Graziadio Isaia Ascoli

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Graziadio Isaia Ascoli

Graziadio Isaia Ascoli (born July 16, 1829 in Gorizia , Kingdom of Illyria , † January 21, 1907 in Milan ) was an Italian linguist and orientalist .

Live and act

Without having received a formal higher education, he wrote his first important work on the languages ​​of the Orient as an autodidact in 1854 . In 1860 he became professor of linguistics at the Accademia scientifico-letteraria in Milan and set up new research areas for comparative literature , Romance studies and Sanskrit .

His findings were particularly important in researching the relationship between Indo-European and Semitic languages . He also did pioneering research into the Roma and Sinti languages and the Celtic languages .

In Italy he is best known for his studies of the Italian dialects and dialects , which he systematically classified for the first time . Here he rejected the Italian language question ( questione della lingua ) the Florentine -influenced standard language propagated by Manzoni and advocated a balancing of the dialects. In the German-speaking area, his work on phonetic change in the Indo-European languages ​​and his results as a Romance scholar have received particular attention. In 1873 he founded the linguistic journal Archivio glottologico italiano . To record the dialects, he developed a phonetic alphabet , which later by Eduard Böhmer has evolved and is now known as the "Bohemian-Asoli". It is widely used in Romance studies and is a counterpart to the Germanic Teuthonista .

He had been a member of the Accademia dei Lincei in Rome since 1875 and of the Accademia della Crusca since 1895. In 1876 he was accepted as a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences . In 1887 he was elected by the Prussian Academy of Sciences and in 1895 by the Royal Science and Literature Society in Gothenburg as its corresponding member. From 1906 he was a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . In 1889 he was appointed to the Senato della Repubblica .

Honors

literature

Web links

Commons : Graziadio Isaia Ascoli  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Membership catalog of the academy
  2. Member entry of Graziado Isaia Ascoli at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , accessed on December 16, 2016.
  3. Entry on the website of the order