Heinrich Ritter (philosopher)

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Heinrich Ritter (born November 21, 1791 in Zerbst ; † February 3, 1869 in Göttingen ) was a philosopher and theologian , as well as the author of a multi-volume history of philosophy spread across Europe.

Life

Ritter attended high school in his hometown. Between 1811 and 1815 he studied theology and philosophy at the Universities of Halle, Göttingen and Berlin. Here he also got to know Schleiermacher's view that philosophy and theology are two separate sciences, but that their results cannot contradict one another. A thought that Augustine had already represented more than 1000 years ago. This view was reflected in Ritter's treatment of the history of philosophy. In addition to facts, he presented the regular development of the human mind. In contrast to Hegel , Ritter emphasized the close interweaving of philosophy, society and culture.

At the age of 24 he volunteered in the European war of liberation against Napoleon I in 1815 on the battlefields near his hometown. He then resumed his studies and received his doctorate two years later in Halle in 1817 with the dissertation De inscitia humana ( On human ignorance ). Immediately afterwards he qualified as a professor in Berlin with his book On the Education of the Philosopher through the History of Philosophy, which was awarded by the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin in 1817 . In it he also presented the relationship between Descartscher and Spinoza's philosophy. In the following period he read logic and the history of philosophy as a private lecturer in Berlin.

In 1824 - at the age of 33 - he received the post of associate professor of philosophy. In 1832 he became a member of the Berlin Academy. In 1833 he accepted a call from the Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel as full professor . He held this chair for philosophy for four years. In 1837 he moved to a chair at the Georg-August University in Göttingen , where he stayed until his death.

His main work History of Philosophy was published in 12 volumes in Hamburg from 1829 to 1853. This book was the result of his extensive and accurate knowledge of the subject, guided by an ability to be impartial. The value of the work is also shown in the fact that it has been translated into almost all European languages.

Heinrich Ritter also wrote essays on the ancient schools of philosophy, the Ionians , the Pythagoreans, and the Megarics .

Fonts

  • Lectures to introduce logic. with T. Trautwein, Berlin. 1823.
  • Outline of the philosophical logic. 1824.
  • History of philosophy. Hamburg 1829-1853.
  • About the relation of philosophy to life. 1835
  • with Ludwig Preller : Historia philosophiae Graeco-Romanae. 1838. 7th edition 1888.
  • Small philosophical writings. 1839-1840.
  • Attempt to come to an understanding about the latest German philosophy since Kant. 1853.
  • System of logic and metaphysics. 1856.
  • Christian philosophy down to the most recent times. 2 volumes. 1858-1859. A supplement to the history of philosophy.
  • Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences. 1862-1864.
  • Ernest Renan, on science and history. 1865.
  • About evil and its consequences. 1869.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Andreas Arndt: Friedrich Schleiermacher as a philosopher . Berlin / Boston 2013, p. 18.
  2. ↑ Cf. Augustine: About the true religion . III, 4.
  3. ↑ See Günter Scholtz: Heinrich Ritter . In: Neue Deutsche Biographie 21 (2003), pp. 656–657.
personal data
SURNAME Ritter, Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH November 21, 1791
PLACE OF BIRTH Zerbst
DATE OF DEATH February 3, 1869
Place of death Goettingen