Hünenburg Hemeln
| Hünenburg Hemeln | ||
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 The wall of the plant, on the right the interior |
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| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall, ramparts | |
| Place: | Hemeln | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 30 '50.2 " N , 9 ° 36' 23.5" E | |
| Height: | 345 m above sea level NHN | |
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The Hünenburg Hemeln in Hemeln in southern Lower Saxony Göttingen district is an Outbound , nearly seven hectares large hill fort on the Bramwald situated levying giant head . Based on the dating of the finds, it can be assumed that it was built in the first centuries AD, while its period of use is dated back to the early Middle Ages around the year 800 based on finds . The Wallburg probably served as a refuge to protect the population in times of war.
Geographical location
The Hünenburg Hemeln is located in a spur location on the western slope of the Bramwald between Hemeln in the south and its district Glashütte in the north-northeast, both of which belong to Hann. Münden belong. The extensive area of the former Wallburg is located at around 320 to 370 m above sea level. NHN (mean 345 m ) on the wooded western slope of the Hünenkopf ( 388.5 m ). West, the data is approximately 110 m height from the upper Wesertal extending Weser encircled. About 500 m north-north-west of the Wallburg, the keep ruins are the main remains of the former Bramburg .
description
The uneven, triangular hill fort has the dimensions of about 220 × 440 meters and an area of almost seven hectares. A wall about a kilometer long offered protection. On the flat and easily accessible east side, it is particularly pronounced and provided with a two meter deep and five meter wide pointed ditch . The other three sides, especially the south side towards the Weser Valley, offered natural protection through their steep slopes. The consistently straight course of the rampart on the south side is called the Hünengraben . The only gate was on the south side and faced the town of Hemeln to the south.
Sketch of the location of the Hünenburg Hemeln by Carl Schuchhardt (late 19th century)
The flat wall on the steep south side is barely noticeable
Former gate area on the south side, recognizable as a cut in the embankment
Excavations
The prehistorian Carl Schuchhardt carried out the first archaeological investigations at the end of the 19th century. In 1950 the equipment of a Franconian rider was found in the rampart . These include a double-edged sword , winged lance tips, stirrups and the remains of an iron kettle. In 1966, the Department of Prehistory and Early History at the University of Göttingen undertook an excavation with an excavation cut through the wall and the ditch in front of it. A wood-earth construction with wooden beams and stones was found in the wall, which strengthened the wall. No traces of settlement could be found inside the facility. A radiocarbon dating of charcoal from the wall showed a time from 130 to 470 AD. It is therefore possible to assume that the facility was built in this period of time, while its useful life must have lasted until around the year 800 due to the discovery of the Frankish cavalry equipment.
literature
- Times change , archeology in Hann. Münden, Ed .: City of Hann. Münden, undated
- Klaus Grote : The Hünengraben. An early medieval castle wall in the Weser Valley near Hemeln , in: Guide to prehistoric monuments , Vol. 7, City and District of Kassel, Stuttgart, 1986
- Klaus Grote: Settlements and castles, main courtyards and churches. The Mündener area between 800 and 1100 in: Dug - Found - Salvaged. Archaeological search for traces on the Werra, Fulda and Weser. , Ed. On behalf of the city of Hann. Münden by Johann Dietrich von Pezold, Hann. Münden, 1998
- Helmut Saehrendt: Information about 50 interesting locations for excursions in the Hann. Münden , 2013 ( online )
Web links
- Entry by Stefan Eismann zu Hemeln, Hünenburg in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute