House Kreiser

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House at Kaiserstraße 31, architect: M. Keppeler
Cross-section of the house at Kaiserstraße 31, on the right you can see the protruding multi-storey bay window.

The Kreiser house at Kaiserstraße 31 in Heilbronn was built in 1901 for master butcher Louis Kreiser based on designs by architect Martin Keppeler . The splendid Wilhelminian style building was built on the site of the house of the late clergyman Heinrich Ludwig Münster and the former Latin school (1438), of which the old cellars have been preserved.

The magnificent building was destroyed in the Second World War. Since 1950 there has been a building built for the Herrmann steel goods store on the site of House 31.

history

Before Kaiserstraße was redesigned into a thoroughfare in 1897, the property at Kaiserstraße 31 had the address Presencegasse 7. When the houses were counted in 1855, it was given house number 880.

Latin school (1438-1620)

Heilbronn, Latin school, Kaiserstraße 31 (revised according to the archaeological city cadastre map 4, no. 51).

In 1438 there was a school building on this site, which housed the only public school in the imperial city in the 15th century. The building housed three types of school: the German school, a girls' school and a Latin school. The "narrow [...] and dark [...]" schoolhouse was in operation until 1620, and up until this point in time it was still used as a schoolhouse by the students of the German school. In a photo from 1868, instead of the original school building, a classicist new building can be seen. Some of the rectors and students of the Latin School are still known:

"Schoolchildren came from all parts of Germany and it should be almost unique that under the famous, highly respected Rector Konrad Költer [...] four important German reformers ( Erhard Schnepf , Philipp Melanchthon , Johann Lachmann and Johannes Oekolampad ) became the Mayor of Heilbronn ( Hans Riesser ). and the 'father of modern botany' Leonhart Fuchs went to school there. The successor to 'Master Konrad' was the co-author of the famous Heilbronn catechism, Kaspar Gretter von Gundelsheim … The crowning glory of this brilliant epoch of humanistic schooling was consequently the elevation of the Latin school to a grammar school (1620) "

- Helmut Schmolz and Hubert Weckbach: Heilbronn. The history and life of a city in pictures (Weißenhorn 1971), p. 94 no.263.

Bernd Röcker described the rectors before the Reformation (1431–1530), according to Konrad Költer, who was the rector of the Heilbronn Latin School from 1492 to 1527.

House of Heinrich Ludwig Münster (1723)

Heilbronn, until 1723 the house of HL Münster, then the “Der Ritter” inn, Kaiserstraße 31 and 33 (revised according to the archaeological city cadastre map 4, no. 232).

The building once located there was the house of the clergyman Heinrich Ludwig Münster (* December 5, 1662 in Flein; † March 5, 1723 in Heilbronn), later the building was used as an inn called Der Ritter .

Heinrich Ludwig Münster was a great-great-grandson of the progenitor of the Heilbronner Münster family, which occupied the pastoral positions in Heilbronn and its imperial towns for more than 150 years. Heinrich Ludwig Münster was born the son of Johann Ludwig Münster and his wife Agnes Dorothea, born in Kollenberg, and studied theology in Strasbourg and Altdorf near Nuremberg . From 1714 to 1723, as a senior member of the Heilbronn clergy, he held the first position of preacher at the Heilbronn Kilian's Church and was also a scholarch . He was pastor for 33 years, 30 of them in Heilbronn. Münster had a "considerable fortune that only a few others in the city had". The legacy of the deceased Münster is scientifically important:

“No other source can be equated with inventories when it comes to the listing of belongings. They therefore represent a treasure trove of the first order for anyone interested in cultural history. In addition, they are among the most important sources of family history. "

Louis Kreiser's house (1901)

Gable-independent house Kreiser with multi-storey bay windows and balconies, 2nd from the right.

After the renovation of Kaiserstraße in 1897, representative buildings of this time were built on many of the old properties, which rested on the cellars of the previous buildings. At Kaiserstraße 31, a building for Louis Kreiser, master butcher, was built in 1901 according to plans by the master craftsman Martin Keppeler († May 31, 1911 in Frankfurt am Main). Martin Keppeler was married to Marie Weingand and was the father of the architect Christian Keppeler (born December 6, 1874 in Heilbronn, † April 2, 1952 in Heilbronn). His construction company existed from 1875 to 1960 in Moltkestrasse. He was responsible for the construction of several now listed buildings, including the officers' mess, Bismarckstraße 67 (1897/98), and the machine factory, Olgastraße 45 (1904).

In 1914 the businessman Heinrich Grünwald , represented by his brother-in-law Siegfried Aram and lawyer Dr. Guardian, the house. Konrad Morlock had been the owner of the house since 1920, and he set up the Café Morlock in it, where concerts were given daily. The inside of the café has also been the subject of publications, for example on old Heilbronn postcards. Adolf Braunwald was entrusted with renovations for the café. The café only existed until 1922. From 1922 to 1924, Eugen Karaszkiewicz's private bank was housed in the building. Since 1933 at the latest, there has been a restaurant called Stuttgarter Hofbräu on the ground floor .

Destruction in 1944 and rebuilding in 1950

Heilbronn, Kaiserstraße 27-37 (as of 2008)

The magnificent building was destroyed in the air raids on Heilbronn on December 4, 1944. In the post-war period, the Herrmann steel goods store opened on August 19, 1950 in the post-war building at 31 Kaiserstraße.

description

Location and surroundings

The building, which stood on Kaiserstraße east of Kilian's Church in Heilbronn, was flanked on its west side by the Saemann sporting goods store at Kaiserstraße 29 and on its east side by the semi-detached house Bauknecht & Graeßle on Kaiserstraße 33-35.

Archeology, architecture and art

The building at Kaiserstraße 31 was part of a group of representative buildings extending over house numbers 25 to 37, which made Kaiserstraße the “boulevard of the Wilhelminian era”: “Nowhere was Heilbronn more metropolitan”. The cellars of the previous buildings were preserved, such as a vaulted cellar 6 meters deep.

Uwe Jacobi describes the building from 1901 as a building with a bay window and turret.

reception

The lavishly designed show facade with bay windows and turrets on Kaiserstraße could be seen directly from Klostergasse. An illustration was made by Uwe Jacobi for Heilbronn. A lost cityscape uses:

“View around 1940 into Klostergasse to the north on Kaiserstraße, which runs from left to right in the background. On the north side of Kaiserstraße you can see a commercial building with a bay window and turret, on the ground floor the restaurant Stuttgarter Hofbräu (not visible in the picture) on the right the shoe store Walch and on the left the sporting goods store Saemann. "

- Uwe Jacobi: Heilbronn a lost cityscape , p.36

Ursula Messing described the most famous inns, restaurants and cafés of the time in Heilbronn using old postcards . In addition to the Gasthaus zum Rosengarten , the restoration in the Wolfsschlucht and the Schillercafé , it also shows the Morlock café . In doing so, Messing uses a picture of the interior of the café, which was operated from 1920 to 1922 by Konrad Morlock, owner of the house, and whose interior design was designed by Adolf Braunwald:

"Here is an interior view of the Morlock café, Kaiserstraße 31, where concerts were given every day"

- Ursula Messing (ed.): Heilbronn in old postcards. Flechsig Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1980, p. 84.

Hans Franke used a picture of the house at Kaiserstraße 31 - "also the house with the Hofbräu shield " - which was made from Kiliansturm to represent the numerous Wilhelminian-style buildings of the Jewish businessman Grünwald:

“This rare photo over the choir of Kilian's Church shows the house at Kaiserstraße 40 , which was built by Heinrich Grünwald by the architect Heinrich Stroh . The Jewish Grünwald family also owned the house at Kaiserstraße 21 at the corner of Schulgasse , as well as the house with the sign “Hofbräu” and the elongated house behind Kaiserstraße 40 , which was built by the architect Prof. Emil Beutinger . The Grünwald family was known for their interest in the fine arts. "

- Hans Franke: History and Fate of the Jews in Heilbronn. From the Middle Ages to the time of the National Socialist persecution (1050–1945) , Heilbronn 1963, p. 96.

literature

  • Marianne Dumitrache, Simon M. Haag: Archaeological city cadastre Baden-Württemberg. Vol. 8: Heilbronn. Landesdenkmalamt Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-927714-51-8 , pp. 79, 133 (no. 184), p. 140 (no. 232).
  • Monument topography Baden-Württemberg. Volume I.5 Heilbronn district. Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1988-3 , pp. 77, 120, 273.
  • Helmut Schmolz , Hubert Weckbach : Heilbronn with Böckingen, Neckargartach, Sontheim. The old city in words and pictures . Weißenhorn 1966, p. 21 No. 14.
  • Hubert Weckbach: The legacy of the senior of the Heilbronn clergy Heinrich Ludwig Münster † 1723 . In: Historischer Verein Heilbronn 32, 1992, pp. 99–173, there pp. 104, 150.
  • Ursula Messing (ed.): Heilbronn in old postcards . Flechsig Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1980, p. 84.
  • Hans Franke: History and Fate of the Jews in Heilbronn. From the Middle Ages to the time of the National Socialist persecution (1050–1945) , Heilbronn 1963 (publications of the archive of the city of Heilbronn, issue 11), p. 60, 210, 230, 232 in PDF p. 97 [also the house with the shield “ Hofbräu "].
  • Helmut Schmolz, Hubert Weckbach: Heilbronn with Böckingen, Neckargartach, Sontheim. The old city in words and pictures . 3rd edition, Konrad, Weißenhorn 1966, p. 43. (= publications of the archive of the city of Heilbronn , volume 14.)
  • Document book of the city of Heilbronn. 2nd vol., Arr. v. Moriz v. Smoke. Württemberg historical sources 15 (Stuttgart 1913), nos. 665, 1024
  • Hubert Weckbach, The little girls should learn to write just like the boys. In 1738 the German schools in Heilbronn received their own regulations. In: Schwaben and Franken 27/1, Jan. 1981, 1 ff.
  • Karl-Heinz Mistele: Old Heilbronn locality names. In: Swabia and Franconia 11/7. July 10, 1965, p. 3.
  • Christhard Schrenk , Hubert Weckbach , Susanne Schlösser: From Helibrunna to Heilbronn. A city history (=  publications of the archive of the city of Heilbronn . Volume 36 ). Theiss, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-8062-1333-X , p. 41 f .
  • Wilhelm Steinhilber: The health system in old Heilbronn. Publications of the archive of the city of Heilbronn 5 (Heilbronn 1956), p. 78f.
  • Gertrud Rücklin: Religious folk life of the late Middle Ages in the imperial cities of Hall and Heilbronn, historical studies 226 (Berlin 1933), p. 26.
  • Bernhard Müller: Materials on the history of the city of Heilbronn in the late Middle Ages. Texts and materials on regional history lessons 2 (o. O uo J.) p. 19.
  • Helmut Schmolz and Hubert Weckbach: Heilbronn. The history and life of a city in pictures (Weißenhorn 1971), p. 94 no.263.
  • Friedrich Pressel: Heilbronn and his high school. In: From Heilbronn historiography. FS for Helmut Schmolz, ed. v. Christhard Schrenk and Hubert Weckbach (Weinsberg 1988), pp. 55–71, see pages 55 and 61.
  • Moriz von Rauch: Heilbronn around 1500. In: From the Heilbronner historiography. FS for Helmut Schmolz, ed. v. Christhard Schrenk and Hubert Weckbach (Weinsberg 1988), pp. 129–162, on this p. 123.
  • Heilbronn. In: Württemberg city book. ed. v. Erich Keyser (Stuttgart 1962) pp. 111–116, on this p. 116.
  • Document book of the city of Heilbronn, III. Volume, edited by Moriz von Rauch. Württemberg historical sources 15 (Stuttgart 1913), no.2190.
  • Description of the Oberamt Heilbronn, ed. vd kgl. statistical-topographical Bureau (Stuttgart 1865, unv. Nachdr. Magstadt 1974), p. 183.
  • Data from the Heilbronn city archive, signature B081-67, http://heuss.stadtarchiv-heilbronn.de/index.php?ID=103093 in the HEUSS database
  • Data from the Heilbronn city archive, signature L006-Hz Sta QuF-11, http://heuss.stadtarchiv-heilbronn.de/index.php?ID=109817 in the HEUSS database
  • Bernd Röcker: The Heilbronn Latin School and its Rectors before the Reformation (1431–1530). In: Heilbronnica [1] (2000), pp. 31-58. In particular about Konrad Költer, from 1492 to 1527 rector of the Heilbronn Latin School.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Marianne Dumitrache, Simon M. Haag: Archaeological city cadastre Baden-Württemberg. Vol. 8: Heilbronn . Landesdenkmalamt Baden-Württemberg , Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-927714-51-8 , p. 79.
  2. ^ A b Marianne Dumitrache, Simon M. Haag: Archaeological city cadastre Baden-Württemberg. Volume 8: Heilbronn. Landesdenkmalamt Baden-Württemberg , Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-927714-51-8 , p. 105, no. 51 [ School building, departed, Kaiserstraße 31, to Schulstraße (UKP No. 900)]
  3. ↑ Bernd Röcker: The Heilbronn Latin School and its Rectors before the Reformation (1431-1530). In: Heilbronnica [1] (2000), pp. 31-58.
  4. ↑ Hubert Weckbach: The legacy of the senior of the Heilbronn clergy Heinrich Ludwig Münster † 1723. In: Historischer Verein Heilbronn Jahrbuch 32/1992, p. 99–173, there p. 104: “Housing in the Presence Lane next to the Württemberg care yard and printer Johann Christian Leucht [...] ".
  5. ↑ "The printer Leucht (HT 184) gave 1744 as the address next to the" knight ". Two buildings come into question for the location of the inn, which have the numbers 881 and 879 on the primary cadastral plan from 1835. Since the much smaller no. 881 is already registered as a warehouse building in 1836, we conclude that the "knight" has set up in the house of Heinrich Ludwig Münster (no. 879), who died in 1723, whose area seems more suitable for an inn than the other alternative. ”(Source: Marianne Dumitrache, Simon M. Haag: Archäologischer Stadtkataster Baden-Württemberg. Volume 8: Heilbronn. Landesdenkmalamt Baden-Württemberg , Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-927714-51-8 , p. 140, no. 232 : Ritter, departed , Kaiserstraße 31-33 and in the street area.)
  6. ^ Hubert Weckbach: The estate of the senior of the Heilbronn clergy Heinrich Ludwig Münster † 1723 . In: Historischer Verein Heilbronn Jahrbuch 32/1992, pp. 99–173, there p. 150.
  7. ^ Hubert Weckbach: The estate of the senior of the Heilbronn clergy Heinrich Ludwig Münster † 1723 . In: Historischer Verein Heilbronn Jahrbuch 32/1992, pp. 99–173, there p. 150.
  8. ↑ Data from the Heilbronn City Archives, signature L006-Hz Sta QuF-11, http://heuss.stadtarchiv-heilbronn.de/index.php?ID=24961 in the HEUSS life data of the Keppler family
  9. ↑ http://heuss.stadtarchiv-heilbronn.de/index.php?ID=ID=24961
  10. ^ Monument topography Baden-Württemberg. Volume I.5 Heilbronn district . Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1988-3 , pp. 77, 273.
  11. ^ Monument topography Baden-Württemberg. Volume I.5 Heilbronn district . Theiss, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1988-3 , pp. 120, 273.
  12. ↑ Hans Franke : History and Fate of the Jews in Heilbronn. From the Middle Ages to the time of the National Socialist persecution (1050–1945). Heilbronn City Archives, Heilbronn 1963, ISBN 3-928990-04-7 ( PDF, 1.2 MB ), in PDF p. 97 [also the house with the “Hofbräu” sign].
  13. ↑ Hans Franke : History and Fate of the Jews in Heilbronn. From the Middle Ages to the time of the National Socialist persecution (1050–1945). Heilbronn City Archives, Heilbronn 1963, ISBN 3-928990-04-7 ( PDF, 1.2 MB ), pp. 60,210,230,232 [also the house with the “Hofbräu” sign].
  14. ↑ Ursula Messing (ed.): Heilbronn in old postcards. Flechsig Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1980, p. 84.
  15. ^ Heilbronn City Archives
  16. ↑ Uwe Jacobi: Heilbronn. A lost cityscape. Wartberg Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, p. 37.
  17. ↑ The development of chess in Heilbronn Chronicle of the Heilbronn chess club. Internet presence of the Heilbronn chess club. Last accessed on December 10, 2014.
  18. ↑ Alexander Renz, Susanne locks: Chronicle of the city of Heilbronn. Volume VI: 1945-1951. Heilbronn 1995, p. 417.
  19. ↑ Kaiserstraße 25–37: boulevard of the Wilhelminian era
  20. ^ Marianne Dumitrache, Simon M. Haag: Archaeological city cadastre Baden-Württemberg. Volume 8: Heilbronn. Landesdenkmalamt Baden-Württemberg , Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-927714-51-8 , p. 79.
  21. ↑ Uwe Jacobi: Heilbronn. A lost cityscape. Wartberg Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, p. 37.

Coordinates: 49 ° 8 '30.7 "  N , 9 ° 13' 16.8"  E