Håkon Jarl

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Håkon Jarl, historicizing drawing by Christian Krohg

The Earls of Lade Håkon Sigurdsson ( anord. : Hákon Sigurðarson ) or Håkon Jarl, Håkon Earls of Lade, Hákon jarl hinn ríki , "the Rich" or "the Mighty" (* around 935 in charge ; † 995 in Romol, today Melhus ) was from about 971 until his death in 995, as the imperial administrator, de facto regent of Norway.

origin

He came from the Ladejarl family and was the son of Sigurd Håkonsson , Jarl des Trøndelag . His mother was Bergljot Toresdotter, a daughter of Tore Ragnvaldsson, Jarl von Möre, and Princess Alof Aaarbod, a daughter of King Harald Fairhair of Norway from his second marriage to Gyda, a daughter of King Eirik of Hördeland.

Life

Hakon Sigurdsson succeeded his father Sigurd Håkonsson as Jarl von Lade after he - who was a friend and adviser to King Håkon the Good of Norway - was murdered in 962 by King Harald Graufell of Norway and his brothers. Hakon fought with Harald Graufell for some time until he was forced to flee to Harald Blue Tooth in Denmark , where he allied himself with him against Harald Graufell.

When Harald Graufell was killed in 971, Håkon Jarl ruled Norway as Harald Blue Tooth's vassal. In fact, however, he was an independent ruler. On behalf of Harald Blauzahn, he attacked Götaland and killed its ruler Jarl Ottar . In the autumn of 974, after Harald Blauzahn's attack on Northern Albingia, he successfully defended the Danewerk against the first onslaught of an imperial army from Saxony, Franconia, Frisians and Abodrites under the leadership of Emperor Otto II , the Saxon Duke Bernhard I and Count Heinrich von Stade . When Håkon Jarl noticed how the enemy army was preparing to cross the Schlei with the help of the Abodritic fleet and thus bypass the Danewerk, he and his followers retreated to Norway.

Håkon Jarl believed in the old gods , and when Harald Blauzahn tried to force him to Christianity around 975, his allegiance to Denmark broke. In the battle of Hjørungavåg in 986, a Danish invasion army was defeated, whereupon Denmark lost power over Norway for a short time. In 977 Vladimir fled from Kiev to Håkon Jarl. He gathered as many Viking warriors as he could to retake Novgorod , and on his return the following year he marched against Yaropolk I.

In 995 there was a falling out between the Trøndern and Håkon Jarl when Olaf Tryggvason appeared in Trøndelag . Håkon Jarl quickly lost all support, had to flee to the Rimol farm (now Romol ) in Melhus and was murdered there by his own slave and friend Tormod Kark . His two sons Erik and Sven and a few others fled to the Swedish King Olof Skötkonung . Håkon Jarl's death was to be avenged in the naval battle of Svold .

Håkon Jarl had a number of skalds in his entourage: Øyvind Skaldespiller , Einar Helgason called Einar Skalaglam, Tindr Hallkelsson , Eilífr Goðrúnarson .

Fiction

The character of Jarls Hakon plays a leading role in some of the historical novels by the author Axel S. Meyer . The three novels in the series that have been published so far deal with the partly fictional life of the Jarl in the years 955 to 969.

literature

  • Felix Niedner (Ed.), Transferred by Walter Baetke : The story of the Orkaden, Denmark and the Jomsburg. THULE. Old Norse poetry and prose. Second series, volume 19. Published by Eugen Diederichs Jena 1924. The events of the naval battle of Hjörenavag are there in the chapter: The story of the sea warriors on Jomsburg (Jomsvikinga saga), pp. 395–436, and in Bjarni Kolbeinsson's price song on the Jomswikinger , Pp. 437-451, reproduced in detail.
  • Lutz Mohr : Sea War with Norway. The fiasco of the Jomswikinger 995. In: Carfunkel Combat. The annual special for military history ... Wald-Michelberg, No. 3/2007, pp. 59–61
  • Lutz Mohr: Dragon ships in the Pomeranian Bay. The Jomswikinger, their Jomsburg and the Gau Jom. (Edition Rostock maritime). Edited by Robert Rosentreter . Rostock: Ingo Koch Verlag 2013, ISBN 978-3-86436-069-5 , chap .: On war course against Norway and Jarl Hakon's resistance. , Pp. 38-57
  • Jørn Sandnes: "Håkon Sigurdsson" in Norsk biografisk leksikon (Norwegian)

Individual evidence

  1. Detlev Schwennicke European Family Tables New Series Volume II, The Outside Germany; Panel 106; Verlag JA Stargardt, Marburg, 1984
  2. Detlev Schwennicke European Family Tables New Series Volume II, The Outside Germany; Panel 105; Verlag JA Stargardt, Marburg, 1984
  3. Axel S. Meyer - Author. Retrieved November 3, 2019 .