Grajaú (Maranhão)

Município de Grajaú Grajaú
View of the center
Grajaú
Coordinates	5 ° 49 ′  S , 46 ° 8 ′  W Coordinates: 5 ° 49 ′  S , 46 ° 8 ′  W
Location of the municipality in the state of Maranhão
Symbols
coat of arms flag
founding	April 29, 1811 (Fazenda Chapada) (209 years), April 7, 1881 (town charter) (139 years)
Basic data
Country	Brazil
State	Maranhão
height	146 m
Waters	Rio Grajaú
surface	8,863.6 km²
Residents	62,093 (2010)
density	7  Ew. / km²
estimate	69,527 (July 1, 2019)
Parish code	IBGE : 2104800
Post Code	65940-000
Telephone code	(+55)  99
Time zone	UTC −3
Website	grajau.ma (Brazilian Portuguese)
politics
City Prefect	Mercial Lima de Arruda (2017-2020)
Political party	MDB
economy
GDP	568,872  thousand R $ 8310  R $ per capita (2016)
HDI	0.609 (medium) (2010)

Grajaú , officially Portuguese Município de Grajaú , is a municipality in the Brazilian state of Maranhão . The population was estimated on July 1, 2019 at 69,527 inhabitants, who live on a large community area of ​​around 8863.6 km² and are called Grajauenses ( grajauenses ). The calculated population density is 7 people per km²; in fact, around 60% of the population is concentrated in urban areas. It is ranked 18th out of 217 municipalities in the state. The capital São Luís is 580 km away. The BR-226 runs through Grajaú in an east-west direction . The Rio Grajaú flows through the urban core in a north-south direction.

0.18% of the community belong to the Araribóia indigenous reserve , which is inhabited by the Guajajaras . The name is derived from the Karajás and means in the Tupi language about the river of the Karajás .

Grajaú was affected by the forest fires in 2019 .

The Universidade Federal do Maranhão has a campus in the city, the Universidade Estadual do Maranhão maintains the Centro de Estudos Superiores de Grajaú (CESGRA) branch in Grajaú .

Grajaú is the most populous city in the planning region Região de Planejamento dos Serras , which consists of five municipalities ,

geography

Surrounding communities are Itaipava do Grajaú , Barra do Corda , Arame , Jenipapo dos Vieiras , Fernando Falcão , Formosa da Serra Negra and Sítio Novo .

The community has a tropical climate, Aw according to the Köppen and Geiger climate classification . The average temperature is 26.5 ° C. The average rainfall is 1240 mm per year. In the southern summer there is more rainfall in Grajaú than in the southern winter.

Population development

year	Residents	city	country
1991	39,228	18,133	21,095
2000	50.107	26,511	23,596
2010	62.093	37,041	25.052
2019	69,527	?	?

Source: IBGE (2011)

Average income and standard of living

The monthly average income in 2017 was a factor of 1.9 of the Brazilian minimum wage ( Salário mínimo ) of R $ 880.00 (converted for 2019: around 378 €). The Human Development Index (HDI) is rated at 0.609 for 2010 as being in the lower mean. In 2017, 6,440 people or 9.3% of the population were registered as permanent employees; 48.6% of the population had an income of half the minimum wage in 2010.

HDI
year				Points
1991			0.295
2000			0.421
2010			0.609

The gross national product per capita in 2016 was R $ 8309.80, the gross national product of the municipality was around R $ 5688.72 million.

Illiteracy rate

Grajaú had an illiteracy rate of 52.1% in 1991, including early school leavers, which had already fallen to 29.4% in the 2010 census. Around 34.8% of the population in 2010 were children and adolescents up to the age of 15.

Illiteracy rate
year				percent
1991			52.09
2000			41.90
2010			29.44

Ethnic composition

Ethnic groups according to the statistical classification of the IBGE (status 2000 with 47,155 inhabitants, status 2010 with 62,093 inhabitants): Of these, 37,041 inhabitants lived in urban areas in 2010 and 25,052 in rural areas of the rainforest area and Cerrado .

group	Share 2000	Share 2010	annotation
Pardos	27.002	▲ 38,455	Mixed races, mulattos , mestizos
Brancos	13,375	▲ 14,962	Whites, descendants of Europeans
Pretus	3,483	▲ 4,193	black
Amarelos	66	▲ 532	Asians
Indigenous people	2,976	▲ 3,950	indigenous population
without specification	253	-

traffic

The nearest airports are Barra do Corda Airport (105 km), Imperatriz Airport (149 km) and Balsas Airport (190 km).

Pictures from Grajaú

• 

  Cathedral of Nosso Senhor do Bonfim

• 

  Rio Grajaú

• 

  Waterfall on the Rio Grajaú

• 

  Rice and soy processing

Web links

Commons : Grajaú  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• City Prefecture website , Prefeitura Municipal (Brazilian Portuguese)
• City Council website , Câmara Municipal (Brazilian Portuguese)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Grajaú - Panorama. In: cidades.ibge.gov.br. IBGE , accessed November 16, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
2. ↑ Mercial Arruda 15 (Prefeito). In: todapolitica.com. Eleições 2016, accessed November 16, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
3. ↑ Eduardo de Almeida Navarro: Dicionário de tupi antigo. A língua indígena clássica do Brasil. Global Editora, São Paulo 2013, ISBN 978-85-260-1933-1 , p. 561.
4. ↑ SEPLAN (ed.): Regiões de Planejamento do Estado de Maranhão . São Luís 2008, p. 20–22 (Brazilian Portuguese, gov.br [PDF]).
5. ↑ Grajaú climate: average temperature, weather by month, Grajaú weather averages - Climate-Data.org. In: de.climate-data.org. Retrieved November 16, 2019 . 
6. ^ ^{A b} Atlas do Desenvolvimento no Brasil: Grajaú, MA . Retrieved November 16, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese)
7. ↑ Grajaú - Panorama - Trabalho e rendimento. In: cidades.ibge.gov.br. IBGE , accessed November 16, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
8. ↑ Grajaú - Produto Interno Bruto dos Municipios. In: cidades.ibge.gov.br. IBGE , accessed November 16, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
9. ↑ IBGE : Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática - SIDRA: Tabela 2093. Retrieved on November 15, 2019 (Portuguese, database query, search terms Grajaú (MA) and Cor ou raça).