Gold (I) chloride

Crystal structure
	__ Au + __ Cl -
Crystal system	tetragonal
Space group	I 4 1 / amd (No. 141)
Lattice parameters	a = 6.734 Å, c = 8.674 Å
General
Surname	Gold (I) chloride
other names	Gold monochloride
Ratio formula	AuCl
Brief description	light yellow solid
External identifiers / databases
EC number	233-655-8
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.583
PubChem	27366
Wikidata	Q2371753
properties
Molar mass	232.42 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	7.57 g cm −3 (25 ° C)
Melting point	289 ° C (decomposition)
safety instructions
H and P phrases	H: 314-317
	P: 280-305 + 351 + 338-310
Thermodynamic properties
ΔH f 0	−34.7 kJ / mol
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Gold (I) chloride is an inorganic chemical compound from the group of chlorides .

Extraction and presentation

Gold (I) chloride can be produced by thermal degradation of a gold (III) chloride obtained from tetrachloroauric (III) acid

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {HAuCl_ {4} \ longrightarrow AuCl + HCl + Cl_ {2}}}

or by reaction of the purest, dry chlorine with finely divided gold at 250 ° C.

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {2 \ Au + Cl_ {2} \ longrightarrow 2 \ AuCl}}

Production by thermal decomposition of gold (III) chloride is also possible.

properties

Gold (I) chloride is a light yellow solid. It is soluble in alkali chloride solutions and, when dissolved in water, decomposes into gold and trichlorohydroxoauric acid.

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {3 \ AuCl + H_ {2} O \ longrightarrow 2 \ Au + H [AuCl_ {3} OH]}}

On the other hand, some gold (I) chloride complexes are very stable.

The compound has an orthorhombic crystal structure with the space group Cmmm (space group no.65 ) , a = 6.41 Å, b = 3.36 Å, c = 9.48 Å (other source space group I 4 ₁ / amd (no. 141) ). Its enthalpy of formation is −34.7 kJ / mol. Template: room group / 65Template: room group / 141

use

Gold (I) chloride can be used as a catalyst for organic synthesis.

Individual evidence

↑ EMW Janssen, JCW Folmer, GA Wiegers: The preparation and crystal structure of gold monochloride AuCl . In: Journal of Less-Common Metals . tape 38 , no. 1 , October 1974, p. 71-76 , doi : 10.1016 / 0022-5088 (74) 90204-5 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Georg Brauer (Ed.), With the collaboration of Marianne Baudler u. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume II, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-432-87813-3 , p. 1012.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e data sheet Gold (I) chloride, 99.9% trace metals basis from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 2, 2013 ( PDF ).
↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances, pp. 5-5.
^ ^A ^b Gert Blumenthal, Dietmar Linke, Siegfried Vieth: Chemistry: Basic knowledge for engineers . Springer DE, 2006, ISBN 3-8351-9047-4 , p. 352 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
^ Jean d'Ans, Ellen Lax, Roger Blachnik: Pocket book for chemists and physicists . Springer, 1998, ISBN 3-642-58842-5 , pp. 310 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
^ G. Tozer-Hotchkiss: Theilheimer's Synthetic Methods of Organic Chemistry . Karger Publishers, 2008, ISBN 3-8055-8639-6 , pp. 200 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).

[1] EMW Janssen, JCW Folmer, GA Wiegers: The preparation and crystal structure of gold monochloride AuCl . In: Journal of Less-Common Metals . tape 38 , no. 1 , October 1974, p. 71-76 , doi : 10.1016 / 0022-5088 (74) 90204-5 .

[brauer-2] Georg Brauer (Ed.), With the collaboration of Marianne Baudler u. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume II, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-432-87813-3 , p. 1012.

[Sigma-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e data sheet Gold (I) chloride, 99.9% trace metals basis from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 2, 2013 ( PDF ).

[CRC90_5_5-4] David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances, pp. 5-5.

[Gert_Blumenthal,_Dietmar_Linke,_Siegfried_Vieth-5] A ^b Gert Blumenthal, Dietmar Linke, Siegfried Vieth: Chemistry: Basic knowledge for engineers . Springer DE, 2006, ISBN 3-8351-9047-4 , p. 352 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Jean_d’Ans,_Ellen_Lax,_Roger_Blachnik-6] Jean d'Ans, Ellen Lax, Roger Blachnik: Pocket book for chemists and physicists . Springer, 1998, ISBN 3-642-58842-5 , pp. 310 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[G._Tozer-Hotchkiss-7] G. Tozer-Hotchkiss: Theilheimer's Synthetic Methods of Organic Chemistry . Karger Publishers, 2008, ISBN 3-8055-8639-6 , pp. 200 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).