Glossaire des patois de la Suisse romande
The Glossaire des patois de la Suisse romande , abbreviated Glossaire or GPSR for short , is both the name of a multi-volume dictionary that has been published since 1924 , which records the vocabulary of the autochthonous varieties spoken in French-speaking western Switzerland , and of the institute that publishes this dictionary.
Type and characteristics
Alongside the Swiss Idiotikon (Zurich), the Vocabolario dei dialetti della Svizzera italiana (Bellinzona) and the Dicziunari Rumantsch Grischun (Chur), the GPSR is one of the four national dictionaries of Switzerland and thus one of the many-volume, scientifically based lexicographical reference works this country.
The glossary documents primarily the vocabulary of the western Swiss patois , most of which belong to Franco-Provençal and to a lesser extent to Langues d'oïl . In addition, it also includes the regional French vocabulary (so-called Romandisms ), office-language words and meanings from medieval times as well as place names and family names. It also aims to retain the older folk and material culture. The GPSR is, like the other three national dictionaries in Switzerland, a diachronic and pluridialectal dictionary with an encyclopedic claim.
history
The GPSR was founded in 1899 by Louis Gauchat , Jules Jeanjaquet and Ernest Tappolet at the suggestion of their teacher Heinrich Morf .
From 1899 to 1903, the first phonetic recordings were made in almost 400 locations based on 350 words, followed by further recordings from 62 locations based on 480 words between 1904 and 1907. A lexicographical inquiry took place between 1900 and 1910 among over 150 patois speakers by correspondence. At the same time, the place and field names were recorded under the direction of Ernest Muret from 1903. This directly collected dialect data is joined by printed dialect texts, unprinted manuscripts, linguistic treatises on local dialects and regional French as well as editions of historical documents. This complete material forms the basis of the work on the glossary.
The dictionary was first published in 1924.
Institutional involvement
The GPSR, originally set up in Bern , has been based in Neuchâtel since 1972 . It was integrated into the University of Neuchâtel in 2008 and has since formed a “laboratoire” of the Neuchâtel Center de dialectologie et d'étude du français régional (CD) .
The GPSR is financed by the fully or partially French-speaking cantons of Geneva , Vaud , Neuchâtel , Jura , Friborg , Valais and Bern, as well as by the Swiss Academy of Humanities and Social Sciences .
Publications
- Glossaire des patois de la Suisse romande. Neuchâtel & Paris and later Neuchâtel & Genève 1924 ff. - Volumes I – VII (Volume V and Volume VII each in two half-volumes) or the word sequence from A to F are currently available; Volumes VIII and IX appear in deliveries.
- Rapports annuels, avec bibliographie linguistique (previously published annually, now biennially).
- Bulletin du Glossaire des Patois de la Suisse romande, 1902–1915 ( digitized ).
See also
literature
- Introduction. In: Glossaire des patois de la Suisse romande, Volume 1. Attinger, Neuchâtel / Paris 1924, pp. 5–24.
- Louis Gauchat : Glossaire des patois de la Suisse romande: notice historique. In: Bulletin du Glossaire des patois de la Suisse romande 13, 1–2 (1914), pp. 3–30 ( digitized version ; accessed on September 18, 2019).
- Ernest Muret : Inquiry on les noms de lieu et les noms de famille. In: Bulletin du Glossaire des patois de la Suisse romande 13, 1–2 (1914), pp. 31–39 ( digitized version , accessed on September 1, 2019).
- Fabien Python, in collaboration with Elisabeth Berchtold, Éric Flückiger, Laure Grüner, Camille Legrand and Laurence Nicaise: Glossaire des patois de la Suisse Romande. Guide et complément. Droz, Genève [2018].