Hanging catchfly

Hanging catchfly
	Hanging catchfly ( Silene pendula ), illustration
Systematics
Order :	Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family :	Carnation family (Caryophyllaceae)
Subfamily :	Caryophylloideae
Tribe :	Sileneae
Genre :	Glue herbs ( Silene )
Type :	Hanging catchfly
Scientific name
	Silene pendula
	L.

The pendant campion ( Silene pendula called L.), also Nottingham Catchfly, is a plant from the genus of Silene ( Silene ) in the family of Caryophyllaceae (Caryophyllaceae). It is native to Italy, but occurs as a neophyte in some areas around the world . However, it must not be confused with the nodding catchfly ( Silene nutans L.).

description

Vegetative characteristics

The hanging catchfly grows as an annual , herbaceous plant that can reach heights of 15 to 45 centimeters. The developed taproot is thin. Each plant forms several creeping to upright, branched and leafy stems. The often sparsely hairy stems are sticky at the bottom.

At each node of the stem there are two opposing, sitting leaves . The simple leaf blade is obovate to spatulate and has a blunt upper end. The sessile leaves at the base of the stem are 2 to 5 centimeters long and 0.2 to 2 centimeters wide and have an egg-shaped to lanceolate leaf blade with a pointed upper end. The top of the leaf is sparsely hairy, while the underside of the leaf is more densely hairy ( indument ).

Generative characteristics

The flowering time of the hanging cymes is in North America in the early summer. The flowers stand together individually in the axes of the bracts and in cluster-shaped inflorescences . The flower stalks, finely covered with stalked glandular hairs ( trichomes ), are usually shorter than the calyx . They stand upright at anthesis and are strongly curved at the base when fruit ripe.

The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five paper-like sepals are 1.3 to 1.8 centimeters in length and are obovate to club-shaped and fused together. The calyx has ten conspicuous, green or purple colored nerves with paler fibers and sparse hair. The five triangular calyx teeth are around 2 millimeters long and have a blunt tip. The five light pink, inverted triangular petals are 0.7 to 1.1 centimeters long and divided into two different, egg-shaped lobes with two appendages each. The appendages are shorter than 1 millimeter and have a pointed upper end. There are two circles with five stamens each and three stigmas .

The ovoid-conical capsule fruits open with six teeth. The carpophor is 3 to 6 millimeters in size. The dark brown colored seeds are 1.3 to 1.5 millimeters in size and broadly kidney-shaped. On the surface of the seed there are flat humps arranged in semicircles that become larger towards the edges.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.

Occurrence

The natural range of the hanging cymes lies in Italy, Greece and Egypt. The hanging catchfly occurs as a neophyte in some areas of Central, Eastern and Southwestern Europe, North America, southern South America, South Africa and New Zealand . These occurrences go back to cultural refugees.

The hanging catchfly thrives in North America along paths at altitudes from 0 to 2900 meters.

Systematics

The first publication of Silene pendula was in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum , Volume 1, pp. 418-419. A synonym for Silene pendula L. is Silene cisplatensis Cambess.

use

The hanging catchfly is planted as an ornamental plant and is considered to be very persistent. Sometimes it is used to seed roadsides.

swell

Richard K. Rabeler, Ronald L. Hartman: Caryophyllaceae . Silene . In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 2. Volume 5. Oxford University Press, New York a. a. 2005, ISBN 0-19-522211-3 , Silene pendula (English, Silene pendula - online - this work is online with the same text). (Section description, distribution and systematics)

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b Silene pendula in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Richard K. Rabeler, Ronald L. Hartman: Caryophyllaceae . Silene . In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 2. Volume 5. Oxford University Press, New York a. a. 2005, ISBN 0-19-522211-3 , Silene pendula (English, Silene pendula - online - this work is online with the same text). (Section description, distribution and systematics)
↑ Karol Marhold: Cariophyllaceae . Silene pendula . In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011.
↑ Silene pendula at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 14, 2014.

Web links

Commons : Hanging catchfly ( Silene pendula ) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

[GRIN-1] A ^b Silene pendula in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved August 14, 2014.

[FNA-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Richard K. Rabeler, Ronald L. Hartman: Caryophyllaceae . Silene . In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 2. Volume 5. Oxford University Press, New York a. a. 2005, ISBN 0-19-522211-3 , Silene pendula (English, Silene pendula - online - this work is online with the same text). (Section description, distribution and systematics)

[Euro+Med-3] Karol Marhold: Cariophyllaceae . Silene pendula . In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011.

[Tropicos-4] Silene pendula at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 14, 2014.