Harald Jockusch

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Harald Jockusch (* 1939 in Frankfurt am Main ) is a German biologist and artist with the stage name Hal Jos.

Scientific career

Education and career as a biologist

Jockusch studied biology and chemistry in Frankfurt am Main, Tübingen and Munich. He completed his dissertation at the Max Planck Institute for Biology in Tübingen, Dept. Georg Melchers , on the topic of temperature-sensitive mutants of the tobacco mosaic virus . As a student and doctoral candidate, Jockusch worked as a freelance science journalist ( Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung and Die Zeit ). 1966 took place the rigorosum in genetics , microbiology and organic chemistry and doctorate at the University of Tübingen. He worked as a postdoc at the University of Wisconsin at Madison . In 1971 he received his habilitation in biology at the University of Tübingen. 1974–1977 Jockusch worked as a lecturer at the Biozentrum of the University of Basel , 1977–1981 as a professor (C3) for neurobiology at the University of Heidelberg . 1981–2004 he was professor (C4) for developmental biology and molecular pathology at Bielefeld University . There he was Vice-Rector for Research and Young Scientists from 1988–1991. From 1993 to 1996 Jockusch was the spokesman for the Collaborative Research Center (SFB) 223 “Pathomechanisms of Cellular Interactions” (Bielefeld / Münster), and from 1998 to 2003 of the SFB 549 “Processing and Signaling of Extracellular Macromolecules” (Bielefeld). Until 2004, Jockusch was a member of the Graduate School Structure Development Processes at Bielefeld University. He is on the scientific advisory board of the German Society for Muscle Diseases (DGM). Harald Jockusch is married to the cell biologist Brigitte M. Jockusch .

Research priorities

The common thread of Harald Jockusch's scientific work was development and molecular pathology: from virus to mammal. In detail, he worked on the following topics:

  • Host-virus interactions; Defense reactions of the host cell
  • Genetic control of development and pathology of the neuromuscular system
  • Mouse models for human hereditary diseases
  • Ion channels , cytoskeleton and cell-matrix interactions in the muscle and neuromuscular system; Neurodegeneration
  • Protein misfolding and pathogenesis in animal and plant cells
  • Gene mapping and comparative genomics of vertebrates
  • Topography of tissue formation in the mammalian embryo
  • Topological and dynamic modeling
  • Name and language

Scientific achievements

RNA viruses

During studies on the defense reaction of the host plant, temperature-sensitive mutants of a plant virus , the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), are discovered.

Relationships between stability of folding and amino acid exchange in the coat protein in collaboration with H.-G. Wittmann and Brigitte Wittmann-Liebold.

Recent work: Temperature-sensitive TMV envelope proteins as models for misfolded "toxic" proteins in plant cells and in transfected animal cells.

In vitro synthesis of active replicase of RNA - phage QB.

Developmental Biology and Molecular Pathology

Mouse and cell culture models for human neuromuscular diseases:

  • A mutant mouse, the so-called ADR mouse, was characterized as a model for the human hereditary disease myotonia . In this disease, a defect in the chloride ion conductivity of the muscle fiber membrane causes overexcitability of the muscle, which leads to seizure-like stiffness. The mutated gene which codes for the newly discovered muscular chloride ion channel was identified in the ADR mouse (with the work group TJ Jentsch). In 1992, these findings on the mouse model led to the molecular elucidation of human hereditary diseases Myotonia congenita Becker and Myotonia congenita Thomsen as mutations on one and the same gene by working groups in Hamburg, Marburg and Ulm.
  • Investigations into the hereditary neurodegeneration in the wobbler mouse, which has been investigated for decades as a model for human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). By identifying the disease gene wobbler ( wr ) as a mutation in the vesicular protein sorting gene Vps54 , which causes degeneration of motor nerve cells in the hereditary state , a connection with retrograde transport in the cell was shown (with M. Meisler, Ann Arbor ).

Proteomics of the spermiogenesis defect of the wobbler mouse.

Morphogenesis of cardiac and skeletal muscles and the pancreas in the mouse.

Theoretical models

Topology of the body plan .

Modeling of changes in the frequency of family names when choosing a rational name with Alexander Fuhrmann.

Popular scientific works

  • Harald Jockusch: The disenchanted crystals. Development, methods and results of molecular biology . Econ Verlag, 1973, ISBN 3-430-15094-9 .
  • Harald Jockusch, Heinz-Günter Wittmann: Decoding the genetic code. In: A look around in science and technology. 66, No. 2, 1966, pp. 49-55.
  • Harald Jockusch: Damage makes you smart: Defective genes reveal secrets of life. In: Achim Müller, Hans-Jürgen Quadbeck-Seeger, Ekkehard Diemann (eds.): Facets of a science. Wiley-VCH Verlag, 2004, pp. 263-279.
  • Fritz Schade, Harald Jockusch: Beguiling, intoxicating, deadly. Poisonous plants in our environment. Springer spectrum, Berlin / Heidelberg 2016, ISBN 978-3-662-47189-0 . (Drawings: Fritz Schade; Texts: Harald Jockusch)

Artistic career

The future artist Hal Jos began with caricatures and comics from 1947, and with animal and nature studies from 1950. 1952–1953 he took private drawing lessons. During this time, many portrait studies, advertising graphics and book illustrations were created. From 1956 the focus shifted to surrealistic pictures and figurative works on sculptured wooden panels with earth colors, metals, fabrics, bones and other materials. In the USA, acrylic paintings on current affairs appeared in 1968–1970, followed by graphics, “metallic art”, small bronzes and collage techniques. From 1971 to 1974 Jos was a member of the Tübingen Artists Association.

Exhibitions (selection)

  • 1974 Stiefelhof Tübingen (graphic)
  • 2008 You are welcome - Mad City 1968–1970 in the Carl-Schurz-Haus , Freiburg
  • 2008/09 participation in the regional 9, Kunsthalle Basel
  • 2012 Retrospective Hal Jos: People & times. From sketches to metallic art , Bielefeld University

Books

Published under the stage name Hal Jos:

  • The island year is gone in no time (Tübingen 1970)
  • Egg and skull shattered (St Jean de Luz / Bielefeld 1989)
  • The student and his city (Tübingen / Bielefeld 1970/1994)
  • Image contributions to Wobus, A., Wobus, U., Parthier, B .: Preserving and changing in the context of biological and cultural evolution (Halle / Stuttgart 2004)

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ H. Jockusch: In vivo and in vitro behavior of temperature-sensitive mutants of the tobacco mosaic virus. In: Z Inheritance. 95, Dec 30, 1964, pp. 379-382. PMID 14315529
  2. ↑ H. Jockusch: Temperature-sensitive mutants of the tobacco mosaic virus. I. In vivo behavior. In: Z Inheritance. 98, 1966, pp. 320-343.
  3. ↑ H. Jockusch: Temperature-sensitive mutants of the tobacco mosaic virus. II. In vitro behavior. In: Z Inheritance. 98, 1966, pp. 344-362.
  4. ↑ H. Jockusch: Stability and genetic variation of a structural protein. In: Natural Sciences . 55, 1968, pp. 514-518. PMID 5727497
  5. ^ H. Jockusch, C. Wiegand: Misfolded plant virus proteins: elicitors and targets of ubiquitylation. In: FEBS Lett . 545, 2003, pp. 229-232. PMID 12804781
  6. ↑ M. Happe, H. Jockusch: Cell-free protein synthesis resulting in active phage Qbeta replicase. In: Nat New Biol. 245, 1973, pp. 141-143. PMID 4582894
  7. ↑ G. Mehrke, H. Brinkmeier, H. Jockusch: The myotonic mouse mutant ADR: electrophysiology of the muscle fiber. In: Muscle Nerve. 11, 1988, pp. 440-446. PMID 2453798
  8. ↑ K. Steinmeyer, R. Klocke, C. Ortland, M. Gronemeier, H. Jockusch, S. Gründer, TJ Jentsch: Inactivation of muscle chloride channel by transposon insertion in myotonic mice. In: Nature . 354, 1991, pp. 304-308. PMID 1659665
  9. ↑ MC Koch, K. Steinmeyer, C. Lorenz, K. Ricker, F. Wolf, M. Otto, B. Zoll, F. Lehmann-Horn, KH Grzeschik, TJ Jentsch: The skeletal muscle chloride channel in dominant and recessive human myotonia. In: Science . 257, 1992, pp. 797-800. PMID 1379744
  10. ^ S. Wieneke, R. Stehle, Z. Li, H. Jockusch: Generation of tension by skinned fibers and intact skeletal muscles from desmin-deficient mice. In: Biochem Biophys Res Commun . 278, 2000, pp. 419-425. PMID 11097852
  11. ↑ T. Schmitt-John, C. Drepper, A. Mussmann, P. Hahn, M. Kuhlmann, C. Thiel, M. Hafner, A. Lengeling, P. Heimann, JM Jones, MH Meisler, H. Jockusch: Mutation of Vps54 causes motor neuron disease and defective spermiogenesis in the wobbler mouse. In: Nat Genet . 37, 2005, pp. 1213-1215. PMID 16244655
  12. ↑ JW Bartsch, D. Wildeboer, G. Koller, S. Naus, A. Rittger, ML Moss, Y. Minai, H. Jockusch: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) regulates shedding of TNF-alpha receptor 1 by the metalloprotease-disintegrin ADAM8: evidence for a protease-regulated feedback loop in neuroprotection. In: J Neurosci. 30, 2010, pp. 12210-12218. doi: 10.1523 / JNEUROSCI.1520-10.2010 . PMID 20826683
  13. ↑ H. Jockusch, A. Holland, L. Staunton, T. Schmitt-John, P. Heimann, P. Dowling, K. Ohlendieck: Pathoproteomics of testicular tissue deficient in the GARP component VPS54: The wobbler mouse model of globozoospermia. In: Proteomics . 2013 doi: 10.1002 / pmic.201300189 . PMID 24115398
  14. ↑ D. Eberhard, H. Jockusch: Patterns of myocardial histogenesis as revealed by mouse chimeras. In: Dev Biol. 278, 2005, pp. 336-346. PMID 15680354
  15. ↑ D. Eberhard, H. Jockusch: Clonal and territorial development of the pancreas as revealed by eGFP-labeled mouse chimeras. In: Cell Tissue Res. 342, 2010, pp. 31-38. doi: 10.1007 / s00441-010-1028-y . PMID 20803297
  16. ↑ H. Jockusch, A. Dress: From sphere to torus: a topological view of the metazoan body plan. In: Bull Math Biol. 65, 2003, pp. 57-65. PMID 12597116
  17. ↑ H. Jockusch, A. Fuhrmann: "Seldom wins" - Rare wins. Changes in the frequencies of family names as a consequence of rational choice. In: Contributions to name research. 45 (2), 2010, pp. 127-142.
personal data
SURNAME Jockusch, Harald
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hal Jos (stage name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German biologist
DATE OF BIRTH 1939
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt am Main