Kimmelmühle

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Kimmelmühle

Kimmelmühle in Kaiserstraße 6-10

Kimmelmühle in Kaiserstraße 6-10

Location and history
Kimmelmühle (North Rhine-Westphalia)
Kimmelmühle
Coordinates 51 ° 15 '32 "  N , 6 ° 23' 1"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 15 '32 "  N , 6 ° 23' 1"  E
Location Germany
North Rhine-Westphalia
District of Viersen
City of Viersen
Waters Dorfer Bach
Built First mentioned in 1246
Shut down 1793 End of milling operations
technology
use Grain mill
Grinder 1 grind
drive Watermill
water wheel undershot

The Kimmelmühle in the town of Viersen was a water mill with an undershot water wheel .

Mills in Viersen

In the past centuries there were a total of 18 mills in the municipality of Viersen. Four of them were used as hammer mills . These were operated by horse power. There were also two windmills , the Hoser and Hüsterfeld windmills , both of which were privately owned.

It was different with the watermills. The pen St. Gereon in Cologne had the basic rule of Viersen and the water rights on the streams in Viersen. The construction of watermills required his approval. The monastery granted mill rights as a hereditary fiefdom and received an annual tenancy from them. This had to be delivered to the parish office of St. Remigius. These documents show that there were twelve water mills in Viersen as early as 1246. All mills, with the exception of the monastery mill , paid a sum (about one hundredweight) of malt annually as loan interest. In the glory of Viersen there was no pressure to mill . All farmers could have milled wherever they wanted.

These twelve mills were on:

geography

The Kimmelmühle buildings are located at Kaiserstraße 6-10 in the town of Viersen in the Viersen district. In front of the mill was a pond , which was fed by the village stream and whose water level was about 45 m above sea level. Below the Kimmelmühle was the Goetersmühle, above the Kaisermühle.

The Dorfer Bach supplied five mills with water for centuries. It is partially channeled today. The mill ponds are all filled up except for the pond of the Kaisermühle. The care and maintenance of the water is the responsibility of the water and soil association of the Middle Niers, which is based in Grefrath .

history

The Kimmelmühle has had different names in its history. So it was called Kimelmühle, Kirbermühle, Kemelmühle or 1389 Kervermoelen. It is one of the twelve watermills in Viersen, which in 1246 had to pay an annual tenancy fee of a summer malt to the parish of St. Remigius. It was a flour mill with an undershot water wheel. In 1788 structural changes are made to the house. Milling was stopped as early as 1793. At the end of the 19th century, the adjacent mill building was closed down.

gallery

  • Kimmelmühle in Kaiserstraße

  • Tranchot map 1806

Monument entry

History: The St. Gereon Abbey in Cologne, landlord of Viersen, has the water and mill rights, which are exercised on site by the Schultheißenhof. The monastery gives consent to the construction of a mill and grants the mill rights as a hereditary fief. The annual tenancy pension, one hundredweight of malt, is to be paid to the St. Remigius parish office. The compulsory meal has been lifted since 1555, so that every farmer can freely choose the mill for grinding grain.

  • 1369 Keuermolen (Source: PN v. Doorninck: "Schatting van den lande van Geire voor het Overkwartier en de Betuwe van", 1369)
  • 1381 The name "Jacob Kaivermoelen" appears in the official accounts of Krickebeck, from which the old, still popular name for Kaiserstraße is explained: Kirver-, Kiemer-, Kärver- or Kälberstraet.
  • 1633 Kemelmulle (Source: Viersener Bannbuch)
  • In 1788 the first structural changes to the Kiemelmühle house took place.
  • In 1793 the mill was given up
  • 1875 Jacob Tummer expands the house
  • At the end of the 19th century, the adjacent mill building was torn down

Building description: The house of the former Kiemelmühle has three structural developments that can still be seen today. The Kiemelmühle, formerly a three-sided closed courtyard with a separate mill house, ceased operations before 1793. Before 1788, the first structural change, the house was a typical Viersen-style living and stable house. The three-aisled hall building is formed by a two-column construction (four rows of columns). The rectangular posts, the wider edges of which are in the direction of the ridge, suggest at least the 16th century or older. The walls are made of wickerwork. The double chimney with funnel-shaped chimney divides the hall building into one third to two thirds. The operating chamber is located above the barrel-vaulted cellar.

Viersen Monument List No. 285, entry: October 23, 1991

literature

  • Hans Vogt: Lower Rhine water mill guide . Verein Niederrhein eV, Krefeld, ISBN 978-3-00-002906-6 , p. 511-523 .
  • Ferdinand Dohr: About the water being in old Viersen . In: Heimatbuch des Kreis Kempen-Krefeld 1974 . S. 47-55 .

Web links

Commons : Kimmelmühle  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.mittlereniers.de