Hamburger Tageblatt

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Front page of the Hamburger Tageblatt from March 31, 1933 on the boycott of the Jews

The Hamburger Tageblatt was a newspaper of the NSDAP , which appeared from January 1, 1931 to August 31, 1944 as a daily newspaper in Hamburg .

precursor

The weekly newspaper Hamburger Volksblatt was published as the first National Socialist newspaper in Hamburg from February 1928 . The second NS weekly in Hamburg was published with the economic and organizational support of the German National Handicrafts Association (DHV) from January 1929 under the title Hansische Warte . The Hamburger people sheet went to the merging of these two Nazi newspapers in June 1929 in the Hanseatic waiting on.

Hamburger Tageblatt

After the conversion of the Hansische Warte into a daily newspaper, it appeared daily in Hamburg from January 1, 1931 as the “National Socialist Kampfblatt” under the name Hamburger Tageblatt . The newspaper's emblem was the daily leaf cog shown in the title with a swastika on the front sail.

Until the National Socialists came to power in Hamburg, the cover of the Hamburger Tageblatt had the motto “You don't destroy the state, you conquer it”. The newspaper then had the subheading "Official organ of the governing mayor". Most recently, the subtitle read “Newspaper of the National Socialist German Workers' Party”.

The Hamburger Tageblatt changed at the end of January 1933 from the opposition fighting paper to the official Gaublatt of the NSDAP in Hamburg and experienced a significant increase in importance u. a. by banning the left-wing press, the loss of importance of the bourgeois press, the change from editors of closed newspapers to the Hamburger Tageblatt and its now solid economic situation. The publisher of this Gaublatt was the Gauverlagsgesellschaft Hamburger Tageblatt GmbH , a holding company of the Franz-Eher-Verlag . The Hamburger Tageblatt appeared until the Nazis came to power in Hamburg with a circulation of 15,000 to 20,000 copies, which in 1944 was 134,600. Nevertheless, the Hamburger Tageblatt was never the highest-circulation newspaper in Hamburg. After 1933, the circulation fell short of the expected sales at times and only achieved constant sales of more than 100,000 copies from 1938.

Chief editor

The Hamburger Tageblatt , which was also founded with the support of the DHV, was, like its predecessor, run by the former Hamburg Gauleiter Albert Krebs as chief editor. On May 20, 1932, Krebs was expelled from the NSDAP by Adolf Hitler and released from his position as editor-in-chief for the Hamburger Tageblatt after Krebs attacked Hitler's efforts to get involved in government with Kurt von Schleicher in an article.

After power was handed over to the National Socialists , all department heads of the Hamburger Tageblatt were replaced with the exception of Hermann Okraß (1905–1972). After the replacement of Krebs as chief editor of the Hamburger Tageblatt and temporary solutions , Hermann Okraß took over this position in 1934 until he became managing director of this newspaper in 1941. His successor as chief editor at the Hamburger Tageblatt was Max Baumann (* 1903).

Headquarters of the Hamburger Tageblatt

The Tageblattkogge (emblem of the National Socialist "Hamburger Tageblatt") at the Pressehaus in Hamburg's old town was created by Richard Kuöhl. The swastika from the sail was removed in 1945.

Initially, the Hamburger Tageblatt's premises were located at the Katharinenkirche ; since mid-May 1933, the editorial and technical operations have been located on the Rathausmarkt .

From the beginning of July 1939, the Hamburger Tageblatt had its headquarters in the newly built press building at Speersort . The press house was designed by Rudolf Klophaus especially for the Hamburger Tageblatt and built in 1938. When the foundation stone was laid on October 22, 1938, thousands of spectators were present alongside local Nazi celebrities and representatives of the press. Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels also took part in the laying of the foundation stone and gave a speech in this context: "The press is the spiritual weapon in the struggle for Germany's international standing".

“Speed ​​is the watchword that leaves its mark on the newspaper business from the start of work until the end of the day. Cars are racing, telephones are ringing incessantly, typewriters are rattling and messengers are running. The hum of the typesetting machines, the booming calendar. [...] Speed, speed, speed. And hurrying, packing, hunting again. And again men and women in a hurry. Upstairs, downstairs. Speed, speed. "

- speed! Tempo! Tempo!. In: Hamburger Tageblatt of October 23, 1938

There are reliefs on the simple six-story brick building, including a. that of the Tageblattkogge on the side facing Curienstraße and arcades on the west side. The upper floors of the building received heavy bombs and burned out after Allied air raids during World War II in 1942 and 1943 . Today the press house u. a. Headquarters of the newspaper Die Zeit .

Hamburger newspaper

In the final phase of the Second World War, the last three Hamburg daily newspapers Hamburger Anzeiger , the Hamburger Fremdblatt and the Hamburger Tageblatt were merged as a war work group and appeared from September 1, 1944 as the Hamburger Zeitung . The Hamburger Zeitung , headed by Okraß, appeared daily until April 30, 1945. Extra editions appeared on May 1, 1945 on the death of Hitler and on May 3, 1945 with an appeal from Gauleiter Karl Kaufmann to the Hamburg community that the war was imminent.

completion

After the war ended in 1945, all German newspapers were banned by the Allied Control Council . After the British army had moved into Hamburg on May 3, 1945, the British military administration appointed Gerd Bucerius as trustee on June 14, 1945 with the task of handling the Hamburger Zeitung . Bucerius wrote to the employees of Hamburger Tageblatt GmbH and resigned all employees there on June 30, 1945 with reference to the "terrible shocks to our community" at the time of National Socialism , which "cannot be without the most drastic consequences" for the newspaper employees , without notice. Newspapers without a license could only appear again after freedom of the press was granted in 1949.

literature

  • Christian Sonntag: Media careers: biographical studies of post-war journalists in Hamburg 1946–1949 , Martin Meidenbauer Verlag, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-89975-577-4 .
  • Karl Christian Führer: Urban Space and Mass Media. Media locations as urban central locations in Hamburg during the interwar period . In: Clemens Zimmermann (Ed.): Centrality and spatial structure of the big cities in the 20th century , Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-515-08898-9 .

Web links

Commons : Hamburger Tageblatt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ursula Büttner : The rise of the NSDAP . In: Research Center for Contemporary History in Hamburg (ed.): Hamburg in the Third Reich. , Göttingen 2005, p. 36
  2. ↑ a b c Ursula Büttner: The rise of the NSDAP . In: Research Center for Contemporary History in Hamburg (ed.): Hamburg in the Third Reich. , Göttingen 2005, p. 39
  3. ↑ a b c d The press building at Speersort
  4. ^ A b c Karl Christian Führer: Urban space and mass media. Media locations as urban central locations in Hamburg during the interwar period . In: Clemens Zimmermann (ed.) Centrality and spatial structure of large cities in the 20th century , Stuttgart 2006, p. 112
  5. ↑ Rolf Fechner / Herbert Claas (ed.): Buried sociology. For example: Max Graf zu Solms. Series of publications by the Ferdinand Tönnies Society , Vol. 8, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1996, p. 168
  6. ^ A b c d Christian Sonntag: Media careers: biographical studies of post-war journalists in Hamburg 1946–1949 , Munich 2006, p. 46
  7. ^ Letter dated May 20, 1932
  8. ↑ Ursula Büttner: The rise of the NSDAP . In: Research Center for Contemporary History in Hamburg (ed.): Hamburg in the Third Reich. , Göttingen 2005, p. 40
  9. ^ Christian Sonntag: Media careers: biographical studies on post-war journalists in Hamburg 1946–1949 , Munich 2006, pp. 255, 257 ( online )
  10. ^ Karl Christian Führer: Urban Space and Mass Media. Media locations as urban central locations in Hamburg during the interwar period . In: Clemens Zimmermann (Ed.): Centrality and spatial structure of the big cities in the 20th century , Stuttgart 2006, p. 113
  11. ↑ Quoted in: Karl Christian Führer: Stadtraum und Massenmedien. Media locations as urban central locations in Hamburg during the interwar period . In: Clemens Zimmermann (ed.) Centrality and spatial structure of large cities in the 20th century , Stuttgart 2006, p. 113
  12. ^ Christian Sonntag: Media careers: biographical studies on post-war journalists in Hamburg 1946–1949 , Munich 2006, p. 40
  13. ^ Christian Sonntag: Media careers: biographical studies on post-war journalists in Hamburg 1946–1949 , Munich 2006, p. 76
  14. ^ Ralf Dahrendorf : Liberal and independent. Gerd Bucerius and his time. CH Beck Verlag, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-596-15942-3 , p. 58f.