Glycosyl transferases
| Glycosyl transferases | ||
|---|---|---|
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| (a) Enzyme GTA (produces the blood group A antigen ) (b) Enzyme GtfB ( glycosylated vancomycin ) |
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| Enzyme classification | ||
| EC, category | 2.4.-.- | |
| Response type | Transfer of a monosaccharide unit ( donor-acceptor principle ) | |
| Substrate | ||
| Products | ||
| Occurrence | ||
| Parent taxon | Creature | |
Glycosyltransferases ( Latin: transferre , transferring ) are enzymes of the transferase type , which act as catalysts and transfer monosaccharide units of an activated carbohydrate , so-called glycosyl residues, to an acceptor molecule, usually an alcohol ( donor-acceptor principle ). These reactions normally occur as post-translational modifications in the protein biosynthesis of glycoproteins, either as N- glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum or as O- glycosylation in the Golgi apparatus .
The glycosylation of glycolipids (for example of cerebrosides and gangliosides ) is also catalyzed by glycosyltransferases.
The human genome harbors genes for at least 250 different glycosyltransferases. The majority of these are located in three enzyme families. With the enzyme equipment for glycosylation, their functions and their products, the busy glycomics .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gerald W. Hart, Ronald J. Copeland: Glycomics hits the big time. In: Cell . 143, No. 5, 2010, pp. 672-676. doi : 10.1016 / j.cell.2010.11.008 .
- ↑ J. Liu, A. Mushegian: Three monophyletic super families account for the majority of the known glycosyltransferases . In: Protein Sci . 12, No. 7, July 2003, pp. 1418-1431. doi : 10.1110 / ps.0302103 .
| This text is based in whole or in part on the entry Glycosyltransferase in Flexikon , a Wiki of the DocCheck company . The takeover took place on September 17, 2007 under the then valid GNU license for free documentation . |