São Luís

This article covers the capital of Maranhão; on the Portuguese community see São Luís (Odemira) .

São Luís
Coordinates: 2 ° 31 ′  S , 44 ° 16 ′  W São Luís​ São Luís on the map of Maranhão
Basic data
Country	Brazil
State	Maranhão
City foundation	September 8, 1612
Residents	1,101,884  (estimate as of July 1, 2019)
City insignia
Detailed data
surface	582.974 km 2
Population density	1216 inhabitants / km 2
height	4  m
Time zone	UTC −3
City Presidency	Edivaldo Holanda Júnior
Website	www.saoluis.ma.gov.br
Palácio dos Leões

São Luís , officially Município de São Luís , often also called São Luís do Maranhão , has been the capital of the Brazilian state of Maranhão since 1621 . In 2010, the population of São Luís exceeded the 1 million mark.

Geographical location

The city is located on the Ilha de São Luís peninsula between the Bay of São Marcos ( Baía de São Marcos ) and the Bay of São José ( Baía de São José ). At this point on the Brazilian coast, the tidal range is about seven meters, which means that huge areas of sand are exposed at low tide .

history

The city's origins go back to 1612, when the French built a fort in this part of Brazil that was not yet colonized by the Portuguese . However, this fort fell to the Portuguese in 1615 after a year-long battle. In 1631 the settlement was taken by the Dutch , but in 1664 Portugal regained the upper hand not only here but throughout Brazil. The facades covered with Portuguese tiles ( azulejos ) are characteristic of the old town . The city center has been protected by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site since 1997 .

City administration

City Prefect (Mayor) has been Edivaldo Holanda Júnior of the Christian Workers' Party ( Partido Trabalhista Cristão , PTC) since January 1, 2013 , who won 56 percent of the vote on October 28, 2012 and in the 2016 local elections, this time as a member of the Partido Democrático Trabalhista (PDT), had been re-elected with around 54 percent of the vote. He will serve until 2020.

traffic

São Luís is the terminus of the Estrada de Ferro Carajás railway line , which comes from the ore mines in the Carajás area.

São Luís has the Aeroporto Internacional de São Luís .

São Luís also has two ports. The Porto de São Luís ( English Port of Sao Luis ) is mainly frequented by smaller ships and serves in particular as a fishing port. In the vicinity of the city there is also the Porto do Itaqui (English: Port of Itaqui ), which is of great importance as an industrial port and in 2008 was the most important Brazilian port in terms of tons of goods handled. Part of Porto do Itaqui is used by the mining company Vale as an iron ore loading port ( Ponta da Madeira ).

Attractions

• The old town (the so-called Reviver ), with its buildings, some of which are centuries old
• Lençóis Maranhenses , an extensive dune area approx. 200 km away, which can be reached on a day tour.
• Alcântara (Maranhão) , on the Baía de São Marcos, opposite São Luís

Archdiocese of São Luís do Maranhão

• Archdiocese of São Luís do Maranhão

sons and daughters of the town

• Sotero dos Reis (1800–1871), journalist, poet and literary historian
• Maria Firmina dos Reis (1825–1917), writer
• Carlos Luiz d'Amour (1836–1921), Roman Catholic Archbishop of Cuiabá
• Artur Azevedo (1855–1908), journalist and writer
• Aluísio Azevedo (1857–1913), diplomat, writer and draftsman
• Graça Aranha (1868–1931), writer and diplomat
• Antônio Mendes Vianna (1908–1976), diplomat
• Josué Montello (1917–2006), journalist, theater scholar and writer
• Nascimento Morais Filho (1922–2009), writer and folklorist
• Ferreira Gullar (1930–2016), poet and writer
• Paulo Renato Rocha Santos (* 1933), diplomat
• Turibio Santos (* 1943), guitarist
• Alcione (* 1947), singer and composer
• Tânia Maria (* 1948), pianist and singer
• Waldir Maranhão (* 1955), politician
• José Sarney Filho (* 1957), politician
• Luís Oliveira (* 1969), football player
• Válber da Silva Costa (* 1971), football player
• Elpídio Barbosa Conceição (* 1974), football player
• José Clayton (born 1974), football player
• Rafael Leitão (* 1979), chess grandmaster
• Paulo César Rocha Rosa (* 1980), football player
• Iziane Castro Marques (* 1982), basketball player
• Márcio Rodrigues Araújo (* 1984), football player
• Luis Carlos dos Santos Martins (* 1984), football player
• Léo Silva (* 1985), football player
• Adaílson Pereira Coelho (born 1986), football player
• Júnior Maranhão (* 1986), football player
• Ana Paula Rodrigues Belo (* 1987), handball player
• Vanderley Dias Marinho (born 1987), football player
• Jheimy da Silva Carvalho (* 1988), football player
• Ananias Eloi Castro Monteiro (1989-2016), football player
• Dyego Sousa (* 1989), soccer player
• Joana de Verona (* 1989), Portuguese-Brazilian actress
• Richard Danilo Maciel Sousa Campos (* 1990), football player
• Thiago Mendes (* 1992), football player
• Wanderson Maciel Sousa Campos (* 1994), football player

Climate table

São Luís
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     256   30th 22nd     382   29 23     422   29 23     473   30th 23     320   30th 23     171   30th 23     138   30th 23     32   31 23     20th   31 24     11   31 24     11   31 24     92   31 23 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: wetterkontor.de

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for São Luís Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 30.0 29.4 29.4 29.6 30.1 30.4 30.2 30.7 31.0 31.2 31.4 31.1 O 30.4 Min. Temperature (° C) 22.3 23.1 23.0 23.1 23.1 22.9 22.6 23.0 23.5 23.7 24.0 22.9 O 23.1 Precipitation ( mm ) 256 382 422 473 320 171 138 32 20th 11 11 92 Σ 2,328 Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 6.3 4.0 3.5 3.8 5.2 7.1 7.7 8.4 8.3 8.1 8.1 6.7 O 6.4 Rainy days ( d ) 14th 19th 23 23 22nd 14th 11 4th 2 2 2 5 Σ 141 Humidity ( % ) 85 88 89 90 89 86 86 84 81 81 79 81 O 84.9 Source: wetterkontor.de

Web links

Commons : São Luís  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Entry on the UNESCO World Heritage Center website ( English and French ).
• Aerial photos of Sao Luis made with paramotor

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} São Luís - Panorama. In: cidades.ibge.gov.br. IBGE , accessed August 31, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
2. ↑ Unesco World Heritage List , accessed on February 23, 2019
3. ^ Edivaldo Holanda Júnior, do PDT, é reeleito prefeito de São Luís . In: Eleições 2016 no Maranhão . October 30, 2016 (Brazilian Portuguese, globo.com [accessed January 16, 2018]).
4. ↑ Port of Sao Luis - Maranhao / Brazil , accessed on February 23, 2019
5. ↑ World Port Rankings 2008 , accessed February 23, 2019.
6. ↑ Joana de Verona , imdb.com