Guillaume Dubois
Guillaume Dubois (born September 6, 1656 in Brive-la-Gaillarde in Limousin , † August 10, 1723 in Versailles ) was a French cardinal and minister under the reign of Philippe II. De Bourbon , the Duke of Orléans.
Live and act
As the son of a respected doctor and pharmacy owner, he received a scholarship at the Collège St. Michel in Paris in 1672 and, after having been a tutor in various places and on the recommendation of the dean of St. Michel, Antoine Faure, with whom he had a very good relationship used to be tutor of Duke Philip of Chartres , later Duke of Orléans, whose marriage to the daughter of Louis XIV of Madame de Montespan was his work. The king gave him the Abbey of St. Just for this. Liselotte von der Pfalz , Philip's mother, resented this marriage for life, however, because she could not stand the bride as a "bastard from double adultery" and as a clumsy and lazy girl.
After the Duke of Orléans was appointed Prince-Regent, raised to the Council of State in 1715, he proved himself to be a clever and cunning diplomat; It was primarily he who, through his old friendship with James Stanhope, operated an alliance between France and Great Britain, as well as the so-called triple alliance against Spain on August 2, 1718 (after the accession of the emperor's quadruple alliance ) came about through his mediation ( war of the quadruple alliance ).
Elevated to Minister for Foreign Affairs, he thwarted the Cellamare conspiracy and overthrew the Spanish Minister Giulio Alberoni . Pope Innocent XIII. he proved so obliging that he became archbishop of Cambrai in 1720 and cardinal in 1721. The assembly of the French clergy elected him president in 1723. Raised first Minister of State in 1722, he developed a great activity and was able to keep the French people in peace for a long time, but also used his power to amass wealth and competed in the worst debauchery with the court of the regent. From 1722 he was a member of the Académie française (Fauteuil 28). On December 16, 1722 he was elected honorary member of the Académie des Sciences .
The Mémoires published under Dubois' name are spurious.
Web links
- Short biography and list of works of the Académie française (French)
- Works by and about Guillaume Dubois in the German Digital Library
- Dubois, Guillaume. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed March 23, 2017.
- Entry on Guillaume Dubois on catholic-hierarchy.org ; accessed on March 23, 2017.
Individual evidence
- ^ List of members since 1666: Letter D. Académie des sciences, accessed on November 8, 2019 (French).
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Nicolas du Blé, marquis d'Huxelles |
Foreign Minister of France September 24, 1718-10. August 1723 |
Charles Jean-Baptiste Fleuriau, comte de Morville |
| Joseph-Emmanuel de La Trémoille |
Archbishop of Cambrai 1720–1723 |
Louis Charles de Saint-Albin |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Dubois, Guillaume |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French cardinal and minister under the reign of the Duke of Orléans |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 6, 1656 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Brive-la-Gaillarde , Limousin |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 10, 1723 |
| Place of death | Versailles |