name is Maria - al bad neither do I pervert - jan van overad poured me - mccccciiii | not available anymore |
| 1506 | St. Servatius , Siegburg | They were two bells that were cast in the market square. In the Thirty Years' War they were seized by Sweden. The bells melted during the town fire in 1647. | |
| 1519 | Kirchdaun | My name is Lambertus - godes ere lude I - veure neither do I drive away - peter van ectnach johan van overaet cast me - 1519 | |
| 1519 | St. Wendelinus , Kirmutscheid | cast with Peter van Echternach, description here: johan van overait. |
Works by the bell founder Overrade van Cöllen
15 bells from Johann Overrade von Cöllen are known from the period between 1512 and 1547. A bell from 1547 has been preserved in the Much parish church. This bears the inscription "My name is Jhesus maria martinus - I should be invited against vidder and winds - help us maria and her leif keint ö ludes I am undaunted - johan van cöllen poured me - mvcxxxxvii."
- In 1520, Hans von Cöllen made a baptismal font for the parish church in Ochsenfurt .
- Between 1536 and 1598, 28 bells by Heinrich Overrad van Cöllen are known.
- Derich van Cöllen poured four bells together with Heinrich van Cöllen. He also made 21 bells himself. The bell in Beßelich Castle near Koblenz is called "Dederich offeraid van cöllen".
Honors
A golden bell in the blue field of the Overath city coat of arms reminds of the bell founders. In addition, Glockengießerstraße is located in the city center.
literature
- Franz Becher: 900 years of Overath. Verlag Bücken & Sulzer, 2005, ISBN 3-936405-28-X , pp. 237-240
- Jörg Poettgen: The masters of the bell foundry workshop 'van Overroide'. New knowledge on an old topic . In: ACHERA 10, contributions to the history of the city of Overath, pp. 99–111. Editor: Bergischer Geschichtsverein Overath eV 2009.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Karl Walter : Bell customer. Pustet, Regensburg 1913, p. 834.