Beast mill

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Beast mill

Tranchot map from 1806

Tranchot map from 1806

Location and history
Biestenmühle (North Rhine-Westphalia)
Beast mill
Coordinates 51 ° 15 '40 "  N , 6 ° 23' 37"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 15 '40 "  N , 6 ° 23' 37"  E
Location Germany
North Rhine-Westphalia
District of Viersen
City of Viersen
Waters Dorfer Bach
Built First mentioned in 1246
Shut down 1890 sale and demolition
technology
use Grain mill
Grinder 1 grind
drive Watermill
water wheel undershot

The beast mill in the town of Viersen was a water mill with an undershot water wheel .

Mills in Viersen

In the past centuries there were a total of 18 mills in the municipality of Viersen. Four of them were horse oil mills, as hammer mills . These were operated by horse power. There were also two windmills , the Hoser and Hüsterfeld windmills , both of which were privately owned.

It was different with the watermills. The pen St. Gereon in Cologne had the basic rule of Viersen and the water rights on the streams in Viersen. The construction of watermills required his approval. The monastery granted mill rights as a hereditary fiefdom and received an annual tenancy from them. This had to be delivered to the parish office of St. Remigius. These documents show that there were twelve water mills in Viersen as early as 1246. All mills, with the exception of the monastery mill , paid a sum (about one hundredweight) of malt annually as loan interest. In the glory of Viersen there was no pressure to mill . All farmers could have milled wherever they wanted.

These twelve mills were on:

geography

The Biestenmühle was located on Goetersstraße on the site of today's special needs school, in the town of Viersen, in the Viersen district. In front of the mill was a pond , which was fed by the village stream and the water level of which was approx. 41 m above sea level. Below the Biestenmühle was the Schricksmühle, above the Goetersmühle.

The Dorfer Bach supplied five mills with water for centuries. It is partially channeled today. The mill ponds are all filled up except for the pond of the Kaisermühle. The care and maintenance of the water is the responsibility of the water and soil association of the Middle Niers, which is based in Grefrath .

history

The beast mill was also called "Rahser mill". In 1369 the mill "ten Biesen" is reported, located at the Biesenhof to which it belonged. It is one of the twelve watermills in Viersen, which in 1246 had to pay an annual tenancy fee of a summer malt to the parish of St. Remigius. It was a grain mill with an undershot water wheel. The temporary name “Rahser Mühle” probably comes from the name of a miller family. The mill ran until 1890, when it was sold and closed down.

literature

  • Hans Vogt: Lower Rhine water mill guide. Krefeld 1998, pp. 511-523.
  • Ferdinand Dohr: About the water being in the old Viersen. In: Heimatbuch des Kreis Kempen-Krefeld , 25th episode / 1974, pp. 47–55.

Web links

Commons : Biestenmühle  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Water and Soil Association of the Middle Niers