HQ-61

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HQ-61

Double starter with two HQ-61 anti-aircraft missiles on board a Type 053K frigate
Double starter with two HQ-61 anti-aircraft missiles on board a Type 053K frigate

General Information
Type Surface-to-air guided missile system
Local name HQ-61, SD-1
NATO designation CSA-2 or CSA-N-2 (sea-based variant)
Country of origin China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China
Manufacturer Shanghai Academy of Space Technology
development 1966
Commissioning 1986
Working time in service
Technical specifications
length 3.99 m
diameter 286 mm
Combat weight 320 kg
span 1166 mm

First stage drive
Solid rocket engine
speed Do 3
Range 2.5 km - 12 km
Service ceiling 12,000 m
Furnishing
Target location Radio command steering & semi-active radar target search ( SARH )
Warhead 40 kg
Detonator Impact and proximity fuses
Weapon platforms Vehicles, ships
Lists on the subject

The HQ-61 ( Chinese  紅旗 -61  /  红旗 -61 , Pinyin Hóng Qí-61 , in German: Rote Fahne -61 ) is a short / medium-range anti-aircraft missile system with solid propulsion and radar-based target acquisition developed in the People's Republic of China . The system is used to defend against combat aircraft , attack helicopters and cruise missiles . It was developed in the 1960s and was not exported.

development

The People's Liberation Army had in the 1960s, only the HQ-2 - or S-75 -Flugabwehrraketensystem, which was, however, designed to intercept aerial targets in medium to high altitude. Accordingly, the military called for an anti-aircraft missile system for low and medium-level air threats, especially to protect the ground forces from air attacks. The rocket development was first taken up in 1965 by the Beijing-based 2nd Academy of the Seventh Ministry of Mechanical Engineering (now Changfeng Electrical Engineering Office ) under the designation Hongqi-41 . In 1967, the Shanghai- based "Second Bureau for Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Shanghai" (now the Shanghai Academy for Space Technology ) took over the development work, renaming it Hongqi-61. Originally developed for both land-based and ship-based use, the ship-based variant was ultimately given higher priority. The development work suffered considerably under the influence of the Cultural Revolution , so that the first operational naval version of the HQ-61 could not be tested until 1986. Development of the land-based version HQ-61A began in 1976. The associated fire control radar and fire control vehicle were developed at the same time. Production started in 1988.

The system is currently in phase out. It will be replaced by the more powerful systems of the types HQ-7 , HQ-64 and KS-1 .

technology

There are four trapezoidal control surfaces on the rear of the HQ-61A missile and four trapezoidal stabilization surfaces on about half the length of the missile fuselage. The stabilizing surfaces and the rear control surfaces are not in the same geometric plane, but are offset at an angle of 45 degrees. The HQ-61 guided missiles are single-stage missiles with a solid rocket engine . The HQ-61 guided missiles are guided to the target by radio commands after the start. Semi-active target guidance is used for approaching the target .

The launch and transport vehicle is called the RF-61A . This is based on the Yanan SX2150 (6 × 6) truck . A double rocket launcher that can be rotated through 360 ° is mounted on this. The truck is equipped with four hydraulically operated supports that must be lowered before take-off. The fire control radar is installed on a Hong Yan CQ-261 truck. The type 571 fire control radar is a continuous wave radar and works in the C-band . In addition, the missile can be guided to the target without using the radar with the help of a television sight.

A typical HQ-61 battery consists of four RF-61A launch and transport vehicles, a Type 571 fire control radar and a fire control vehicle .

The marine version of the HQ-61 is installed on the frigates of the Jiangdong- class (type 053K) and Jiangwei-class (type 053H2G).

variants

A six-fold launcher for HQ-61M missiles from cylindrical launchers behind the gun turret on board a Jiangwei-class ship
  • HQ-61B: sea-based version with double starter.
  • HQ-61M: modernized sea-based version; Launch of the missile from cylindrical launch containers.
  • HQ-61A: land-based version with double starter on Yanan SX2150 chassis .
  • HQ-61 ARM: anti-radar missile.
  • PL-11 : Air-to-air missile based on the HQ-61.

User states

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ HQ-61 and variants in the Encyclopedia Astronautica (English)
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Tony Cullen & Christopher F. Foss: Jane's Land-based Air-Defense, Edition 2000–2001. 2001, pp. 266-267.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g HongQi 61A Surface-to-Air Missile System (English)
  4. ↑ a b Dr. Carlo Kopp (AFAIAA, SMIEEE, PEng): PLA Mechanized Infantry Division Air Defense Systems PLA Point Defense Systems (English)
  5. ↑ Gardiner, Chumbley, Budzbon: Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1947-1995 , US Naval Institute Press, 1996 pp. 62-63.
  6. ↑ HQ-61 艦 対 空 ミ サ イ ル (紅旗 61/571 型 / RF-61 / CSA-N-2) 編 集 す る (Japanese)