Hans Neese

Hans Neese (born December 15, 1891 in Düsseldorf , † 1961 in Leipzig ) was a German engineer and professor of welding technology . He is one of the pioneers of electric welding and was a co-founder of engineering training in this field in the entire German-speaking area. He played a major role in the development of scientific welding technology in the Soviet Union . He was the founding director of the Institute for Welding Technology at the University of Heavy Engineering in Magdeburg . Neese is considered the old master of welding technology.

Live and act

Hans E. Neese grew up in Düsseldorf and completed his school education here. After graduating from high school , he studied mechanical engineering at the Technical University of Braunschweig from 1910 to 1916 and then chemistry and metallurgy at the Technical University of Breslau . Afterwards he worked as an assistant for a short time.

In 1921 he largely completed the experimental work on his dissertation , which is regarded as the first scientific achievement in the field of electrical welding technology, and he received his doctorate in 1922 as a doctoral engineer (Dr.-Ing.) In the period from 1924 to 1926, Neese worked as a freelancer welding consultant worked. Then in 1926 he became director of the newly founded institute for welding technology at the TH Braunschweig.

Neese received an appointment from the Supreme Economic Council of the Soviet Union and therefore stayed in Moscow from 1929 to 1933 as a consultant for welding technology . He thus achieved a large share in the development of scientific welding technology in the Soviet Union. In 1930 he was even appointed professor of welding technology in Nizhny Novgorod ( Gorki ). After his return he worked in Germany until the end of the war and then in the GDR until 1951 as a freelance welding consultant and wrote extensive specialist welding papers. He then worked in heavy machinery construction in Leipzig (Kirow factory) until 1956, where he introduced automatic welding processes .

In 1956, Hans Neese was appointed professor for welding technology at the Magdeburg University of Heavy Mechanical Engineering . Here he founded the Institute for Welding Technology , the first of its kind in the entire German-speaking area. At the same time, the welding technology specialization was established. In mid-1956 Neese became the first director of the institute as well as the head of the department.

The main task of the institute was the training of qualified engineers specializing in welding technology and imparting knowledge of welding technology as a minor to students in other technological fields. Corresponding research tasks had to be worked on to accompany teaching. It was necessary to ensure that the institute was adequately staffed. The new university professors and academic staff had to create the training basis for a completely new course of study that has not yet been practiced at any German university.

In 1957, an additional distance learning department was set up in the institute . Two years later the institute was divided into 3 departments:

• Welding construction and design (Head: Roland Müller ),
• Welding technology metallurgy (Head: Hans Neese ),
• Plastic and metal bonding technology.

In the fall semester of 1956, the specialist training began with 40 students, the welding technology specialization was geared towards technologists in its profile. The connection to practice was an important aspect here.

In 1961, the management of the institute was transferred to Manfred Beckert , who was responsible for this for 25 years until 1986. With the third university reform of the GDR in 1968, it was integrated as a scientific area into the technology section of the metalworking industry. During these 25 years, more than 700 qualified engineers for welding technology were trained at the TH Magdeburg.

In 1971 Werner Gilde , head of the Central Institute for Welding Technology (ZIS) in Halle (Saale), agreed with DVS Düsseldorf on mutual recognition of the welding engineers East and West. This was a prerequisite for the export and import of welded products between East and West. This agreement represented a breakthrough in the training of welding engineers, in which the academic schools of Hans Neese and Manfred Beckert played a major role.

Neese is considered an old master of welding technology because with his doctoral thesis at the Technical University of Aachen in 1922 he carried out the first scientific work in this then completely new field. He made a major contribution to the fact that welding technology was elevated to the rank of a science and recognized, e.g. B. through his electrode development and with the development of automatic welding processes , the Neese process .

Memberships and honors (selection)

• 1956 Member of the welding technology working group (Ministry of Heavy Machinery)
• 1958 Awarded the Otto von Guericke plaque
• 1958 Honored Technician of the People
• 1959 Golden badge of honor of the Chamber of Technology (KDT) and honorary membership
• 1959 Golden Badge of Honor of the Society for the Dissemination of Scientific Knowledge ( Urania )
• 1959 Honorary Senator of the TH Otto von Guericke Magdeburg.

Publications (selection)

• Small 1 x 1 for electric welders. Union Verlag, Berlin 1936, 3rd edition 1938, 4th edition 1940; 5th edition: Verlag Berliner Union, Stuttgart 1951; Hans Neese, Herbert Neumann, 6th edition 1961, 9th edition 1972, 11th edition 1977, ISBN 978-3-408-53527-5 , 12th edition: Kohlhammer, Stuttgart; Berlin; Cologne; Mainz 1984, ISBN 978-3-17-053549-7 .
• Theory and practice of arc welding in 26 lectures. Marhold Verlag, Halle (Saale) 1954.
• GI Pogodin-Alexejew, Ju. A. Geller, AG Rachschtadt. German Edited by Ernst Schiebold , transl. From d. Soot. Hans Neese: Metallkunde - Analysis methods, laboratory work and tasks. Verlag Technik, Berlin 1956.

literature

• Helmut Asmus: History of the City of Magdeburg. 1975.
• Manfred Beckert , Rolf Hartmann: Non-metallic materials - generally understandable. Fachbuchverlag, Leipzig 1976; Heyne, Munich 1977, ISBN 978-3-453-49082-6 .
• Manfred Beckert , Ludwig Winkler (illustrations): World of metals. Fachbuchverlag, Leipzig; Aulis-Verlag Deubner, Cologne 1977, ISBN 978-3-7614-0359-4 .
• 25 years of the Otto von Guericke Technical University. In: Scientific journal of the Technical University of Magdeburg, vol. 22, 1978, no. 3–5.
• Manfred Beckert : Iron - facts and legends. German publishing house for basic industry, Leipzig 1981.
• Manfred Beckert : Johann Beckmann (biography). Teubner, Leipzig 1983.
• 1953-1983. 30 years of the Otto-von-Guericke University of Applied Sciences in Magdeburg. In: Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift, Technische Hochschule Magdeburg, vol. 27, no.3, 1983.
• Mechanical and plant engineering in the Magdeburg region at the beginning of the 21st century. Future based on tradition. Delta-D publishing house, Axel Kühling, Magdeburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-935831-51-2 .
• Peter Neumann (Hrsg.): Magdeburg's automation technology in transition - from industrial to research location. Authors: Christian Diedrich , Rolf Höltge, Ulrich Jumar , Achim Kienle, Reinhold Krampitz, Günter Müller, Peter Neumann, Konrad Pusch, Helga Rokosch, Barbara Schmidt, Ulrich Schmucker, Gerhard Unger, Günter Wolf. Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg ; Institute for Automation and Communication Magdeburg (ifak), Magdeburg 2018, ISBN 978-3-944722-75-7 .

Web links

• Literature by and about Hans Neese in the catalog of the German National Library
• Website of the Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Hans Neese: Experiments on electric arc welding of mild iron and gray cast iron. Dissertation, TH Aachen 1922.