Heilgeisthospital (Stralsund)
The Heilgeisthospital zu Stralsund , today often also called Heilgeistkloster or Kloster zum Heiligen Geist , is a listed building ensemble in the Hanseatic city of Stralsund .
The hospital took in sick people and those in need, both those from Stralsund and those from abroad, and granted them care and accommodation. It was the largest charity in town. The complex never served as a monastery in the strict sense of the word; it was always a communal institution or municipal property. By paying a small financial contribution, you acquired the right to live in one of the small cells in old age. Even today the houses and apartments are secularly rented and inhabited by individuals or families.
location
The Stralsund Heilgeisthospital is located on the Am Langenwall street belonging to the harbor and is separated from the streets of Bei der Heilgeistkirche , Wasserstraße / Frankendamm and Klosterstraße to the west of the old town .
history
This oldest hospital in the city was first mentioned in 1256 as "Hospital St. Spiritus" in a deed of donation from the city of Stralsund to the hospital over a field in the Neustadt. At the time of its founding, the hospital was still located within the city walls, which provided protection and security. After its name St. Spiritus (Holy Spirit), the street on which the hospital was located was named Heilgeiststraße .
At the end of the 1320s, the hospital was relocated to the outer border of Stralsund and the old buildings were abandoned. Its location outside the city walls on the banks of what is now the Langenkanal quay meant that it was frequently subjected to sieges, cannon fire, looting and destruction.
Despite multiple destruction, the construction, reconstruction and expansion of the monastery continued at this location. At the end of the 14th century, the Heilgeistkirche was built, which is part of today's building complex. In addition to the church, this also includes the monastery hospital, the guest house ("Elendenhaus") from 1641 and a gallery-decorated church walk. This part of the building, rebuilt in the 18th century after being destroyed, became the model for the design of the inner courtyard with the gallery in Stralsund's town hall . There are also several half-timbered houses from the 18th and 19th centuries on the hospital grounds . Everything together forms a self-contained complex of buildings of various uses.
The hospital grew steadily through donations from Stralsund. 1285 donated z. B. Hinricus Albus property on Rügen , further donations from the citizens are documented, so in 1392 one sheet per bed by the councilor Wilhelm von Struncken.
In 1340 the islands of Ummanz and Hiddensee came into the possession of the monastery. Other possessions were the villages of Arendsee, Behnckenhagen (1304), Devin , Duvendiek, Kedingshagen, Lüdershagen, Mukran , Muuks, Negast , Niepars , Prohn , Zitterpenningshagen and many others; from the 17th century houses were also acquired in the city of Stralsund.
After the Heilgeistkloster and the old town of Stralsund were neglected in the GDR times until the 1980s, there were plans in the mid-1980s to reconstruct church attendance; However, the specialist staff was then withdrawn for housing construction in Berlin, the hospital continued to fall into disrepair and only narrowly escaped demolition. It wasn't fully restored until the 1990s. The German Foundation for Monument Protection contributed 1.5 million German marks to the renovation of the roof and the half-timbering of the church walk; on June 27, 1996 this was handed over for use. On August 20, 1997, the poor house was handed over again; the renovation cost 2.5 million German marks. Today the building complex is one of the city's outstanding sights and has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site Historic Old Towns Stralsund and Wismar since 2002 . The complex of Heilgeisthospital with church and the monastery buildings Heilgeistkloster 1–23 with the number 320 is entered in the list of architectural monuments in Stralsund .
Web links
literature
- Barbara Rimpel: The Heilgeisthospital in Stralsund ( DKV-Kunstführer , issue 544), German art publisher: Munich / Berlin 1999
- Dr. Hans-Joachim Hacker: The Heilgeisthospital in Stralsund . In: World Cultural Heritage . No. 02/2006 ISSN 1860-4900
- Peter Pooth , Das Heilgeisthospital zu Stralsund , edited for the print by Anke Boehk and introduced by Dirk Schleinert . In: Baltic Studies NF 105, 2019, pp. 9–51.
Coordinates: 54 ° 18 ′ 45.7 ″ N , 13 ° 5 ′ 48.9 ″ E