County of Schauenburg
The county of Schauenburg , named after the ancestral seat of the counts on the Schauenburg in the district of Kassel in northern Hesse , was a relatively small and short-lived county that existed from around 1089 until the first quarter of the 13th century.
The Counts of the Schauenburgs died out in 1252 with Count Berthold, probably a brother of Albert.
Direct descendants of the Schauenburg counts called themselves " Counts of Wallenstein " after their new ancestral seat and lived as feudal men, first of the Hersfeld Abbey and from 1648 of the Landgraves of Hesse in this region until 1745. They had their seat at Castle Wallenstein . The Wallenstein Abbey is named after the Wallenstein branch of the Schauenburg family, and the continuation of the foundation is now part of the Knighthood of Althessia .
Count Adalbert von “Scouwenburg” was first mentioned in a document in 1089. At that time, the Schauenburgers were in the possession of the “Ditmelle” supreme court (the name has been preserved in the Kassel district names Kirchditmold and Rothenditmold ), which has several central courts (Hundschaftsgerichte ) included. The title of count was associated with this jurisdiction. They were at the same time the bailiffs of the church in Kirchditmold - Count Albert de Scovvenborch is attested in 1170 as bailiff of the church in Ditmelle - and probably also of the Weissenstein and Kaufungen monasteries . In 1132 a Count Adelbert von “Schœnberg”, in fact probably “Schauenburg”, is said to have been a monk in the Breitenau monastery .
The county of Schauenburg was too small to be able to assert itself successfully in the long term in the conflict of interests between the Landgraviate of Thuringia , later the Landgraviate of Hesse , and the Archdiocese of Mainz . This probably explains why Count Albert V von Schauenburg accepted Wallenstein Castle in the Knüll Mountains in 1223 as a fief from the Hersfeld Abbey , which stood on the Mainz side. After that he no longer called himself "von Schauenburg", but "Albert (I.) von Wallenstein ". At this time, probably in 1219, he or his predecessor had already sold the Schauenburg and the Ditmelle court to the Archdiocese of Mainz and thus lost the title of count. Hermann von Rengoldehusen ( Rengshausen ) was subsequently enfeoffed with the court by the archbishopric, but was ousted from this office by the Ludowinger Landgraves at the latest in 1225 and replaced by their Kassel mayors . In 1250, the pledging of the Schauenburg and the Ditmelle court by Mainz to the knight Hund von Holzhausen was notarized.
In 1271, however, there is still a mention of Albert von Schauenburg, to whom the Hessian Landgrave transferred the post of land judge at the old Gaugericht Maden and who exercised the count's power there as "vicecomes" (vice count).
Footnotes
- ↑ Friedrich Christoph Schmincke: attempt a precise and elaborate description of the high-Princely Hessian residence and capital Cassel .... . Hochbuchdruckerei Schmiedt, Kassel, 1767, p. 290, fn. b and Johann Christian Martin (eds.): Topographical-statistical news from Niederhessen. Third volume, first issue, Grießbach, Kassel, 1796, p. 84
- ↑ Johannes Trithemius: Chronicon Insigne Monasterii Hirsaugiensis, Ordinis S. Benedicti. Parcus, Basileæ 1559, p. 160. The noble families Schönberg and Schönburg had no relation to the monastery, unlike the Counts of Schauenburg; see Christoph Noll, Johannes Burkardt: Breitenau. In: Historical Section of the Bavarian Benedictine Academy Munich, Abt-Herwegen -Institut Maria Laach (Ed.): The Benedictine monasteries in Hessen. Germania Benedictina , Vol. 7: Hessen. EOS, St. Ottilien 2004, pp. 94, 110.
- ↑ In the year 1219, fourteen Märker members formed the college of lay judges at the Ditmelle court, and a bailiff is not mentioned. ( Kirchditmolder data - a chronological district history ( Memento from June 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive )).
- ↑ Kirchditmolder data - a chronological history of the district ( Memento from June 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive )