Hamlet perch
| Hamlet perch | ||||||||||||
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Brown banded hamlet perch |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Hypoplectrus | ||||||||||||
| Gill , 1861 |
The Hamlet perches ( Hypoplectrus ) are a genus of the sawfish (Serranidae). The fish, which grow to a maximum of 15 centimeters in length, live hidden in coral reefs in the Caribbean , on the south coast of Florida and near the Bahamas . They feed on small fish and invertebrates.
Speciation
In the hamlet perch, the speciation process is still in full swing. The different species have long been seen as different color variants of a species that are just about to develop into separate species . The ranges of the different species overlap, but some are absent from part of the habitat. The golden and indigo hamlet perch live at depths of 10 to 40 meters, while the other variants prefer shallow water up to 15 meters. When reproducing, preference is given to partners of the same color. However, 5% of the fish spawn with animals of different colors, a sign that speciation is not yet complete. Some color variants imitate aggressive damselfish ( mimicry ).
Reproduction
Hamlet perches are hermaphrodites . Self-fertilization does not take place as only eggs or sperm are released during a spawning process. The mating takes place about one meter above the ground, whereby the fish taking over the male part curves around the "female" when sperm and eggs are expelled.
Hypoplectrus guttavarius
Hypoplectrus indigo
Hypoplectrus unicolor
species
To date, 18 species have been described:
- Yellow-bellied hamlet perch ( Hypoplectrus aberrans ) Poey, 1868
- Hypoplectrus atlahua Tavera & Acero P., 2013
- Hypoplectrus castroaguirrei Del Moral Flores, Tello-Musi & Martínez-Pérez, 2012
- Yellow-tailed hamlet perch ( Hypoplectrus chlorurus ) (Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1828)
- Hypoplectrus ecosur Victor, 2012
- Hypoplectrus floridae Victor, 2012
- Blue hamlet perch ( Hypoplectrus gemma ) Goode & Bean, 1882
- Golden hamlet perch ( Hypoplectrus gummigutta ) (Poey, 1851)
- Hypoplectrus guttavarius (Poey, 1852)
- Indigo hamlet perch ( Hypoplectrus indigo ) (Poey, 1851)
- Hypoplectrus liberte Victor & Marks, 2018
- Hypoplectrus maculiferus Poey, 1871
- Hypoplectrus maya Lobel, 2011
- Black hamlet perch ( Hypoplectrus nigricans ) (Poey, 1852)
- Hypoplectrus providencianus Acero P. & Garzón-Ferreira, 1994
- Brown Banded Hamlet Perch ( Hypoplectrus puella ) (Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1828)
- Hypoplectrus randallorum Lobel, 2011
- Butter hamlet perch ( Hypoplectrus unicolor ) (Walbaum, 1792)
literature
- Hans A. Baensch , Robert A. Patzner: Mergus Sea Water Atlas Volume 7 Perciformes (perch-like) . Mergus-Verlag, Melle, ISBN 3-88244-107-0 .
- Michael L. Domeier (1994): Speciation in the serranid fish Hypoplectrus . Bulletin of Marine Science 54 (1): 103-141.
- PS Lobel: A review of the Caribbean hamlets (Serranidae, Hypoplectrus) with description of two new species . In: Zootaxa . 3096, 2011, 1-17. PDF .
Web links
- Hamlet perches on Fishbase.org (English)