Timon (Maranhao)

Município de Timon "Timon City" Timon
Praça São José in Timon
Timon
Coordinates	5 ° 6 ′  S , 42 ° 50 ′  W Coordinates: 5 ° 6 ′  S , 42 ° 50 ′  W
Location of the municipality in the state of Maranhão
Symbols
coat of arms flag
founding	April 10, 1924 (town charter) (age 96)
Basic data
Country	Brazil
State	Maranhão
height	78 m
Waters	Rio Parnaíba
climate	tropical, Aw
surface	1,764.6 km²
Residents	155,460 (2010)
density	88.1  Ew. / km²
estimate	169,107 (July 1, 2019)
Parish code	IBGE : 2112209
Post Code	65630-000
Telephone code	(+55)  99
Time zone	UTC −3
Website	timon.ma.gov.br (Brazilian Portuguese)
politics
City Prefect	Luciano Leitoa (2017-2020)
Political party	PSB
economy
GDP	1,599,187 thousand R $ 9617  R $ per person  (2016)
HDI	0.649 (medium) (2010)
Avenida Piauí at the level of the Ponte da Amizade (Friendship Bridge)

Timon , officially Portuguese Município de Timon , is a city in the Brazilian state of Maranhão . It is the third largest city in the state in terms of population, economy and voters. Their population was 155,460 Timonens in the 2010 census. The population was estimated on July 1, 2019 at 169,107 inhabitants, who live in a community area of ​​around 1764.6 km². The calculated population density is 89 people per km², but around 87% live in the urban capital.

The Universidade Estadual do Maranhão maintains the Centro de Estudos Superiores de Timon (CESTI) in Timon .

geography

Timon is located on the left bank of the Rio Parnaíba , which forms the border between the states of Maranhão and Piauí . On the other side of the river is Teresina , the capital of Piauí, with which it shares a border. Timon is 450 kilometers away from São Luís , the capital of Maranhãos .

It is the only city of Maranhão to belong to the Piauian regional development region Região Integrada de Desenvolvimento da Grande Teresina .

The biome is Brazilian cerrado .

history

The settlement of Timon began in the 18th century when the connecting route between today's places Oeiras (formerly Vila da Mocha ) and Caxias (formerly Aldeias Altas ) gained in importance. The river and border crossing to the Rio Parnaíba was called the Santo Antônio Passage and was only about 13 km from the center of Timon. From 1863 the village was called São José das Cajazeiras and was converted into a higher status and with a new name in Vila de Flores on December 22, 1890 . On April 10, 1924, the "Lei nº 1.139" was raised to the status of a city, the date is noted as the date of foundation in the city coat of arms. Since there was a place of the same name in Brazil, the decree "Lei nº 820" of 1943 ordered another name change. The community was now called Município de Timon , named in honor of the writer João Francisco Lisboa , who was nicknamed Timon Maranhense because of a famous magazine that he published and had the title of the ancient Greek Timon of Athens ,

climate

The community has a tropical climate, Aw according to the Köppen and Geiger climate classification . The average temperature is 27.5 ° C. The average rainfall is 1383 mm per year.

Monthly average temperatures and rainfall for Timon

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Temperature ( ° C )	26.8	26.5	26.9	26.8	26.5	26.5	26.7	28.0	29.1	29.2	28.7	27.8	O	27.5
Precipitation ( mm )	193	241	313	260	118	21st	11	7th	12	22nd	65	120	Σ	1383

Local government

The executive rests with the city prefect (mayor). In the local elections in 2016 , Luciano Leitoa of the Partido Socialista Brasileiro (PSB) was re-elected city prefect for the term from 2017 to 2020.

The legislature lies with a 21-member elected city council, the vereadores of the Câmara Municipal.

Population development

year	Residents	city	country
1991	107,439	90.814	16,625
2000	129,692	113.066	16,626
2010	155,460	135.133	20,327
2019	169.107	?	?

Source: IBGE (2011)

Average income and standard of living

The monthly average income in 2017 was 1.8 times the Brazilian minimum wage ( Salário mínimo ) of R $ 880.00 (income converted for 2019: around € 358 per month). The Human Development Index (HDI) is rated as medium high at 0.649 for 2010.

In 2017, 14,633 people or 8.7% of the population were registered as permanently employed; 44.5% of the population had an income of half the minimum wage in 2010.

Over 20,300 families received support from the Bolsa Família social program in October 2019 .

HDI
year				Points
1991			0.362
2000			0.479
2010			0.649

The gross national product per capita in 2016 was R $ 9,616.57, the community's gross national product was around R $ 1,599.2 million.

Illiteracy rate

In 1991, Timon had an illiteracy rate of 44.2% (including early school leavers), which had already fallen to 22.4% in the 2010 census. 29% of the population in 2010 were children and adolescents up to the age of 15.

Illiteracy rate
year				percent
1991			44.19
2000			32.80
2010			22.40

Ethnic composition

Ethnic groups according to the statistical classification of the IBGE (status 2000 with 129,692 inhabitants, status 2010 with 155,460 inhabitants):

group	Share 2000	Share 2010	annotation
Pardos	90,826	▲ 109,936	Mixed races, mulattos , mestizos
Brancos	25,217	▼ 24,490	Whites, descendants of Europeans
Pretus	12,877	▲ 17,911	black
Amarelos	90	▲ 2,970	Asians
Indigenous people	130	▲ 153	indigenous population
without specification	552	-

Web links

Commons : Timon  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• City Prefecture website , Prefeitura Municipal (Brazilian Portuguese)
• City Council website , Câmara Municipal (Brazilian Portuguese)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Timon - Panorama. In: cidades.ibge.gov.br. IBGE , accessed November 18, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
2. ↑ Timon climate: average temperature, weather by month, Timon weather averages - Climate-Data.org. In: de.climate-data.org. Retrieved November 18, 2019 . 
3. ↑ Luciano Leitoa 40 (Prefeito). In: todapolitica.com. Eleições 2016, accessed November 18, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
4. ↑ Nossas Parlamentares. In: www.timon.ma.leg.br. Câmara Municipal, accessed November 18, 2019 . 
5. ^ ^{A b} Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humao no Brasil: Timon, MA . Retrieved November 18, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese)
6. ↑ Timon - Panorama - Trabalho e rendimento. In: cidades.ibge.gov.br. IBGE , accessed November 18, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
7. ↑ Relatório do Bolsa Família e Cadastro Único: Timon / MA , accessed on November 18, 2019 (database query, Brazilian Portuguese).
8. ↑ Timon - Produto Interno Bruto dos Municipios. In: cidades.ibge.gov.br. IBGE , accessed November 18, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
9. ↑ IBGE : Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática - SIDRA: Tabela 2093. Retrieved on November 18, 2019 (Portuguese, database query, search terms Timon (MA) and Cor ou raça).