Heinrich Claus von Fick

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Heinrich Claus von Fick

H (e) inrich Claus (von) Fick (baptized November 3, 1678 (not 1679) in Hamburg-St. Georg ; † June 28, 1750 in Oberpahlen Castle in Livonia ) was a mayor of Eckernförde and an administrative reformer in Russia.

Live and act

Heinrich Claus Fick was a son of Gilbrecht Fick (* 1644 in Hamburg-St. Georg) and his wife Catharina, née Harms (baptized on June 26th in Hamburg-St. Georg). The maternal grandfather named Heinrich Harms was married to Alheit, nee Blechwehler. Further family backgrounds are just as unknown as the educational path. The parents left Hamburg probably around 1695 for Stralsund or Rügen. He himself said that he worked in a law firm as a teenager. In 1699 he went to Stockholm , where he wanted to find a new job. From 1700 to 1710 he did military service in the Nieroth regiment in Livonia. In 1704 he was appointed regimental quartermaster. In May 1710 he left the regiment for family reasons and received an excellent letter of recommendation.

Fick then applied to the Gottorfer Hof . Although the minister Georg Heinrich von Görtz took action against him, he got a job: In March 1711 he succeeded Anthon Rhenius as mayor of Eckernförde. His period of service ended on February 7, 1714. He resigned after the Danish King Friedrich IV had finally withdrawn the Gottorf share in the Duchy of Schleswig . Fick then spent a short time in custody in Rendsburg and then got a likely confidential position with Christian August von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf , Prince-Bishop of Lübeck and administrator for the underage Duke Carl Friedrich von Holstein-Gottorf .

In 1715 Henning Friedrich von Bassewitz helped Fick get a job as a Russian administrative specialist. At the beginning of 1716 Fick went to Stockholm , where he was supposed to get to know the exemplary Swedish constitution. At the end of 1716 he returned to Holstein with extensive education. In January 1717 he reached a definitive contract with Tsar Peter I in Amsterdam . From the end of 1717 he worked on the reform of the Russian administration in Saint Petersburg and quickly became a renowned expert. On February 12, 1717, Emperor Charles VI raised him . into the imperial nobility.

Coat of arms of the Baltic by Fick

Fick rose to the state council and deputy president of the commercial college, which was a central economic authority. In the context of domestic political incidents he was arrested in 1731 and was supposed to spend the rest of his life in Siberian exile. In 1741 the judgment was withdrawn. Fick returned to Livonia. At his death he was considered a respected and respected personality.

character

Fick was considered a very versatile man who knew how to benefit from advantages. He was proactive, committed, capable and loyal. In his office as mayor of Eckernförde, he constantly tried to promote the city's economy. Apparently, after a short time, he saw the position as the basis for further professional development. So he certainly had no objection to the occupation by the Danish king. However, he did not accept offers from the Danes that went beyond the mayor's office. What he did for Christian August von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf in particular is unclear. Fick developed into a special confidante of Bassewitz '. He advised the Russians to sign Fick for political reasons.

According to Russian documents, Fick corresponded with people in Holstein; However, there is no corresponding evidence for this. In addition, he developed close connections to people living in Holstein, with whom he communicated immediately after Duke Carl Friedrich had reached Saint Petersburg. Fick visited Carl Friedrich every day. The Duke also asked Catherine I to transfer the majority of Livonia's estates to Fick, which had belonged to the Swedish Governor General of Livonia, Count Carl Gustav von Dücker , until the Peace of Nystad (1721) . This followed the request and gave pseudo-legal reasons. The count presented him with numerous honors and made him godfather to his daughter in 1722. Fick fell out for unknown reasons with Karl Friedrich, who married Anna Petrovna, the daughter of Tsar Peters, that same year.

During the first few years in Saint Petersburg, Fick, who knew the Russian affairs well, served Holsteiners as an advisor. Obviously he made use of his contacts, which reached into the highest strata of society. His relations with Holsteiners are also said to have had an influence on his arrest; There is no evidence of this.

family

Fick married Helena (von) Kruse in Livonia in 1704, who died in 1762. She was a daughter of Lorenz (von) Kruse and his wife Maria von Passan (?). His wife's family connection probably existed with Otto Friedrich Kruse from Kiel, who worked as the court gardener of the Prince-Bishop of Lübeck Christian August.

The Fick couple had a son and nine daughters. The daughter Maria Friederica (* 1711 in Eckernförde) married Otto Reinhold Zoege von Manteuffel , who was a ducal Holstein chamberlain, on December 7, 1730 in St. Petersburg .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Silke Spieler: Fick, H (e) inrich Claus (von) . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Vol. 6, page 94.
  2. ↑ a b c d Silke Spieler: Fick, H (e) inrich Claus (von) . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Vol. 6, page 94.
  3. ↑ Silke Spieler: Fick, H (e) inrich Claus (von) . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 6 - 1982. ISBN 3-529-02646-8 , pages 94-95.
  4. ^ Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry on Dücker, Carl Gustav v., Graf since 1719. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
personal data
SURNAME Fuck, Heinrich Claus von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fick, Hinrich Claus von; Fick, Hinrich Claus; Fuck, Heinrich Claus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Mayor of Eckernförde and administrative reformer in Russia
DATE OF BIRTH baptized November 3, 1678
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamburg-St. George
DATE OF DEATH June 28, 1750
Place of death Oberpahlen Castle , Livonia