Great stone graves at Gehmkendorf
| Great stone graves at Gehmkendorf Large stone graves near Remlin, large stone graves near Klein Wüstenfelde | |||
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| Coordinates | Gehmkendorf 1 , Gehmkendorf 2 | ||
| place | Jördenstorf , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Germany | ||
| Emergence | 3500 to 2800 BC Chr. | ||
| Sprockhoff no. | 393-394 | ||
The megalithic graves near Gehmkendorf (also megalithic graves near Remlin or megalithic graves near Klein Wüstenfelde ) were three megalithic graves of the Neolithic funnel cup culture near Klein Wüstenfelde , a district of Jördenstorf in the Rostock district ( Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ). Today there is only one grave. The preserved grave 1 bears the Sprockhoff number 393 and the destroyed grave 2 the number 394.
Location and naming
Originally there were at least six large stone graves between Remlin , Klein Wüstenfelde, Gehmkendorf and Schwasdorf , of which only two still exist today. The graves were named and numbered differently by different authors. In the following, the system will be adopted by Schuldt. The Grab Gehmkendorf 1 is a good 2 km north of Gehmkendorf. Grave 2 was located about 540 m to the southeast. Both locations are actually in the area of Klein Wüstenfelde, but Schuldt ran both facilities under Gehmkendorf. The situation was similar with grave Gehmkendorf 3, which was probably northwest of grave 1 in the Remlin area on the road to Schwasdorf. 250 m northwest of grave 1 is the still preserved large stone grave Schwasdorf .
| MJB | Sprockhoff | Schuldt / Beier | List of monuments | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | Remlin 2 (393) | Gehmkendorf 1 | Klein Wüstenfelde 2 | |
| - | Remlin 3 (394) | Walking village 2 | Klein Wüstenfelde 2 (?) | destroyed |
| Remlin 1 | Remlin 4 | Walking village 3 | - | destroyed |
| Remlin 2 | - | Remlin 1 | - | destroyed |
| Remlin 3 | - | Remlin 2 | - | destroyed |
| - | Remlin 1 (392) | Schwasdorf | Klein Wüstenfelde 1 |
History of research and destruction
Grave 3 was destroyed in the 1840s, but could still be examined by Friedrich Franz Elias von Kardorff and Johann Ritter in 1843 . Ernst Sprockhoff documented graves 1 and 2 on April 6, 1933 for his atlas of the megalithic graves of Germany. Grave 2 was demolished in 1971.
description
Grave 1
Grave 1 is in poor condition. It has a flat mound with a length of 17 m and a width of 13 m. There are several large stones on the hill, the original position of which cannot be precisely determined. A stone is likely to be a capstone. The exact location, size and type of the burial chamber are unclear.
Grave 2
During his investigation, Sprockhoff was able to determine a north-east-south-west oriented burial chamber. No stone was left in situ . On the north-western long side three dragged or displaced wall stones were still preserved. Two wall stones on the south-eastern long side had fallen outwards. Of the two remaining capstones, one was carried away and the other fell inside the chamber. The width of the chamber was about 1.70 m. Since the end stones were missing on the narrow sides, the length of the chamber could no longer be determined. Ewald Schuldt classified the grave as a large dolmen .
Grave 3
Grave 3 had a north-south oriented rectangular barn bed 80 feet (24 m) long and 34 feet (10 m) wide. The mound was 5 feet (1.50 m) high in the north and 3 feet (0.90 m) in the south. The stone enclosure was largely intact in 1843, only a few stones had already been carried away on the northern narrow side.
In the middle of the barrow was the north-south oriented burial chamber. They were 20 feet (6 m) long and 6 feet (1.80 m) wide. The chamber was built from boulders 7–9 feet (2.10–2.70 m) high. The chamber had four cap stones, one of which measured 2.60 × 1.50 × 1.20 m. The spaces between the wall stones were filled with dry stone masonry made of red sandstone . According to Ewald Schuldt, the complex is a passage grave .
The bottom of the chamber consisted of a layer of dam stones. There was a layer of clay on top. A layer of dam stones was also found outside between the long sides of the chamber and the enclosure. On the narrow sides, the chamber was divided into quarters by sandstone slabs set vertically into the ground. The chamber was filled to the ceiling with a mixture of clay and stones. Finds occurred only in the clay layer. These included skeletal remains, a Kugelamphore , shards of a second Kugelamphore and other vessels, a wooden club , remains of amber jewelry and blades or deductions from flint . From these finds only the spherical amphora has survived. Today it is owned by the Archaeological State Museum Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in Schwerin .
literature
- Hans-Jürgen Beier : The megalithic, submegalithic and pseudomegalithic buildings as well as the menhirs between the Baltic Sea and the Thuringian Forest. Contributions to the prehistory and early history of Central Europe 1. Wilkau-Haßlau 1991, p. 36.
- Robert Beltz : The Stone Age sites in Meklenburg. In: Yearbook of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. Volume 64, 1899, p. 97 ( online ).
- Robert Beltz: The prehistoric antiquities of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Complete list of the finds preserved in the Grand Ducal Museum in Schwerin. Text tape. Reimer, Berlin 1910, p. 117, plate 17/158 ( online ).
- Friedrich Franz Elias von Kardorff , Johann Ritter : Hünengrab von Remlin near Gnoyen, No. 1. In: Year book of the association for Mecklenburg history and antiquity. Volume 9, 1844, pp. 362-365 ( online ).
- Ingeburg Nilius : The Neolithic in Mecklenburg at the time and with special consideration of the funnel cup culture (= contributions to the prehistory and early history of the districts of Rostock, Schwerin and Neubrandenburg. Volume 5). Museum of Prehistory and Early History, Schwerin 1971, p. 103, no. 99.
- Ewald Schuldt : The Mecklenburg megalithic graves. Research on their architecture and function. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1972, p. 138.
- Ernst Sprockhoff : Atlas of the megalithic tombs of Germany. Part 2: Mecklenburg - Brandenburg - Pomerania. Rudolf-Habelt Verlag, Bonn 1967, pp. 29-30.
Web links
- The Megalithic Portal: Grave 1 (Remlin 2) , Grave 2 (Remlin 3)
- KLEKs Online: Grave 1 , Grave 2
- tw.strahl.org: Grave 1 (Remlin 2)