Graziadio Isaia Ascoli
Graziadio Isaia Ascoli (born July 16, 1829 in Gorizia , Kingdom of Illyria , † January 21, 1907 in Milan ) was an Italian linguist and orientalist .
Live and act
Without having received a formal higher education, he wrote his first important work on the languages of the Orient as an autodidact in 1854 . In 1860 he became professor of linguistics at the Accademia scientifico-letteraria in Milan and set up new research areas for comparative literature , Romance studies and Sanskrit .
His findings were particularly important in researching the relationship between Indo-European and Semitic languages . He also did pioneering research into the Roma and Sinti languages and the Celtic languages .
In Italy he is best known for his studies of the Italian dialects and dialects , which he systematically classified for the first time . Here he rejected the Italian language question ( questione della lingua ) the Florentine -influenced standard language propagated by Manzoni and advocated a balancing of the dialects. In the German-speaking area, his work on phonetic change in the Indo-European languages and his results as a Romance scholar have received particular attention. In 1873 he founded the linguistic journal Archivio glottologico italiano . To record the dialects, he developed a phonetic alphabet , which later by Eduard Böhmer has evolved and is now known as the "Bohemian-Asoli". It is widely used in Romance studies and is a counterpart to the Germanic Teuthonista .
He had been a member of the Accademia dei Lincei in Rome since 1875 and of the Accademia della Crusca since 1895. In 1876 he was accepted as a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences . In 1887 he was elected by the Prussian Academy of Sciences and in 1895 by the Royal Science and Literature Society in Gothenburg as its corresponding member. From 1906 he was a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . In 1889 he was appointed to the Senato della Repubblica .
Honors
- Award of Bopp Foundation (1874)
- Pour le Mérite (1905)
literature
- Tristano Bolelli: ASCOLI, Graziadio Isaia. In: Alberto M. Ghisalberti (Ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 4: Arconati-Bacaredda. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1962.
- Pier Gabriele Goidànich: ASCOLI, Graziadio Isaia . In: Enciclopedia Italiana , Rome 1929 ( online at treccani.it )
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Ascoli, Grazian Isaia . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 1st part. University printing house L. C. Zamarski (formerly JP Sollinger), Vienna 1856, p. 76 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Ascoli Graziadio Isaia. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 1, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1957, p. 32.
- Federico Spiess: Graziadio Isaia Ascoli. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . October 19, 2001 , accessed March 27, 2020 .
- Jürgen Storost, 300 years of Romance languages and literatures at the Berlin Academy of Sciences , Frankfurt a. M .: Lang, 2000, part 1, pp. 256-263.
Web links
- Short biography of the estate in the Biblioteca Corsiniana
- Inventory of the estate
- Entry in the Senatori d'Italia II database . Senatori dell'Italia liberale of the Archivio Storico of the Italian Senate
- Àscoli, Graziadio Isaia. In: Enciclopedie on line. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome.
- Publications by and about Graziadio Isaia Ascoli in the Helveticat catalog of the Swiss National Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ Membership catalog of the academy
- ↑ Member entry of Graziado Isaia Ascoli at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , accessed on December 16, 2016.
- ↑ Entry on the website of the order
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Ascoli, Graziadio |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Ascoli, Graziadio Isaia |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian linguist |
DATE OF BIRTH | July 16, 1829 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Gorizia , Illyria |
DATE OF DEATH | January 21, 1907 |
Place of death | Milan , Italy |