Large stone graves near Wüstenfelde
| Large stone graves near Wüstenfelde | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|||
| Coordinates | 53 ° 56 '21.3 " N , 13 ° 7' 35.5" E | ||
| place | Loitz , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Germany | ||
| Emergence | 3500 to 2800 BC Chr. | ||
| Sprockhoff no. | 568-569 | ||
The megalithic graves near Wüstenfelde were three megalithic tombs from the Neolithic funnel cup culture near Wüstenfelde , a district of Loitz in the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald ( Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ). They were probably destroyed in the late 19th or early 20th century. The existence of the graves was recorded by hand in the 1820s by Friedrich von Hagenow . His notes were published by Hansdieter Berlekamp in 1961 . Floor plans and find reports are available for two systems. These two graves were excavated by Baron von Boenigk around 1884 and have the Sprockhoff numbers 568 and 569. The found objects first came to Stettin and are now in the Pomeranian State Museum in Greifswald .
location
Graves 1 and 2 were in the southwest corner of Feldmark Wüstenfelde and only stood about 20 paces (approx. 15 m). separated from each other. The exact location of the third grave is not known. There were once numerous other large stone graves in the area, for example to the north near Zeitlow and south near Quitzerow and Pensin . The next remaining structures are the megalithic graves at Sophienhof, 4 km to the east .
The Wüstenfelde complex was part of a larger group of megalithic tombs that stretched southwest of Greifswald between Dargelin in the east and Düvier in the west.
description
Grave 1
Grave 1 had an east-west oriented trapezoidal barn bed with stone surrounds on three sides. The western narrow side was open. The eastern narrow side consisted of three stones. There were two large guardian stones in front of them. The megalithic bed had a length of 60 paces (approx. 49 m) and a width of 6 paces (approx. 5 m). At the eastern end, the burial chamber, which was a large dolmen , stood across the bed . In von Hagenow's photo, at least three wall stones on the eastern long side, a narrow wall stone on the southern narrow side (which probably left the entrance free) and two cap stones were preserved.
Von Boenigk was able to identify human skeletal remains. Among the grave goods he found a bowl of the funnel cup culture or the spherical amphora culture , three decorated shards of the funnel cup culture , two pig tusks and two worked bones, probably from sheep .
Grave 2
Grave 2 had a north-west-south-east oriented, slightly trapezoidal barn bed with stone surrounds on three sides. The north-western narrow side was open. The south-eastern narrow side consisted of three stones. The megalithic bed had a length of 50 paces (approx. 40 m) and a width of 10 paces (approx. 8 m). At the southeast end stood the burial chamber, which was a large dolmen. The chamber probably had three pairs of wall stones on the long sides, but von Hagenow's drawing shows only three stones on the southeast and two on the northwest side. The two end stones on the narrow sides and the three cap stones were also preserved. The south-western end stone seems to have only half covered the narrow side and probably left the entrance free.
The chamber was made of clay and sandstone slabs . It was divided into quarters by upright panels. There were also extensions made of small blocks and slabs.
Von Boenigk was also able to detect human skeletal remains at this facility. Among the additions he found a wart cup from the spherical amphora culture, a fragment of a spherical amphora and seven undecorated shards that probably belonged to two or three vessels of the funnel cup culture. It is unclear whether a flint ax and a flint blade belonged to them, as the exact location was not noted.
Grave 3
All that is known about grave 3 is that, like the other two structures, it was a trapezoidal or rectangular barren bed with a large dolmen.
literature
- Hans-Jürgen Beier : The megalithic, submegalithic and pseudomegalithic buildings as well as the menhirs between the Baltic Sea and the Thuringian Forest. Contributions to the prehistory and early history of Central Europe 1. Wilkau-Haßlau 1991, p. 27.
- Hansdieter Berlekamp : From the work of Friedrich von Hagenow. In: Greifswald-Stralsund yearbook. Volume 1, 1961, pp. 9-18.
- Otto Kunkel : Pomeranian prehistory in pictures. Saunier, Stettin 1931, p. 26.
- Ingeburg Nilius : The Neolithic in Mecklenburg at the time and with special consideration of the funnel cup culture (= contributions to the prehistory and early history of the districts of Rostock, Schwerin and Neubrandenburg. Volume 5). Museum of Prehistory and Early History, Schwerin 1971, p. 105.
- Ewald Schuldt : The Mecklenburg megalithic graves. Research on their architecture and function. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1972, p. 133.
- Ernst Sprockhoff : Atlas of the megalithic tombs of Germany. Part 2: Mecklenburg - Brandenburg - Pomerania. Rudolf-Habelt Verlag, Bonn 1967, pp. 88-90.
- Emil Walter : The Stone Age vessels in the Szczecin Museum. In: Society for Pomeranian history and antiquity (ed.): Contributions to the history and antiquity of Pomerania. Festschrift for the twenty-fifth anniversary of the grammar school director Professor H. Lemcke as chairman of the Society for Pomeranian History and Archeology. Herrcke & Lebeling, Stettin 1898, p. 8.
