Guillaume Legrant

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Guillaume Legrant (* around 1380, † after 1450) was a French composer and cleric of the early Renaissance .

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For Guillaume Legrant, music historical research could only approximately determine the year of birth and death; the respective date and place of birth and death are still unknown. His original name was Guillaume Lemacherier . At the Sainte-Chapelle of the Duke of Berry in Bourges , he worked as a cleric from 1405 to 1410, and from 1407 as a chaplain . In Bourges, the composer also met Johannes Cesaris , Johannes de Bosquet († 1406), Paullet, Pierre Fontaine and Nicholas Grenon . Some music historians suspect that he was in Constance in 1417 on the occasion of the council there . From 1418 to 1421 he has been a member of the papal chapel of Pope Martin V. detectable. He then worked in the diocese of Rouen as a beneficiary and was in the service of Duke Charles of Orléans . One of the mass parts he composed , a Credo , was written during this time (1426). Legrant owned several benefices in the Diocese of Rouen, one of which he still held in 1449. For the time after that, no more information about him has come down to us.

meaning

The traditional works of Legrant consist of sacred and secular compositions. Some of them may already have been created in Bourges. His Gloria and the two Credos alternately have two or three voices. They are among the earliest known compositions that distinguish between solo and choral performance. The four existing chansons are all Virelais and come from a single source.

Legrant's sacred works are syllabically and rhythmically simple in their declamation . They followed the practice around 1410 to 1420, alternating between high and two-part solo chants ( unus ) on the one hand and lower-lying three-part tutti parts ( chorus ). In the voice guidance, chromatic courses in the sense of the Musica ficta (through additional accidentals) and musical transverse positions are noticeable and are thus reminiscent of Guillaume Dufay's fair movements from the 1420s. This tendency towards chromatic voice guidance is also evident in the Virelais “Ma chiere”, “Pour l'amour” and “Or avant” with their rustic texts in the style of the Robert-et-Marion plays or the chanson rustique . In the Virelai “Or avant”, the homophonic style and the accentuated folklore are animated by means of parlando tone repetitions with rhythmic imitation . In contrast, the courtly Virelai “La douce fleur” contains a more complicated counterpoint .

Works

  • Sacred works (vocal music)
    • Gloria to three votes
    • Credo to three voices (dated 1426)
    • Credo to three votes
  • Secular works (vocal music)
    • Virelai "La doulce flour" with three votes (anonymous, with the acrostic poem "LE GRANT GUILLAUME")
    • Virelai “Ma chiere mestresse” to three votes
    • Virelai “Or avant, gentilz fillettes” with three votes
    • Virelai “Pour l'amour de mon bel amy” with three votes
    • Contatenor to “A son plaisir” by Pierre Fontaine with three voices
    • Textless piece (Rondeau?) in keyboard arrangement for three voices from the Lochamer songbook and the Buxheimer organ book

Literature (selection)

  • M. Schuler: On the history of the chapel of Pope Martin V , in: Archive for Musicology No. 25, 1968, pp. 30–45
  • P. Higgins: Music and Musicians at the Sainte-Chapelle of the Bourges Palace, 1405-1415 , in: Congress report of the International Musicological Society 1987, Volume 3, Turin 1990, pp 689-701
  • Reinhard Strohm: The Rise of European Music, 1380–1500 , Cambridge 1993
  • David Fallows: A Catalog of Polyphonic Songs, 1415-1480 , Oxford 1999

Web links

swell

  1. ↑ Reinhard Strohm: Legrant, Guillaume , in: Ludwig Finscher (ed.), The Music in Past and Present , second edition, personal section, Volume 10 (Kem-Ler), Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel et al. 2003, ISBN 3-7618- 1120-9 , columns 1481-1482
  2. ↑ Marc Honegger, Günther Massenkeil : The Great Lexicon of Music , Volume 5, Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1981, ISBN 3-451-18055-3
  3. ^ The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians , edited by Stanley Sadie, 2nd Edition, Volume 14, McMillan Publishers, London 2001, ISBN 0-333-60800-3
personal data
SURNAME Legrant, Guillaume
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Le Macherier, Guillaume; Gran guielmo, Guillaume
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French composer of the early Renaissance
DATE OF BIRTH around 1380
DATE OF DEATH after 1450