Langues d'oïl

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As langues d'oïl (today's debate: [lãɡdɔj (l)]) is a group of Gallo-Roman languages and dialects of the north lying on the merits of the Loire region of France and in French-speaking part of Belgium and Luxembourg respectively.
In contrast, there are the southern langues d'oc (from Latin hŏc ), which are known as the Occitan language . The langues d'oïl were more exposed to the influence of the Franks and their language than the langues d'oc . The langues d'oïl are distributed in northern France , the islands in the English Channel , Belgium ( Walloon language ) and north-west Switzerland . Modern French developed from a variant of the langue d'oïl of the Paris area , the French dialect (fr. Francien ).

Distribution of the langues d'oïl in France

Langues d'oïl Walter.svg

The central zone of the langues d'oïl includes the areas Île-de-France , Orléanais , Touraine , Ouest de la Champagne , Berry and Bourbonnais .

See also

literature

  • Oscar Bloch et Walter von Wartburg: Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue française . Quatrième édition revue et augmentée par W. v. Wartburg. Presses universitaires de France. Paris 1964. (Article "il, ils")
  • Gerhard Rohlfs: From Vulgar Latin to Old French . 3rd improved edition. Max Niemeyer Verlag, Tübingen 1968.
  • Bodo Müller: Contemporary French. Varieties, structures, tendencies . Carl Winter University Press, Heidelberg 1975.
  • Carlo Tagliavini: Le origini delle lingue neolatine . Bologna 1959. (German edition: Introduction to Romance Philology . Translated from Italian by Reinhard Meisterfeld and Uwe Petersen. CH Beck Verlag, Munich 1976. ISBN 978-3-406-06466-1 ).

Individual evidence

  1. fr., Literally: "Languages ​​of the oïl", d. H. Languages ​​in which the affirmative particle “yes” in Old French of the Middle Ages was called o il or oïl (pronunciation: [o-il]).
  2. From the Latin hŏc ĭlle (abbreviation of the sentence hŏc ĭlle fēcit , "he did this") the form oïl developed. In the 12th century, the "o" in oïl was legally written as [u], ou , the final consonant "l" of il fell silent. This is how the New French form oui (pronunciation: [wi] (w pronounced like the w in English "wall")), which has been documented since the 16th century, came about.