Hans Ludwig Rauh

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Hans Ludwig Rauh (born June 3, 1892 in Frankfurt am Main ; † March 9, 1945 in Endbach ) was a German teacher and dialect researcher. His work on the Frankfurt dialect formed an essential basis for the Frankfurt dictionary published between 1971 and 1985 .

life and work

Rauh was a teacher at the Klinger high school . He received his doctorate in 1921 at the University of Frankfurt with the dissertation The phonetics of the Frankfurt dialect . His doctoral supervisor Friedrich Panzer had already started the preparatory work for the publication of a Frankfurt dictionary in 1911 , but had to discontinue the project when the First World War broke out . Rauh published part of the 304-page, handwritten, dissertation in 1921 under the title Die Frankfurter Mundart in its basic features . Part of this work was a precise spatial delimitation of the dialects spoken in the individual districts. The suburbs that were incorporated in 1900 and 1910 had not yet merged linguistically with the historic city center. The Central Hessian dialect of the Wetterau was still spoken in the northeastern suburbs of Seckbach , Preungesheim and Berkersheim as well as in Oberrad . Like Frankfurt, the other northern suburbs already belonged to the southern Hessian dialect area and only differed in the pronunciation of some vowels and consonants.

Rauh observed that his test subjects remained cautious as long as he immediately noted their statements with notepad and paper, because they feared "falling into ridicule with their dialect". The Frankfurt cider restaurants , especially in Bornheim , Bockenheim and Sachsenhausen , were much better prerequisites for his research . in which revelers from all walks of life sat together and became much more relaxed and talkative in the group than in a direct survey.

Rauh took over the work on the Frankfurt dictionary left by Panzer in 1921 , but had to stop it in 1922 due to inflation . In 1937 Julius Schwietering , who was appointed to the Frankfurt Chair for German Philology in 1932, brought the Frankfurt dictionary project back to life . He had gained experience in dialect research from his time at the University of Münster , where he headed the Westphalian dictionary . Rauh and the young trainee lawyer Heinz Bodensohn (1912–1943) designed a questionnaire with 33 questions about the human body, which he published in January 1937 in the Frankfurter Generalanzeiger and in the Frankfurter Volksblatt in order to get as many responses as possible. Rauh instructed his informants in writing about the rules according to which they should write down their contributions on pieces of paper in order to prepare them in a dictionary. "The gram. Gender, the plural form, the meaning and any idioms in which the word occurs must be indicated ... Please only want to deal with one thing on a piece of paper ... "

In addition to the questionnaire, Rauh developed a methodology for collective interviews in Frankfurt school classes. For example, he had the students of two lower levels put together 56 synonyms for drinking , including simple ones such as tilting , lifting , caring and scooping and compound phrases such as waving a throat or breaking the neck of a bottle .

In 1939 the Prussian Academy of Sciences took over the patronage of the Frankfurt dictionary . Rauh became head of this research project in August 1939, for which the City of Frankfurt created a position at the instigation of Mayor Friedrich Krebs and provided space in the Old City Library . The outbreak of World War II prevented the oral and written interviews from continuing. Many of his informants, including Rauh's assistant Bodensohn, fell victim to the war. Rauh was recalled to school service in March 1940, but was the sole processor who was able to further process the collected material from around 130,000 documents. The manuscripts left by Johann Joseph Oppel , which Rauh found in 1938 and transferred to 30,000 pieces of paper within two years according to his system, proved to be a particularly valuable source .

At the beginning of 1945 Rauh moved his archive to a country school home of the city of Frankfurt in Endbach in the Hessian hinterland . Rauh died there in March 1945. After Frankfurt's biography he committed in 1945 on March 9 suicide , according to other sources, he was killed on March 19, 1945th

The outsourced material was returned to the University of Frankfurt after the end of the war, where it was stored in the Institute for German Folklore . In 1968, under the direction of Wolfgang Brückner, the publication of the Frankfurt dictionary began , which appeared in 18 deliveries from 1971 to 1985 with the support of the Frankfurt Historical Commission .

Works (selection)

  • Hans Ludwig Rauh: The Frankfurt dialect presented in its main features . Moritz Diesterweg, Frankfurt am Main 1921 (printed in Frankfurt dictionary, volume I, introduction).
  • Hans Ludwig Rauh: On the rhythm and melody of the Frankfurt dialect . In: Max Preitz (Ed.): Von deutscher Sprache und Art . Contributions to the history of the modern German language, language art, language maintenance and folklore. Frankfurt am Main 1925, p. 141–160 (printed in Frankfurt dictionary, volume I, introduction).
  • Hans Ludwig Rauh: The Frankfurt in language and poetry . In: Frankfurt. Book of the city . Frankfurt am Main 1927, p. 32-39 .

literature

  • Wolfgang Klötzer (Hrsg.): Frankfurter Biographie . Personal history lexicon . Second volume. M – Z (=  publications of the Frankfurt Historical Commission . Volume XIX , no. 2 ). Waldemar Kramer, Frankfurt am Main 1996, ISBN 3-7829-0459-1 , p. 173-174 .
  • Rosemarie Schanze: Hans Ludwig Rauh: Development of the Frankfurt dictionary project . In: Language and Society in Frankfurt am Main . Studies on the Frankfurt dictionary (= Frankfurter Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde e.V. [Hrsg.]: Studies on the Frankfurter Geschichte . Volume 21 ). Waldemar Kramer, Frankfurt am Main 1986, ISBN 3-7829-0340-4 , p. 55-64 .

Frankfurt dictionary

Volume I: Introduction, A – Eva
Volume II: Gospel – up
Volume II: look up - lithographer
Volume IV: Litze – qui vive
Volume V: pounding - straw head
Volume VI: Straw Man Cylinder
Register tape

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b According to Rainer Alsheimer, Introduction to the Frankfurt dictionary , p. 21, Rauh had a fatal accident on March 19, 1945 in Endbach.
  2. ↑ a b Schanze, language and society in Frankfurt am Main , p. 56
  3. ↑ Schanze, Language and Society in Frankfurt am Main , pp. 58–59
  4. ↑ Schanze, Language and Society in Frankfurt am Main , p. 61
  5. ^ Rainer Alsheimer, Introduction to the Frankfurt dictionary , pp. 18-19
personal data
SURNAME Rauh, Hans Ludwig
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German teacher and dialect researcher
DATE OF BIRTH June 3, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt am Main
DATE OF DEATH March 9, 1945
Place of death Bad Endbach