Hammer mill
| Hammer mill
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 Hammer mill on Bachstrasse |
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| Location and history | ||
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| Coordinates | 51 ° 14 '52 " N , 6 ° 25' 1" E | |
| Location | Germany | |
| Waters | Hammer Bach | |
| Built | First mentioned in 1246 | |
| Shut down | 1939 cessation of milling operations | |
| technology | ||
| use | Grain mill | |
| Grinder | 1 grind | |
| drive | Watermill | |
| water wheel | undershot | |
The hammer mill in the city of Viersen was a water mill with an undershot water wheel .
Mills in Viersen
In earlier centuries there were a total of 17 mills in the municipality of Viersen. Four of them were horse oil mills; Johan Mengius off Bosch / Boesch Mühle, Jan Haas Mühle, Thomas Thylen Mühle, and Jan Neikes / Neickes Mühle. These were operated by horse power. There were also two windmills , the Hoser and Hüsterfeld windmills , both of which were privately owned.
It was different with the watermills. The pen St. Gereon in Cologne had the basic rule of Viersen and the water rights on the streams in Viersen. The construction of watermills required his approval. The monastery granted mill rights as a hereditary fiefdom and received an annual tenancy from them. This had to be delivered to the parish office of St. Remigius. The documents show that there were twelve water mills in Viersen as early as 1246. All mills, with the exception of the monastery mill , paid a sum (about one hundredweight) of malt annually as loan interest. In the glory of Viersen there was no pressure to mill . All farmers could have milled wherever they wanted.
These twelve mills were on:
- " Dorfer Bach ": Kaisermühle , Kimmelmühle , Goetersmühle , Biestenmühle and Schricksmühle
- " Hammer Bach ": Plinzenmühle , Schnockesmühle , Sgoedenmühle , Bongartzmühle , Hüstermühle and Hammer Mühle
- " Rintger Bach ": Klostermühle
geography
The Hammer Mühle was located at Hammer Bach on Bachstrasse in the Hamm district in the town of Viersen in the Viersen district. There was a pond in front of the mill . The water level of the Hammer Bach in this area was 39 m above sea level. The Hammer Mill was the lowest mill on the Hammer Bach, above was the Hüstermühle.
The Hammer Bach supplied six mills with water for centuries. The care and maintenance of the water is the responsibility of the water and soil association of the Middle Niers, which is based in Grefrath .
history
The hammer mill was also sometimes called "Schürkesmühle". In the old days it was the "moele to ham", the mill on a piece of land surrounded by water. After this Viersener Hamm the brook, the mill and finally the Honschaft got their name.
The single-speed grain mill was driven by an undershot water wheel. In 1809 the daily grind capacity of the mill was five Malter grain (one Malter = three hundredweight). Milling was stopped in 1906 and the mill pond was filled. The largely intact buildings are used today for agriculture and business.
gallery
Back of the hammer mill
Residential building with gate entrance
Old millstone at the hammer mill
Weir at Hammer Bach at the Hammer Mühle
literature
- Hans Vogt: Lower Rhine water mill guide. Verein Niederrhein, Krefeld 1998, ISBN 3-00-002906-0 , pp. 511-523.
- Ferdinand Dohr: About the water being in the old Viersen. In: Heimatbuch des Kreis Kempen-Krefeld , 25th episode / 1974, pp. 47–55.
- Franz Joseph Schröteler: The glory and city of Viersen: A contribution to the history of the Lower Rhine, Viersen 1861, p. 231–232 and p. 396–397
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Franz Josef Schröteler: The glory of the city of Viersen. A contribution to the history of the Lower Rhine . S. 231-232 and 396-397 .
- ↑ Website of the water and soil association of the Middle Niers.