Gustav Frölich (agricultural scientist)

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Georg Gustav Adolf Frölich (born February 2, 1879 in Oker , † August 23, 1940 in Dummerstorf ) was a German agricultural scientist, animal breeder and feeding expert.

Live and act

He attended primary school in Oker and high school in Goslar , began technical studies in Braunschweig after graduating from high school in 1897 and soon switched to agriculture. He also studied at the Agricultural Academy in Poppelsdorf , the University of Göttingen and the dairy school in Hameln. During his studies in 1897 he became a member of the Marchia Bonn fraternity and the Alemannia Göttingen fraternity . He graduated in 1900 as a qualified farmer and with the examination as an agriculture teacher, followed in 1903 the examination as animal breeding inspector. In 1904 he did his doctorate at the University of Göttingen under Conrad von Seelhorst with a business administration topic to the Dr. phil.

From 1905 to 1909 Frölich was the seed breeding manager on the domain Friedrichswerth b. Gotha with Eduard Meyer and involved in the breeding of the Friedrichswerther Berg-Winterbarste variety . He also got to know the then important noble pig breeding there. This was followed by a year-long activity as general secretary of the main agricultural and forestry association in Göttingen. In 1910 Frölich became professor for animal breeding and agricultural taxation at the University of Jena , and in 1912 he was given the chair for general agriculture and animal breeding at the University of Göttingen .

In October 1915, Frölich began as a professor of animal breeding at the Agricultural Institute of the University of Halle-Wittenberg . In 1918 study trips took him to Turkestan , Southwest and South Africa . In 1920 he was appointed director of the newly formed institute for animal breeding and dairy in Halle. The Prussian domain Lettin b. Hall / S. (200 ha) an experimental farm for animal breeding, animal husbandry, animal feeding, feed production and preservation. In the years that followed, many publications were made for the “Kühn Archive” on these areas of work with cattle, sheep and pigs. The domain Lettin had important breeding herds of the races "German white noble pig" and "Cornwall". In 1929/30 the "State-approved fattening test institute for pigs Lettin (Saxony-Anhalt)" was opened, which was responsible for the provinces of Saxony and Kurhessen as well as for Anhalt until 1943.

As early as 1937, the Reich government had plans to establish an institute for animal breeding research as part of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society for the Promotion of Science. The choice finally fell on Gut Dummerstorf b. Rostock with an area of ​​about 1,000 hectares. Frölich took part in the operational and breeding concepts, was appointed director of this institute on July 1, 1939 and moved to Dummerstorf four months later. He was no longer able to work on the tasks to improve the fat production of the Holstein cattle and the introduction of artificial insemination in cattle, as he died on August 28, 1940.

Before 1933, Frölich's political position was characterized by his membership in the Pan-German Association and the German National People's Party (DNVP). As rector of the University of Halle and chairman of the German Rectors' Conference in 1933, he "maneuvered carefully but in vain to avert National Socialist interference in the university system." In 1933 Frölich became a sponsoring member of the SS. In 1937 he joined the NSDAP, in 1938 he was appointed to the German Reichsbauernrat .

Frölich was a fully trained farmer. His great achievement lay in the 24 years of working as an animal breeding professor in Halle, where he shaped a whole generation of graduated farmers who were able to successfully apply their knowledge in practice, administration, associations and science. The latter included Heinz Henseler, Joachim-Friedrich Langlet, Max Witt and Heinrich Lüthge. Wolf Herre , Werner Wussow, Fritz Haring , Joachim Hans Less, Hans-Rüdiger Schumm, Martin Tegtmeyer, Heinz Brandsch and Helmuth Pfeiffer emerged from the “Halle School” .

Main work (selection)

  • About the so-called circulating working capital: a contribution to the economics of agriculture. Diss. At the Phil. Fac. Göttingen, 1904;
  • Instructions for horse breeding on farms. Revised by F. Oldenburg, 3rd. Ed. By Gustav Frölich, Berlin: Parey, 1917, Thaer-Bibliothek, vol. 102; 4. rework. Ed., 1920, 5th revised. Ed., 1922;
  • Horse breeding textbook. 6. completely reworked. Edition of Schwarzneckers horse breeding, Berlin: Paul Parey, 1926;
  • The Institute for Animal Breeding and Dairy Science at the University of Halle (Saale), the pet garden, the collections, the dairy laboratory and the experimental estate, Domain Lettin near Halle (Saale): An overview of the teaching and research resources used in animal breeding. Halle (Saale): Thiele, 1927;
  • Wool science: formation and properties of wool. With Walter Spöttel and Ernst Tänzer, Berlin: Julius Springer, 1929;
  • Organization and promotion of animal breeding. Festschrift for the 75th anniversary of the agricultural institutes of the Univ. Halle / Wittenberg. Berlin: Parey, 1938, Kühn Archive, Vol. 49.
  • The changes in the Karakul Persian fleece during dressing. With Wolf Herre and Hans Hornitschek. Berlin: Parey, 1938, Kühn Archive Vol. 4;
  • The Angora performance tests: tasks, development and goals according to d. Results of two years of experimental work in this area in the Animal Breeding Inst. d. Univ. Hall. With Martin Tegtmeyer. Berlin: Parey, 1938, Kühn Archive, Vol. 51, Issue 1;
  • Festschrift: Professor Gustav Frölich on his 60th birthday. Berlin: Parey, 1939, Kühn archive, vol. 52, 486 p .;
  • Modern breeding, keeping and feeding of domestic animals. Edited by Anna Charlotte Frölich, Berlin: Pfennigsdorff, 1944;

Awards and memberships

  • 1924 member of the Leopoldina
  • from July 1932 to May 1933 rector of the University of Halle-Wittenberg
  • 1932 Chairman of the German Rectors' Conference
  • 1932 Hermann von Nathusius Medal in Gold from the German Society for Breeding Science ( DGfZ )
  • Appointment to the state farmers' council of the state farming community of Saxony-Anhalt
  • 1938 Appointment to the German Reichsbauernrat
  • Name giver for Gustav-Frölich-Allee in the municipality of Dummerstorf

literature

  • Theophil Gerber: personalities from agriculture, forestry, horticulture and veterinary medicine. Biographical Lexicon. NORA Verlagsgemeinschaft Dyck & Westerheide, Berlin, 3rd ext. Ed., 2008, ISBN 3-936735-67-0 , p. 214
  • Catalog of professors from the University of Halle-Wittenberg
  • Werner Wussow: "Frölich, Gustav", in: Neue Deutsche Biographie 5 (1961), p. 651 f. [Online version]; URL: http://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119512270.html
  • Ingo König: Reproductive research in the research center for TP Dummerstorf - example of a complex research process in the GDR Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Lecture on the X. John Desmond Bernal Day, December 1st and 2nd, 2012 in Berlin
  • Helmut Dietzel and Rudolf Hüwe: professors of agriculture as rectors of the University of Halle. In: Faculty messenger of the Society for the Promotion of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences at the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg. ISSN  1860-4684 , 2007, 1, pp. 35-47
  • Hartmut Boettcher : Pig breeding in Lettin near Halle an der Saale (Saxony-Anhalt). In: "Archive Pig Breeding, Regions" on the homepage of the Central German Pig Breeding Association. V.
  • Henrik Eberle : The Martin Luther University in the time of National Socialism. Mdv, Halle 2002, p. 410 f. ISBN 3-89812-150-X .
  • Michael Grüttner : Biographical Lexicon on National Socialist Science Policy (= Studies on Science and University History. Volume 6). Synchron, Heidelberg 2004, ISBN 3-935025-68-8 , p. 54.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Willy Nolte (Ed.): Burschenschafter Stammrolle. List of the members of the German Burschenschaft according to the status of the summer semester 1934. Berlin 1934, p. 131.
  2. ↑ Professor Catalog Halle
  3. ↑ a b Michael Grüttner : Biographical Lexicon on National Socialist Science Policy (= Studies on Science and University History. Volume 6). Synchron, Heidelberg 2004, ISBN 3-935025-68-8 , p. 54.
  4. ↑ Henrik Eberle, The Martin Luther University in the Time of National Socialism, Halle 2002, p. 411.
  5. ↑ Professors of Agriculture as Rectors of the Univ. Hall
  6. ↑ Honors from the German Society for Breeding Science
personal data
SURNAME Happy, Gustav
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Frölich, Georg Gustav Adolf (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German agricultural scientist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH February 2, 1879
PLACE OF BIRTH Oker near Goslar
DATE OF DEATH August 23, 1940
Place of death Dummerstorf b. Rostock