Goa bean
| Goa bean | ||||||||||||
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Pods of the goa bean ( Psophocarpus tetragonolobus ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Psophocarpus tetragonolobus | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) DC. |
The Goa bean ( Psophocarpus tetragonolobus ), also called wings bean referred to, is a crop plant in the sub-family of papilionaceous (Faboideae) from the family of the Leguminosae (Fabaceae or Leguminosae).
description
The goa bean is a richly branched, left-hand winding, perennial , herbaceous plant . But it is mostly grown as an annual plant . The roots form tubers as storage organs. The leaves are pinnate in three parts. The partial leaves are slightly obliquely egg-shaped, 5 to 14 cm long and 3 to 9 cm wide, pointed, entire or occasionally lobed.
Only occasionally are the flowers solitary, mostly they are axillary on 2 to 10 cm long inflorescence stalks in dense racemose inflorescences . The zygomorphic flower is relatively large with a length of 2 to 5 cm. The crown is yellow-pink or purple in color. The flag is usually upright and 2.5 cm wide.
The legumes are 10 to 20 cm long, along the seams are two wavy wings with a width of about 5 mm. The legumes contain between five and 20, up to a maximum of 40 seeds. The round-oval seeds have a diameter of 7 to 8 mm. The hilum is light to cream in color with a dark border.
Occurrence
Natural occurrences of the goa bean are unknown, their origin is believed to be in Asia , the Mascarene Mountains or Madagascar . This species is widespread in culture.
use
The plant parts are used in a variety of ways, both the young fruits, the ripe seeds and the underground tubers are edible. Fatty acids are extracted from the seeds . 100 grams of dried goa beans contain an average of 3.3 g saturated, 5.8 g monounsaturated and 3.7 g polyunsaturated fatty acids in their 16 g fat portion. The oil from the seeds is used, among other things, to make soap. The seeds have a high nutritional value, which can be compared to the soybean .
| 100 g dried goa beans contain on average: | |||||
| energy | protein | carbohydrates | fat | Fiber | |
| 1,672 kJ (400 kcal ) | 33 g | 31 g | 16 g | 5.5 g | |
| 100 g contain an average of minerals and vitamins: | |||||||||||||
| sodium | potassium | Calcium | magnesium | phosphorus | iron | zinc | β-carotene | Vitamin E. | Vitamin B1 | Vitamin B2 | Vitamin B6 | Folic acid | vitamin C |
| 50 mg | 1000 mg | 530 mg | 170 mg | 40 mg | 14.5 mg | 4.6 mg | 50 µg | 10.0 mg | 1.0 mg | 0.30 mg | 0.40 mg | 130 µg | 1 mg |
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Helmut Heseker, Beate Hesker: The nutritional table 2nd completely revised edition, Neuer Umschau Buchverlag, Neustadt ad Weinstrasse 2012, p. 50.
swell
- Shiu-ying Hu: Psophocarpus tetragonolobus . In: Food Plants of China , The Chinese University Press, 2005. ISBN 962-201-860-2 . Page 481.
- B. Mackinder, R. Pasquet, R. Polhill and B. Verdcourt: Psophocarpus tetragonolobus . In: Flora Zambesiaca , Volume 3, Part 5, 2001.
- HM Burkill: The useful plants of west tropical Africa , Volume 3, 1985.
- Walter H. Schuster, Joachim Alkämper, Richard Marquard & Adolf Stählin: Legumes for grain use: Grain legumes of the world , Justus Liebig University Gießen, 1998 .: Joachim Alkämper: Information on the wing bean, goa bean ( Psophocarpus tetragonolobus ). (German)
