Harry Naujoks

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Harry Naujoks (born September 18, 1901 in Harburg (Elbe) , † October 20, 1983 in Hamburg ) was a German KPD functionary and survivor of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp .

Life

Naujoks learned the trade of boiler maker in Hamburg and was politically active in the KPD. In October 1923 he became chairman of the Hamburg Communist Youth Association (KJVD). In 1926 he married Martha Pleul , with whom he has the son Rainer.

He later acted as organizational leader of the KPD in Barmbek. From 1932 he was responsible for the KPD's work in factories at the waterfront district leadership of the KPD. From 1933 the couple continued to work illegally for the KPD. Harry Naujoks took over the work of the KPD in Lübeck on behalf of the district management . He organized a united front demonstration by the SPD and KPD against the threatening Nazi dictatorship. He was arrested at the beginning of March 1933 and sent to the Fuhlsbüttel concentration camp in May . When he was released on June 1st, he was illegally working as the political director of the KPD district northwest in Bremen . Harry Naujoks was arrested again in August 1933, was taken to the Langenlütjen I concentration camp , a fort in the mouth of the Weser, on the Ochtumsand concentration camp ship in early 1934 and then to the remand prison in Bremen. On October 29, 1934, he was sentenced to two years and three months in prison for “preparing for high treason ”. He served his sentence in the Bremen-Oslebshausen prison . He was then imprisoned in the Fuhlsbüttel concentration camp and the moor camps , and in 1936 he was brought from one of the Emsland camps to the " model concentration camp " in the Oranienburg district of Sachsenhausen. His wife Martha Naujoks had emigrated to the Soviet Union . Harry Naujoks was supposed to get a divorce, which he refused.

From November 1936 Harry Naujoks worked as a prisoner in the self-administration of the camp and in 1939 was appointed camp elder “because of his unshakable calm and organizational talent ”. In November 1942 he was seventeen other prisoners of illegal camp committee for extermination through labor into Flossenburg deported. "Only through the active solidarity of the prisoners there was he able to survive all the harassment of the guards."

His brother Henry Naujoks also participated in the resistance. He was arrested, taken to the Fuhlsbüttel concentration camp, and since December 2, 1935, he has been serving a five-year prison sentence in the Hamburg-Fuhlsbüttel prison / prison. He died as a result of his imprisonment on January 23, 1945.

In the post-war period, Naujoks became Hamburg's KPD chairman and remained politically active even after the KPD was banned in 1956. He was chairman of the Sachsenhausen Committee of the Federal Republic of Germany and was active in the International Sachsenhausen Committee . As a communist, he was involved in the association of those persecuted by the Nazi regime - Association of Antifascists (VVN).

Until his death he lived in the Stübeheide in Hamburg- Klein Borstel .

The library of Martha and Harry Naujoks was bequeathed to the Sachsenhausen Memorial and with 2,400 volumes it is the most extensive individual collection.

Ehrenfeld at the Hamburg-Ohlsdorf cemetery . Background on the left, second row from the right, last stone: Harry and Martha Naujoks .

On the Ohlsdorf cemetery , in the honorary field of the Geschwister-Scholl-Foundation, there is a joint pillow stone for Harry and Martha Naujoks, grid square Bo 73, no.12.

A stumbling block was laid for Harry Naujoks in Hamburg.

memories

Harry Naujoks became a chronicler of the Nazi crimes in Sachsenhausen concentration camp, including the so-called “Arbeitsscheu Reich” campaign in June 1938 and the SS murder campaign against the Rosa Winkel prisoners in 1942. Harry Naujoks kept his own memories and conversations with former prisoners an extensive tape collection. It gives a detailed picture of life and resistance work in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp.

The recordings were published in 1987 by his wife Martha and Ursel Hochmuth in book form under the title Mein Leben im KZ Sachsenhausen 1936–1942 . In 1989 an edition appeared in the GDR .

Fonts

  • Food for the disaster area Hamburg , Hamburg 1947.
  • Yesterday should not determine today (Sachsenhausenheft No. 3), Dortmund 1962.
  • My life in Sachsenhausen concentration camp 1936–1942. Memories of the former camp elder. Modifications made by Ursel Hochmuth. Edited by Martha Naujoks and the Sachsenhausen Committee for the FRG. Röderberg-Verlag / Pahl-Rugenstein Verlag , Cologne 1987.
  • My life in Sachsenhausen concentration camp. 1936-1942. Memories of the former camp elder . Dietz Verlag , Berlin 1989.

literature

  • Bernhard Nette: Harry Naujoks, apprentice. In: Olaf Matthes / Ortwin Pelc : People in the Revolution. Hamburg portraits 1918/19. Husum Verlag, Husum 2018, ISBN 978-3-89876-947-1 , pp. 134-135.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Martha Naujoks at Frauenbiografien hamburg.de
  2. ↑ a b c Entry on stolpersteine-hamburg.de
  3. ↑ Harry Naujoks at the Willi-Bredel-Gesellschaft Geschichtswerkstatt eV
  4. ↑ From the barracks yard to the Kleinsthof . In: Der Spiegel . No. 23 , 1947 ( online ).
  5. ^ Library of the Sachsenhausen Memorial , accessed on November 29, 2019.
  6. ^ Pillow stone Harry and Martha Naujoks at genealogy.net
personal data
SURNAME Naujoks, Harry
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German KPD functionary and chronicler of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp
DATE OF BIRTH September 18, 1901
PLACE OF BIRTH Harburg (Elbe)
DATE OF DEATH October 20, 1983
Place of death Hamburg