Paço do Lumiar

Município de Paço do Lumiar Paço do Lumiar
Paço do Lumiar
Coordinates	2 ° 32 ′  S , 44 ° 6 ′  W Coordinates: 2 ° 32 ′  S , 44 ° 6 ′  W
Location of the municipality in the state of Maranhão
Symbols
coat of arms flag
founding	December 7, 1959 (town charter) (age 60)
Basic data
Country	Brazil
State	Maranhão
Metropolitan area	São Luís
structure	1 multiple district
height	5 m
Waters	Rio Paciência
climate	tropical, Aw
surface	126.8 km²
Residents	105,121 (2010)
density	829  Ew. / km²
estimate	122,197 (July 1, 2019)
Parish code	IBGE : 2107506
Post Code	65130-000
Telephone code	(+55)  98
Time zone	UTC −3
Website	pacodolumiar.ma (Brazilian Portuguese)
politics
City Prefect	Domingos Dutra (2017-2020)
Political party	PCdoB
economy
GDP	800,072 thousand R $ 6672  R $ per person  (2016)
HDI	0.724 (high) (2010)

Paço do Lumiar , officially Portuguese Município de Paço do Lumiar , is a city in the Brazilian state of Maranhão on the island of Upaon-Açu in the Gulf of Maranhão in the South Atlantic . At the 2010 census it had 105,121 inhabitants, on July 1, 2019 the population was estimated at 122,197 inhabitants, who live in a community area of ​​around 126.8 km² and are called Luminenses ( luminenses ). The population density is 886 people per km². The capital São Luís , also on the island, is 26 km away. With eight other municipalities, it is part of the metropolitan region of São Luís , also called Grande São Luís .

history

On May 22, 1625, the governor of Maranhão, Francisco Coelho de Carvalho , arrived in the capital. The Jesuit Luís Figueira already owned a documented land called Anindiba. Approved by royal charter of June 11, 1761, which is considered the year of foundation, the following year Governor Joaquim de Melo e Póvoas elevated the island settlement to a vila under the name Paço do Lumiar, named after the Portuguese freguesia Lumiar .

In the 20th century Paço do Lumiar was initially a district of the capital São Luís, then became part of the municipality of São José de Ribamar as a district there. By law Lei n ° 1890 of December 7, 1959, the developing city received town rights and was spun off from São José de Ribamar. However, the actual emancipation only took place on January 14, 1961, when the term of office of the appointed city prefect Pedro Ferreira da Cruz began.

geography

The surrounding communities are São José de Ribamar and Raposa , and there is the Rio Paciência on flowing waters .

climate

The community has a tropical climate, Aw according to the Köppen and Geiger climate classification . The average temperature is 26.8 ° C. The average rainfall is 1812 mm per year. The southern summer in Paço do Lumiar has more rainfall than the southern winter.

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Paço do Lumiar

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Temperature ( ° C )	26.4	26.2	26.4	26.5	26.6	26.4	26.8	27.2	27.5	27.7	27.2	27.0	O	26.8
Precipitation ( mm )	182	261	353	375	268	144	104	30th	11	6th	11	67	Σ	1812

Local government

The executive rests with the city prefect (mayor). In the local elections in 2016 , Domingos Dutra was elected city prefect by the communist PCdoB for the term from 2017 to 2020.

The legislature rests with a 17-member elected city council, the vereadores of the Câmara Municipal.

Several former mayors have been charged with corruption, forgery or embezzlement and sentenced to prison terms, including Bia Venâncio and Gilberto Aroso .

No.	prefect	Term of office	Note
1	Pedro Ferreira da Cruz	1961-1963	appointed
2	Vicente Ferreira Maia Neto	1963-1969	elected
3	Olavo Silveira de Melo	1969-1973	elected
4th	José Raimundo Gomes	1973-1977	elected
5	Benjamin Peixoto	1977-1988	elected
6th	João Brito	1978-1983	moved up
7th	Joaquim Aroso	1983-1989	elected
8th	Alfredo Silva	1989-1993	elected
9	Wanderley Ribeiro	1993-1997	elected
10	Amadeu Aroso	1997-2001	elected
11	Mábenes Fonseca	2001-2003	elected
12	Gilberto Aroso	2003-2009	elected
13	Bia Venâncio	2009–2012	not re-eligible
14th	Raimundo Filho	2012-2013	moved up
15th	Josemar Sobreiro	2013-2017	elected
16	Domingos Dutra	2017- officiating	elected

Population development

year	Residents	city	country
1991	45,456	1,147	44,309
2000	76,950	1,188	75,762
2010	105.121	78,811	26,310
2019	122.197	?	?

Source: IBGE (2011) Between 2000 and 2010 a paradigm shift took place as to how rural and urban areas can be delimited on the limited island area; from 2010 the majority of the community was considered urban.

Average income and standard of living

The monthly average income in 2017 was 1.7 times the Brazilian minimum wage ( Salário mínimo ) of R $ 880.00 (income converted for 2019: around € 338 per month). The Human Development Index (HDI) is classified as high at 0.724 for 2010. In 2017, 7,986 people or 6.5% of the population were registered as permanent employees; 42.3% of the population had an income of half the minimum wage in 2010. 13,178 families received support through the Bolsa Família social program in October 2019 .

HDI
year				Points
1991			0.526
2000			0.617
2010			0.724

The gross national product per capita in 2016 was R $ 6,672, the community's gross national product was around R $ 800,072 thousand.

Illiteracy rate

Paço do Lumiar had an illiteracy rate of 18.4% in 1991, including early school leavers, which had already fallen to 7.4% in the 2010 census. Around 28.6% of the population in the 2010 census were children and young people up to the age of 15.

Illiteracy rate
year				percent
1991			18.37
2000			12.90
2010			7.37

Ethnic composition

Ethnic groups according to the statistical classification of the IBGE (status 2000 with 76,188 inhabitants, status 2010 with 105,121 inhabitants):

group	Share 2000	Share 2010	annotation
Pardos	47,882	▲ 66,899	Mixed races, mulattos , mestizos
Brancos	21,147	▲ 25,427	Whites, descendants of Europeans
Pretus	6,018	▲ 11,758	black
Amarelos	240	▲ 984	Asians
Indigenous people	275	▼ 52	indigenous population
without specification	626	-

sons and daughters of the town

• Benedito Araújo (* 1963), Catholic clergyman, Bishop of Guajará-Mirim

Web links

Commons : Paço do Lumiar  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• City Prefecture website , Prefeitura Municipal (Brazilian Portuguese)
• City Council website , Câmara Municipal (Brazilian Portuguese)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Paço do Lumiar - Panorama. In: cidades.ibge.gov.br. IBGE , accessed on November 17, 2019 (pt-WP). 
2. ↑ Climate data , accessed November 17, 2019.
3. ↑ Domingos Dutra 65 (Prefeito). In: todapolitica.com. Eleições 2016, accessed November 17, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
4. ↑ Bloqueio dos bens de Bia Venâncio é solicitado pelo Ministério Público. In: g1.globo.com. G1, September 24, 2013, accessed November 17, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
5. ↑ Prefeita será monitorada por tornozeleira no Maranhão. In: veja.abril.com.br. VEJA, September 21, 2012, accessed November 17, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
6. ^ Justiça condena ex-prefeito do MA por crimes contra a Lei de Licitações. In: g1.globo.com. G1, March 8, 2016, accessed November 17, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
7. ↑ ^{a b} Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humao no Brasil: Paço do Lumiar, MA . Retrieved November 17, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese).
8. ↑ Paço do Lumiar - Panorama - Trabalho e rendimento. In: cidades.ibge.gov.br. IBGE , accessed November 17, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
9. ↑ Relatório do Bolsa Família e Cadastro Único: Paço do Lumiar / MA , accessed on November 17, 2019 (database query, Brazilian Portuguese).
10. ↑ Paço do Lumiar - Produto Interno Bruto dos Municípios. In: cidades.ibge.gov.br. IBGE , accessed November 17, 2019 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
11. ↑ IBGE : Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática - SIDRA: Tabela 2093. Retrieved on November 17, 2019 (Portuguese, database query, search terms Paço do Lumiar (MA) and Cor ou raça).