Grönhagen (patrician family)

Von Grönhagen (also: von Grünhagen ) is the name of a Lüneburg (at times also Brunswick ) patrician and councilor family.

history

Ulrich von Gronenhagen immigrated to the city ​​of Lüneburg from Grünhagen, an estate of the St. Michaelis Monastery in Lüneburg , about 11 km south of Lüneburg near Bienenbüttel on the Ilmenau , where he became a citizen in 1357. He married Gesche von Stöterogge around 1355 and lived in the house built by his brother-in-law Ludolf von Stöterogge in 1373. The family gained prosperity and reputation through the Lüneburg saltworks . Ulrich died in 1378. With him begins the line of tribe (at Büttner) of this patrician and councilor family of the Hanseatic era, at the same time a Lüneburg Sülfmeister dynasty - the members were therefore entitled to boil at the salt works. A family branch later also leads to the Braunschweig patriciate.

Family tree of Grönhagen

Ulrich (after Büttner "with the lily"; † 1378), 1357 citizen in Lüneburg (exp. 1357–74), immigrates from Grönhagen / Grünhagen near Lüneburg; ⚭ around 1355 Gesche von Stöterogge, daughter of Johann.

1. Ludolph
2. Nicolaus, 1390 councilor, † 1400, oo Tibbeke N.
   1. Elisabeth, 1397, ⚭ Henricus von Grabow
3. Gevehard (Gebhardus I.), Sülfmeister, on Kirchgellersen (2 farms), † 1417, ⚭ around 1380 Catharina von der Möhlen (To. Des Nikolai vd M., "the knight and mayor" and the Beke vd Weser)
   1. Nicolaus II, councilor 1414, Bgm. 1427, ⚭ Catharina von Grabow
   2. Ludolph II was a priest and vicar to St. Johann in 1427 and to Dannenberg in 1434
   3. Johannes, Canon of Lübeck 1427, 1436
   4. Gebhard II., 1427 in Lüneburg, 1439 is Prince Captain of the Bardowick Bailiwick, ⚭ Tibbeke von der Möhlen, the daughter of Mr. Johann
   5. Gebbeke († 1480), received Kirchgellersen, ⚭ I. Senator Rese, ⚭ II. 1436 Albert von der Möhlen
   6. Godele ⚭ 1436 Eggardo Schomaker
   7. Ludgard ⚭ Johannes Papen
4. Geseke, 1378 Beguines in the Blue Convent in Lüneburg
5. Beke, 1378 in the Walsrode monastery

The von Grönhagen invested a large fortune in house interest, land and tithe holdings (among other things, Büttner mentions the tithe of various localities from the Bishop of Verden) and gained political influence with regard to their wealth and their economic power developed in connection with the salt works and the salt trade. In Lüneburg and Braunschweig, for example, representatives of the Grönhagen family can be found on the city council or as mayors during the Hanseatic League . Many were wealthy Hanseatic merchants, ducal feudal holders and long-serving representatives of their city. The family also provided a number of nuns . Daughters were repeatedly given up as nuns in neighboring monasteries (mostly the so-called Lüne monasteries ): Already in the second generation, one sees 1378 daughters of the progenitor Ulrich as "Beguines in the Blue Convent" (Geseke), while her sister Beke is in the Walsrode Monastery . A generation later, the family also had male clerics . As the sons of Gebhard I, Johannes I was "Canonicus" in Lübeck and Ludolphus II. Priest, vicar and prepositus zu Dannenberg , while his brother Gebhardus II. In Lüneburg the profane side as prince. Captain of the Bailiwick of Bardowick represented. From the description of the great patrician house of Heinrich III. von Grönhagen has documented the temporary possession of castles and bailiwicks.

Religious as well as profane foundations and bequests

In Lüneburg they gave gifts to vicarages in Cosmas and Damian and founded vicariates to St. Vitus in St. Johannes . The Chapel Trium Regum (Chapel of the Three Kings) to St. Johannes in Lüneburg has moved from those of Stöterogge to that of Grönhagen and then to the Schomaker.

The House of Mercy also bore the Grönhagensche coat of arms: a facility to alleviate the need of the needy in Lüneburg with a chapel at which a Kommendist had to read mass three times a week. The commander was probably built by the councilor Hinrik von Grönhagen, because according to a record from 1525 it was covered with a pension of 20 marks from his brine. The house must have been expanded in 1537 and 1539 and bore the coat of arms of Grönhagen and his wife Margarete von Sanckenstede.

Other foundations

• The St. Vitus altar on the council lecturer of St. John's Church in Lüneburg was donated by Gebhardus I. Grönhagen.
• Büttner mentions monuments there. One of the monuments that once existed here is shown in simplified form in Helmold Rodewolt's pictorial chronicle from 1587. It was equipped with the coats of arms of the von der Möhlen, Abbenborg and Grönhagen families.
• Another in St. Johannes from 1489 was dedicated to the doctor Nicolaus Gronehagen, Proconsul zu Lüneburg.
• A stained glass window in St. Johannes was the Senator “Dn. Henrici Gronhagen ”(⚭ M. Sanckenstede and dies 1540).
• They were also contributors to the Lüneburg council silver treasure , as can be seen from a directory from 1526: 94) “A large head of most teyls with a lid, according to H. Heinrich Grünhagen, for example. 146) A silver bowl with a foot, as drawn to Mr. Heinrichen Grünhagen Hergewett, with his and Sanckenstedens coat of arms. 148) A syllable. Bowls with the Grünhagen's shields, in the shield of a Hagen (the zigzag fence) in the red field. "

The Braunschweiger Grönhagen were also patrons of a vicariate (spiritual fief) in Steimke before Isenhagen.

Well-known family members

• Nicolaus II von Grönhagen († 1438 Lüneburg) Sülfmeister and patrician in Lüneburg. Lüneburg councilor since 1414, mayor in 1417 (married to Catharina von Grabow).
• Gevehard II of Grönhagen (also Gevert / Gebhardus, † 1456) mayor. (Son of Gevehard I.), 1420 University of Rostock , 1438 ducal Vogt of Bardowick at Lüdershausen Castle and 1451–56 at Moisburg Castle .
• Nicolaus III. († 1489, buried in Lüneburg) was mayor of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck . (Son of Johannes II and Ilsebe von Bothmer).
• Henry III. von Grönhagen († 1540) had been Sülfmeister since 1487, councilor and mayor as well as patrician in Lüneburg (married to Margarete Sanckenstede) in 1499.
• Johann von Grönhagen had held the aristocratic court of Wendewisch and Bleckede Castle on the Elbe since 1491 .
• Henning von Grönhagen, († 1518) Stud. In Rostock 1484, councilor in Braunschweig 1503-12, in Hagen, was slain during the uprising of the poor on June 6, 1518 by the mob, which he bravely opposed.

coat of arms

The family had two different coats of arms.

According to Büttner: “Shield blue or azure, a silver lily erect. On the helmet was a tall blue hat with a narrow silver lapel, and above it 6 white ostrich feathers standing side by side, framed in a golden button below, the helmet covers on both sides white and blue. "

The other coat of arms: Red shield, top and bottom with nine silver balls each, through which a silver jagged cross band (or two full and two half, or three full diamonds) runs, covered with a network of green branches (the green one "Hag", hedge or fence - talking coat of arms ) or three holly leaves in a silver zigzag band. Green twigs with mostly three leaves woven crosswise on the helmet. The helmet covers were red and white.

A medieval example: stained glass window from 1412 from the leprosy chapel of the St. Vitus Hospital in front of the Lüneburger Tor in Uelzen - implemented in the Uelzen Holy Spirit Chapel in 1890 . Including the coat of arms of the von Grönhagen family, held by two grim lions . The major mayor Nicolaus II and his father Gevehard I are the main benefactors.

literature

• Johan Henricus Büttner: Genealogiae or family and gender registers of the noblest Lüneburg noble patrician families ..., 1704, p. 159 ff.
• Joachim Lehrmann : The patrician family v. Grönhagen , in Grünhagen-Nachrichten 2011, no. 43, pp. 10–18 and no. 44, pp. 5–12.
• Henning von Reden: Die (von) Grönhagen , in Norddeutsche Familienkunde, vol. 7, 14th year, issue 1 1965.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ This was knighted by the Ascanian Duke Albrecht due to his services during the attack of the ducal on the city of Lüneburg on Ursulanacht.
2. ↑ Hans-Joachim Behr: The pawn lock policy of the city of Lüneburg ..., 1964.
3. ↑ German legal dictionary. University of Heidelberg, accessed on January 1, 2020 . 
4. ↑ Helmold Rodewolts (Rodewald - 1555-1626) Bilderchronik / Rodewoelt Helmeke
5. ^ Stefan Bursche: Das Lüneburger Ratssilber, 2008, and in a different edition: 1990 (inventory catalog of the Berlin Museum of Decorative Arts).
6. ↑ Siebmacher's Wappenbuch, 5th volume, 3rd part.
7. ↑ Ulf-Dietrich Korn: The glass paintings from St. Viti in the Holy Spirit Chapel in Uelzen, 1981, p. 36f. Becksmann / Korn: The Medieval Glass Paintings in Lüneburg and the Heath Monasteries, Berlin 1992.