Henry Chaplin, 1st Viscount Chaplin

Henry Chaplin (painting by Arthur Stockdale Cope , 1908)

Henry Chaplin, 1st Viscount Chaplin , PC (born December 22, 1840 in Ryhall , Rutland , England , † May 29, 1923 in Londonderry House , London ) was a British politician of the Conservative Party and owner of racehorses.

Chaplin was from 1868 to 1916 with a short interruption Member of Parliament ( House of Commons ) , 1885-1886 Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster ( Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster ) , 1889-1892 Agriculture Minister (President of the Board of Agriculture) and from 1895 to 1900 local minister (President of the Local Government Board) was.

In 1916 he was as Viscount Chaplin knighted and was therefore up to his death in 1923, a member of the upper house ( House of Lords ) .

Life

Family origins and large landowners

Henry Chaplin (1859)

Chaplin was the third of five children of Reverend Henry Chaplin and his wife Caroline Horatia Ellice. His older sister Helen Matilda Chaplin was married to the House of Commons William Pleydell-Bouverie , who also became a member of the House of Lords in 1889 after inheriting the title of 5th Earl of Radnor . His older brother Charles Chaplin died at the age of twelve. His younger brother Colonel Edward Chaplin was the husband of Guendolen Theresa Chetwynd-Talbot, daughter of Charles Chetwynd-Talbot, 19th Earl of Shrewsbury . His youngest brother was Cecil Chaplin, who was married to Emily Cecilia Boyle, whose father Robert Edward Boyle was also a member of the House of Commons and Colonel of the Coldstream Guards .

Henry Chaplin himself attended the renowned Harrow School from 1854 to 1856 and studied at Christ Church at the University of Oxford between 1859 and 1860 , where he belonged to the circle of friends of the future King Edward VII . By inheritance, at the age of 21, he became a large landowner in 1861 with extensive estates in Lincolnshire , Nottinghamshire and Yorkshire . In 1864 he was engaged to Lady Florence Cecilia Paget, a daughter of Henry Paget, 2nd Marquess of Anglesey , who then married Henry Rawdon-Hastings, 4th Marquess of Hastings on July 16, 1864 .

Member of the House of Commons, Minister and Member of the House of Lords

On November 17, 1868 Chaplin was for the Conservative Party for the first time as a member of the lower house ( House of Commons ) selected and represented in this until November 24, 1885 constituency Mid Lincolnshire . From 1873 until his death in 1923 he was also involved for fifty years as a steward of the Jockey Club , the final authority on all questions relating to horse racing in England. During this time he was a member of the Royal Commission on Agriculture in 1881 . On June 23, 1885 he was appointed as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster ( Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster ) in the Salisbury I cabinet , to which he was a member until February 1, 1886. On June 24, 1885, he was also appointed a member of the Privy Council (PC). On November 24, 1885, he was re-elected as a member of the House of Commons, where he represented the constituency of Sleaford until January 12, 1906 .

In the Salisbury II cabinet he served between August 3, 1886 and August 15, 1892 as Minister of Agriculture (President of the Board of Agriculture) and was reappointed to the Royal Agriculture Commission after leaving the government in 1893. In the Salisbury III cabinet he finally took over the office of local minister (President of the Local Government Board) on June 25, 1895 and held this position until his replacement by Walter Long on November 12, 1900. After leaving the cabinet, Chaplin, who received an honorary doctorate in law (Honorary LL.D.) from the University of Edinburgh , was a member of the Royal Commission on the Supply of Food in 1903 and Raw Materials) and 1904 member of the Tariff Commission .

After Chaplin had suffered a narrow electoral defeat against Arnold Lupton of the Liberal Party in the general election from January 12 to February 8, 1906 , Chaplin was re-elected to the House of Commons in a by-election in the Wimbledon constituency. In this election he was able to prevail against the candidate of the Liberal Party, Bertrand Russell . He was a member of the House of Commons until April 8, 1916. Chaplin presided over the Carlton Club meeting in 1911 , at which the Conservative MPs, Andrew Bonar Law, elected their new chairman.

After retiring from the House of Commons Chaplin was a Letters Patent of 20 June 1916 as hereditary Viscount Chaplin , of St Oswald's, Blankney, in the County of Lincoln, in the hereditary nobility ( Hereditary peerage ) the Peerage of the United Kingdom collected and owned by until his death in 1923 the upper house ( house of Lords ) as a member. After his death on May 29, 1923, he left an inheritance of £ 4,866 and was buried at St. Oswald's in Blankney.

Marriage and offspring

On November 15, 1876, in Trentham Hall , he married Lady Florence Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, daughter of George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 3rd Duke of Sutherland , and his wife Anne Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, Duchess of Sutherland and Countess of Cromarie . His marriage resulted in a son and two daughters.

His only son, Eric Chaplin, inherited the title of 2nd Viscount Chaplin and the associated membership in the House of Lords after his death . His older daughter Edith Helen Chaplin was the wife of Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry, and wrote a biography of her father entitled Henry Chaplin. A memoir: prepared by the Marchioness of Londonderry (1926), while his younger daughter Florence Chaplin was married to Charles Richard Hoare.

Publications

• Bimetallism. Speech in the House of Commons, June 4th, 1889 , Manchester 1889
• Memorandum ... on the proposed reciprocity between Canada and the United States of America and most-favored-nation treaties , London 1911

Background literature

• Edith Helen Vane-Tempest-Stewart, Marchioness of Londonderry: Henry Chaplin. A memoir: prepared by the Marchioness of Londonderry , 1926

Web links

• Henry Chaplin, 1st Viscount Chaplin at Hansard (English)
• Entry in Cracroft's Peerage
• Entry in Leigh Rayment Peerage
• Entry in The Peerage
• Proof of publication ( Open Library )
• Bibliography (Open Library)

predecessor	Office	successor
New title created	Viscount Chaplin 1916-1923	Eric Chaplin