China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation

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China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation
中国 航天 科 工 集团 有限公司
legal form Centrally managed company
founding July 1, 1999
Seat Beijing (headquarters)
management Gao Hongwei
Number of employees 146,346 (2019)
sales 250.5 billion yuan (2019)
Branch Defense industry
Website casic.com

The China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation ( Chinese  中國 航天 科 工 集團 有限公司  /  中国 航天 科 工 集团 有限公司 , short 航天 科 工 or CASIC ) is a large, state-owned Chinese armaments company specializing in short-range missiles and anti-aircraft missiles . But the civil launchers of the Kuaizhou series are also manufactured by CASIC. The company was founded in its current form on July 1, 1999 as the successor to the umbrella company for the space industry, and its headquarters are in the Haidian district of Beijing .

history

The China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation traces its tradition back to a memorandum entitled "Proposing to Build a Chinese Aerospace Industry for National Defense Purposes" (建立 中国 国防 航空 工业 的 意见), which rocket scientist Qian Xuesen wrote to the State Council of February 1956 People's Republic of China had submitted. As a result, on October 8, 1956, the “5th Ministry of Defense Research Institute “(国防部 第五 研究院, Pinyin Guófángbù Dìwǔ Yánjiūyuàn ) founded. Qian Xuesen became head of the institute, which also dealt with the development of the Chinese atomic bomb and launchers for nuclear weapons. In March 1960, by order of the Central Military Commission, General Liu Yalou (刘亚楼, 1910-1965), Commander of the Air Force of the People's Republic of China and Deputy Minister of Defense, took over the management of the 5th Research Institute. Lieutenant General Wang Bingzhang (王秉璋, 1914-2005), deputy commander of the Air Force, became his deputy and political commissar of the institute. From then on, the two managed the day-to-day business, while Qian Xuesen, now General Liu's second deputy, coordinated the actual research and development.

On November 5, 1960, Qian Xuesen and his group succeeded in launching the first Chinese rocket, later called " Dongfeng 1 ", at the Jiuquan Cosmodrome . The Dongfeng 2A medium-range missile followed on June 29, 1964, and the first Chinese atomic bomb detonated on October 16, 1964 at the Lop Nor nuclear weapons test site . The range of tasks and the number of staff at the institute, which now had three branch institutes (分院), grew continuously. Originally, the development of surface-to-surface missiles, anti-aircraft missiles and anti-ship missiles was based at the 1st branch institute. In 1963, however, as part of a reorganization, each branch institute was assigned a missile type; the research institute for solid fuel propulsion in Luzhou or Hohhot was assigned to the institute as the 4th branch institute. The division of labor looked like this:

  • 1st branch of the 5th research institute: surface-to-surface missiles of the Dongfeng series (东风 or "Ostwind")
  • 2nd branch of the 5th research institute: surface-to-air missiles of the Hongqi series (红旗 or "Red Flag")
  • 3rd branch of the 5th research institute: anti-ship missiles of the Haiying series (海鹰 or "Seeadler")
  • 4. Branch of the 5. Research Institute: Solid Propellant Rocket Motors

On January 4, 1965, the National People's Congress, on the proposal of Prime Minister Zhou Enlai , decided to outsource missile activities from the Ministry of Defense to a separate ministry. The 5th Research Institute was renamed the “Seventh Ministry of Mechanical Engineering” (第七 机械 工业 部, Pinyin Dì Qī Jīxiè Gōngyè Bù ); Wang Bingzhang, with Qian Xuesen as one of his deputies, became the head of the agency, now as regular cabinet minister. In addition to the development of ICBMs , space travel was now defined as the Ministry's area of responsibility for the first time: it was responsible for the scientific research, development, testing and manufacture of spacecraft as well as the expansion and construction of cosmodromes.

In May 1982 the Seventh Ministry of Mechanical Engineering was renamed as the "Ministry of Space Industry" (航天 工业 部, Pinyin Hángtiān Gōngyè Bù ) as part of a cabinet reform , followed in April 1988 by the merger with the Ministry of Aviation Industry (the former Third Ministry of Mechanical Engineering) to the "Ministry of Aerospace Industry" (航空 航天 工业 部, Pinyin Hángkōng Hángtiān Gōngyè Bù ). The Ministry of the Aerospace Industry was not a ministry in the usual sense, but rather a corporation, if not for-profit, with factories and research facilities scattered across the country. This was also formally taken into account on March 22, 1993, when the ministry was dissolved by resolution of the National People's Congress and the "umbrella company for the aerospace industry" and the "umbrella company for the space industry" (中国 航天 工业 总公司, Pinyin Zhōngguó Hángtiān Gōngyè Zǒnggōngsī ) were founded . On July 1, 1999, the umbrella company for the space industry was split up into two individual companies:

  • China Aerospace Machinery and Electronics Corporation (中国 航天 机电 集团公司). This company focuses on short- and medium-range missiles including anti-aircraft and cruise missiles , small satellites , solid-fuel missiles and information technology. So it is essentially an arms company.

In July 2001, the China Aerospace Machinery and Electronics Corporation was given its current name “China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation”, CASIC for short. Since November 2017, the company has been a so-called "GmbH in state ownership" (国有 独资公司) with a share capital of then 13.65 billion dollars and has the name "Limited" or 有限 in its name.

Business areas

Military missiles and high energy lasers

CASIC's main business area is still in the military sector, with strategic and tactical nuclear missiles, anti-aircraft missiles, air-to-air missiles , air- to-surface missiles , coastal missiles , ship-to-ship missiles and cruise missiles. A new development presented for the first time at the International Aerospace Exhibition in Zhuhai in November 2018 is the high-energy laser LW-30, which, when mounted on a truck, works in conjunction with a mobile radar station to approach objects ranging in size from mortar shells to drones in a few seconds should be able to destroy.

Civil space travel

Through the “National Wuhan Space Industry Base” (武汉 国家 航天 产业 基地), financed by the “Yangtze River Space Industry Fund” (长江 航天 产业 基金), which is funded by CASIC with capital of 10 billion yuan, and with its subsidiary China Space Sanjiang Group Corporation as its core, it is also involved in civil space travel. The ExPace Technology GmbH , a subsidiary of Sanjiang Group, there builds the solid propellant rockets of kuaizhou series. Wuhan is also working on space-based Internet systems with satellites of the Xingyun (行 云), Feiyun (飞云), Kuaiyun (快 云), Hongyun (虹 云) and Tengyun (腾云) types, each in constellations , so-called “clouds “Or 云, operate. Besides CASIC also acts as a supplier to the manned space program of the People's Republic of China , the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program , the Beidou satellite navigation system and the high-resolution Earth observation system , projects for which the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation is the main contractor.

Information technology and internet for industry

In addition to the satellite constellations, CASIC also developed small, mobile TT&C stations and receiving stations for the satellites. In addition, there has been ample information technology experience since the late 1990s through the development of an anti-tax evasion system, wireless fire alarms and data processing systems for the police force . When the State Council of the People's Republic of China published the strategy paper “ Made in China 2025 ” on May 8, 2015 , an initiative to comprehensively upgrade the Chinese manufacturing industry, CASIC seized the opportunity and developed a cloud system for networked production, the so-called “Industrial Intelligent Cloud” System “or 工业 互联网 云 平台, INDICS for short, colloquially mostly called CASICloud or 航天 云 网. The service model here is the so-called " Platform as a Service ".

With exactly 146,346 workers and employees at the end of 2019, CASIC had a total income of 250.5 billion yuan that year. The company's chief executive officer has been the navigation technology engineer Gao Hongwei (高 *, * 1956) since April 25, 2013.

Academies and subsidiaries

CASIC has a number of academies, some of which emerged from the historical branch institutes, as well as market economy-oriented subsidiaries (which in turn have subsidiaries):

  • Chinese Academy of Information Technology in the Space Industry (中国 航天 科 工 信息 技术 研究院), also known as "First Academy"
  • Changfeng Electrical Engineering Office (中国 长峰 机电 技术 研究 设计院, CCMETA), formerly "Chinese Academy for Air Defense Systems" (中国 航天 科 工 防御 技术 研究院), also known as "Second Academy"
  • Haiying Academy of Electrical Engineering (中国海鹰机电技术研究院), formerly "Chinese Academy of anti-ship missiles " (中国航天科工飞航技术研究院), also known as "Third Academy"
  • China Space Sanjiang Group Corporation (CSSG), formerly the "Chinese Academy of Carrier Technology" (中国 航天 科 工 运载 技术 研究院), also known as the "Fourth Academy"
  • Hexi Chemieanlagen (中国 河西 化工 机械 公司), formerly "Chinese Academy for Drive Technology" (中国 航天 科 工 动力 技术 研究院), also known as the "Sixth Academy"
  • Chinese Academy for Space Construction (中国 航天 建筑 设计 研究院), also known as the "Seventh Academy"
Aerosun AG factory gate in Nanjing
  • Honghua Group (宏 华 集团)
  • Aisino AG (航天 信息 股份有限公司)
  • Aerospace Communications Holdings AG (航天 通信 控股 集团 股份有限公司)
  • Aerosun AG (航天 晨光 股份有限公司)
  • Addsino AG (航天 工业 发展 股份有限公司)
  • Beijing Aerospace Changfeng AG (北京 航天 长峰 股份有限公司)
  • Aerospace Hi-Tech Holding Group AG (航天 科技 控股 集团 股份有限公司)
  • Guizhou Aerospace Electric AG (贵州 航天 电器 股份有限公司, shareholding shared with China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation)
  • Wuhan Raycus Fiber Laser Technologies AG (武汉锐 科 光纤 激光 技术 股份有限公司)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 梅世雄 、 毛 俊: 第 一个 导弹 火箭 研究 机构 —— 国防部 五 院 ： 中国 航天 梦 的 起点. In: xinhuanet.com. July 10, 2016, accessed April 10, 2020 (Chinese).
  2. ↑ 我们 的 太空 微 博: 首次 披露 “1059” 工程 珍贵 画面 ： 东风破 晓 开 天地！ In: Weibo.com. August 8, 2018, accessed April 10, 2020 (Chinese). Contains footage from the launch of the rocket.
  3. ↑ The first ministry was actually responsible for mechanical engineering, the second concentrated civil and military nuclear activities, the third was responsible for aviation, the fourth for electronics, the fifth for tanks and artillery, the sixth for shipbuilding, and the eighth for agricultural machinery.
  4. ↑ 许腾飞: 去世 12 年 后 ， 开国 中将 王秉璋 遗体 在 301 医院 告别. In: news.ifeng.com. May 31, 2017, accessed April 10, 2020 (Chinese).
  5. ↑ １９９３ 年 国务院 机构 改革. In: gov.cn. January 16, 2009, accessed April 14, 2020 (Chinese).
  6. ↑ 集团 简介. In: casic.cn. Retrieved April 10, 2020 (Chinese).
  7. ↑ 中国 航天 科 工 集团公司. In: fortunechina.com. Retrieved April 11, 2020 (Chinese).
  8. ^ Aerospace Defense. In: casic.com. Accessed April 10, 2020 (English).
  9. ↑ Cao Siqi: New laser weapon could contain air reconnaissance, be deployed in Tibet: expert. In: globaltimes.cn. November 11, 2018, accessed April 10, 2020 .
  10. ^ Liang Jun: Laser weapons ready as China creates cutting-edge military hardware. In: en.people.cn. December 28, 2018, accessed April 10, 2020 .
  11. ^ Commercial Aerospace. In: casic.com. Accessed April 10, 2020 (English).
  12. ↑ 商业 航天. In: casic.cn. Retrieved April 10, 2020 (Chinese).
  13. ↑ 重大 航天 工程. In: casic.cn. Retrieved April 10, 2020 (Chinese).
  14. ↑ 国务院 关于 印发 《中国 制造 2025》 的 通知. In: gov.cn. May 8, 2015, accessed April 11, 2020 (Chinese).
  15. ^ Industrial Internet. In: casic.com. September 4, 2018, accessed April 10, 2020 .
  16. ↑ 现代 服务业. In: casic.cn. Retrieved April 11, 2020 (Chinese).
  17. ↑ 中国 航天 科 工 集团公司. In: fortunechina.com. Retrieved April 11, 2020 (Chinese).
  18. ↑ 2019 中国 企业 500 强 榜单. In: finance.sina.cn. Retrieved April 11, 2020 (Chinese).
  19. ↑ 马丽: 高 红卫 被 任命 为 中国 航天 科 工 集团公司 董事长. In: scitech.people.com.cn. April 25, 2013, accessed April 11, 2020 (Chinese).
  20. ↑ 刘峰: 中国 航天 科 工 信息 技术 研究院 简介. In: mil.sohu.com. October 25, 2008, accessed April 11, 2020 (Chinese).
  21. ↑ China Changfeng Mechanics and Electronics Technology Academy. In: nti.org. Retrieved April 11, 2020 (English).
  22. ↑ HiWING Mechanical & Electrical Technology Corporation. In: nti.org. Retrieved April 11, 2020 (English).
  23. ↑ 公司 介绍. In: cssg.21hubei. Retrieved April 11, 2020 (Chinese).
  24. ↑ laduo: 军工 航天 系 两大 方向 ， 一秒 看懂 航天 XX. In: zhuanlan.zhihu.com. January 3, 2019, accessed April 11, 2020 (Chinese).
  25. ↑ Introduction. In: en.hh-gltd.com. Retrieved April 11, 2020 (English).
  26. ↑ About us. In: aisino.com. Retrieved April 11, 2020 (English).
  27. ↑ 首页. In: aerocom.cn. Retrieved April 11, 2020 (Chinese).
  28. ↑ 公司 概况. In: aerosun.cn. Retrieved April 18, 2020 (Chinese).
  29. ↑ Addsino Co Ltd. In: reuters.com. April 10, 2020, accessed on April 11, 2020 .
  30. ↑ 史 燕 中: 北京 航天 长峰 股份有限公司 2019 年 半 年度 报告. In: pdf.dfcfw.com. August 25, 2019, accessed April 11, 2020 (Chinese).
  31. ↑ Aerospace Hi-Tech Holding Group Co., Ltd. In: reuters.com. April 10, 2020, accessed on April 11, 2020 .
  32. ^ Company Profile. In: gzhtdq.com.cn. Retrieved April 11, 2020 (English).
  33. ↑ About us. In: gzhtdq.com.cn. Retrieved April 11, 2020 (English).