Henricus de Culmine

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Henricus de Culmine ( fl. 1319–1350) was a Scholasticus , master's degree and school rector and the founder of the Kiel School of Academics , one of the oldest schools in Germany.

Life

Henricus was a canon from Lübeck, among others . He is mentioned for the first time as a witness in a document from the Preetz monastery from February 10, 1319. Henricus is referred to as rector scolarum in "Lubeke". This Scholasticus Henricus is to be equated with the Magister and Pastor Henricus de Culmine, "nunc scolasticus in Kyl" (now Scholasticus in Kiel ), the Count Johann II of Holstein-Kiel on February 17, 1320 the privilege to establish the only approved school issued in Kiel. He received personal benefits such as exemption from the residence obligation and was appointed Scholasticus (rector). This identification is underpinned by the fact that the Lübeck cathedral dean Segebandus had carried out the appointment on behalf of the count. On September 30, 1335, Count Johann III. von Holstein-Kiel this privilege. Henricus, whose services to the school are emphasized, is still referred to as a Lübeck cleric. In 1337 he appeared in several documents as a witness to a trial in Hamburg . The privilege granted the Scholasticus the income from the school as a benefice . Henricus was not obliged to give the lessons himself on a permanent basis. He probably lived again later in Lübeck and employed a teacher in Kiel. Presumably the lessons began in Kiel in the sacristy of the Nikolaikirche in Kiel . In 1343 Henricus rented the income from his school to the Bordesholm monastery . At that time he was already Domscholasticus at Schwerin Cathedral . In the following years he reappeared several times as a witness on documents from Lübeck on which he was described as Scolasticus Swerinensis , although he probably never lived there. In 1350, when the Kiel school had grown so much that its own school building became necessary, he negotiated its financing with the city of Kiel.


The historian Emil Waschinski (1872–1971), who himself had been a teacher at the Kiel School of Scholars from 1919–1934, put Henricus de Culmine in his posthumous essay in 1972, Magister Henricus de Culmine - A Canon as Rector in Kiel with Scholasticus Henricus attested in 1275 in Culm (today: Chełmno , Poland) in the area of ​​the Teutonic Order . He concluded this from the surname Culmine, which would prove the origin from Kulm, which seems plausible when considering the usual use of surnames of the time. Culm became a diocese on July 29, 1243 and received a cathedral school around 1275 , for which a Magister Henricus from Münsterberg ( Silesia ) is attested as the successor to Magister Theodoryk, the first Culmer Domscholasticus. According to Waschinski, after a few decades in Culm, this Henricus moved to the Diocese of Lübeck at some point and from there around 1350 to Schwerin, where he became provost of the cathedral under the name Hinrich von Siggen . The Lübeck historian Jürgen Reetz referred these equations to the realm of fantasy in 1976. Due to the large time lag between the mentions, at least two people from different generations must have been involved. Even historical analyzes reveal the rivalry between the cities of Kiel and Lübeck.

literature

  • Jürgen Reetz : Two remarkable 14th century Lübeck clergymen: Hinricus de Culmine and Goswinus Grope . In: Journal of the Association for Lübeck History and Antiquity, Vol. 56, 1976, pp. 107–111. ( Download volume 56 )

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Paul Ewald Hasse : Certificate No. 381 . In: Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburg regest and documents . tape 3 . Hamburg and Leipzig 1896, p. 206 f . ( [1] ).
  2. ^ Paul Ewald Hasse: Certificate No. 404 . In: Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburg regest and documents . tape 3 . Hamburg and Leipzig 1896, p. 220 ( [2] ).
  3. ^ Paul Ewald Hasse: No. 905 . In: Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburg regest and documents . tape 3 . Hamburg and Leipzig 1896, p. 517 ( [3] ).
  4. ↑ Jürgen Reetz: Two remarkable Lübeck clergy of the 14th century: Hinricus de Culmine and Goswinus Grope . In: Journal of the Association for Lübeck History and Antiquity, Vol. 56, 1976, pp. 107–111, p. 108.
  5. ↑ Jürgen Reetz: Two remarkable Lübeck clergy of the 14th century: Hinricus de Culmine and Goswinus Grope . In: Journal of the Association for Lübeck History and Antiquity, Vol. 56, 1976, pp. 107–111, p. 109.
  6. ^ Paul Ewald Hasse: Certificate No. 425 . In: Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburg regest and documents . tape 4 . Hamburg and Leipzig 1924.
  7. ↑ Gottfried Ernst Hoffmann: Professor Dr. Emil Waschinski . In: Journal of the Society for Schleswig-Holstein History, Vol. 94, 1972, pp. 9-14.
  8. ^ Emil Waschinski : Magister Henricus de Culmine - A canon as rector in Kiel . In: West Prussia yearbook . tape 22 , 1972, p. 77-82 .
  9. ↑ Jürgen Reetz: Two remarkable Lübeck clergy of the 14th century: Hinricus de Culmine and Goswinus Grope . In: Zeitschrift des Verein für Lübeckische Geschichte und Altertumskunde Vol. 56, 1976, pp. 107–111, p. 107.
personal data
SURNAME Henricus de Culmine
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Teacher and school principal
DATE OF BIRTH 13th century or 14th century
DATE OF DEATH around 1351