Herder Institute (Radebeul)

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In the Herder Institute Radebeul Department ( Central School until 1968 ), between 1962 and 1992 around 4600 foreign young people from around 100 countries completed several months of German language courses. The young people were prepared for the following two-year vocational training in industrial companies in the GDR.

Herderpark senior citizens' residence, from Meißnerstrasse (2012)
Dr. Oeder's diet spa (1902)

History of the institute

Herderpark senior citizens' residence, from Borstrasse in the north

The Herder Institute Radebeul Department was founded in June 1962 on the basis of a decision by the Ministry of Popular Education in the GDR and the State Secretariat for Vocational Training as a central school for foreign citizens to prepare language for production engineering training . The facility was housed in a larger building complex at Borstrasse  9 in the Niederlößnitz district, on the north-facing slope above Meißner Strasse. Originally from 1883, Dr. Kadner's Sanatorium , which was sold by its owner in 1899 and from then on as Dr. Oeder's diet spa was operated. This also included the extension building at Schweizerstrasse  3 , which is now a listed building .

In three-month language courses, foreign students should be taught German in order to prepare them for the following two-year vocational training in industrial companies in the GDR. The languages ​​of communication were French and Spanish. The aim was that the young adults trained in this way should then return to their home countries to help build their country there.

The Central School was affiliated to the Herder Institute in Leipzig on January 1, 1968 . From 1980, the language courses were extended to five months in order to be able to convey a corresponding technical vocabulary for the following industrial training. The textbook Guten Tag, Kollege was specially developed for this purpose. By 1980, 4,600 young people from around 100 countries in Asia , Africa and Latin America had been trained in Radebeul . The Radebeul employees of the Herder Institute were deployed across the GDR as a result of the experience they had acquired to train foreign interns at other locations.

At the end of December 1992, the Radebeul department of the Herder Institute ceased operations.

History of the property

Isolated villa on the east side of the entrance courtyard on Borstrasse

The merchant Gustav Ludwig Schnabel, owner of the property since at least 1848, had a villa built by the builder Christian Gottlieb Ziller on the slope edge above Meißner Straße , on the western side of the property. This is mentioned by Hofmann in 1853 in The Meissner Netherlands… : “Further along the Chaussee are a little higher up in pleasant flower and vineyards, the 4 extremely tasteful villas built by the carpenter Ziller a few years ago, the first of which is now the Russian pharmacist Stolle from Moscow The second was Kaufm. Schnabel, the third before Kaufm. Weiß and the fourth now the judicial director. Nörner owns. - This is followed by the beautiful, large inn "zur golden Weintraube" ... ". The two neighboring properties are the Catholic rectory in Radebeul in the west and Villa Borstrasse 7 in the east.

For the year 1860 a vineyard with a garden is listed there for the Dresden brewery owner Carl Gottlob Schneider. The house was extended in 1866 by the owner Franz Hammer.

In April 1883, the doctor and naturopath Paul Kadner (1850–1922), whose father Paul Theodor Noa (* 1818) had already been involved in the founding of the Niederlößnitz hospital in the 1840s, asked the Royal Administrative Authority Dresden-Neustadt to move into To be allowed to operate a private sanatorium for internal and nervous diseases in the building erected 1880–1883 ​​east of the villa by the construction company "Gebrüder Ziller" . The request was officially granted in June 1883. Since then the hospital has been called Dr. Kadner's Sanatorium, Niederlößnitz; Dietary health center for sick people of all kinds . In 1885 renovations and the addition of a dining room took place. In September 1893, the concession to operate the spa was extended to include Kadner's employees and partner Greif. The treatment methods ranged from nutritional cures, hydro and electrotherapy to massages and therapeutic gymnastics. Kadner also used Schroth's healing method , as he himself grew up in his father's Schroth sanatorium in Dresden. The prices of the cures were relatively high. Kadner wrote the work on the application of dietary curative methods for chronic diseases , published by Heuser in Berlin, Neuwied 1889.

Extension at Schweizerstrasse 3

In 1890, Kadner applied for a large extension building in the nearby Schweizerstrasse, which was not approved due to its size. In 1892 another application followed for a somewhat reduced extension at Schweizerstrasse 3 , which was realized by the builder Adolf Neumann . In 1896 the number of beds had to be increased from 30 to 45.

In December 1899 the health resort was sold to Gustav Rudolf Johann Oeder, who named it Dr. Oeder's diet cure facility and Niederlössnitz diet cure facility continue to operate. In 1906, Oeder had modernization work carried out and extensions to the existing buildings in 1911/1912. Oeder died in November 1923. He left numerous writings that dealt in particular with supplying the population with food.

In September 1924 Richard Gotthold Lang took over the management of the sanatorium owned by the widow Oeders, Annamaria, without a license. For not having this license, first the widow and then her director were sentenced to a fine of 50 marks or 5 days in prison in February.

In the following year, 1926, the Dresden City Council took over the property as owner. In future he used the building as the Niederlößnitz retirement home of the city of Dresden's home for the elderly . In 1931, at the time of his death, the Baltic-German Joseph Schomacker lived there , who had won a bronze medal in sailing for Russia at the 1912 Olympic Games. In 1945 the Soviet Army took over the building for its own use. In 1960 the Free German Youth moved into the rooms.

From mid-1962, the property was assigned to the Central School for Foreign Citizens, newly founded by the Ministry of National Education, for language preparation for production-technical training , which was later incorporated into the Herder Institute in Leipzig as the Radebeul department and carried out this task until the end of 1992 .

In the following years, the ensemble of buildings with its park extending down to Meißner Strasse was converted into a retirement home for age-appropriate living. The first of the 29 two-room and 27 one-room apartments were ready for occupancy from November 2000. The name of the Herder Institute will be continued in the name of Herderpark Senior Citizens' Residence . The listed extension building on Schweizerstrasse received recognition in 2006 when the Radebeul Builders Prize was awarded annually .

Building description

Dr. Oeder's diet cure facility, photo around 1910
(with details of the facade design of the Zillervilla)

The saddle roof-like main building is traufständig to Meissner road at the edge of the slope on the south side of the building group. In front of the building erected in 1883 there is a large hall extension from 1960 facing the valley. At the southwest corner of the main building, and thus roughly in the middle of the view of the garden, there is a dominant, four-story, square tower with a protruding pyramid roof with a weather vane and rose window. Under the roof there is an outwardly emphasized viewing floor with coupling windows .

To the left of the main building is the two-storey villa with a mansard roof , dating from around 1850 , which has been changed several times over the years. A flat connecting structure with a wooden lattice on top runs between the villa and the main building behind the tower.

On the northern side of the group of buildings, facing Borstrasse, there are “diverse additions” that encompass a courtyard. The original entrance situation has been preserved in the courtyard: The entrance is flanked by two octagonal turrets with a balcony. On the western side of the courtyard there is a group of three gabled houses facing Borstrasse, which surround a terrace . On the east side of the courtyard is a single villa with a gable roof facing Borstrasse. This building is built in the style of reform architecture .

All the buildings are smoothly plastered, and many windows are framed by sandstone walls.

The park consists of old trees.

Fonts

  • Rudek Lüderitz Heuse Knierim: Hello colleague! German for foreigners. VEB Verlag Encyclopedia, Leipzig 1988.

literature

  • Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 .
  • Wilma Gramkow: The Herder Institute in Leipzig through the ages 1961–1990 . A contribution to the history of the Herder Institute at the Karl Marx University in Leipzig. Hamburg 2006, III.3.2.4. Radebeul Department, S. 213–215 ( uni-hamburg.de [PDF; accessed on June 28, 2012] Dissertation to obtain a doctorate in philosophy).
  • Markus Hansel; Thilo Hansel; Thomas Gerlach (epilogue): In the footsteps of the Ziller brothers in Radebeul . Architectural considerations. 1st edition. Notschriften Verlag, Radebeul 2008, ISBN 978-3-940200-22-8 .
  • Volker Helas (arrangement): City of Radebeul . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony, Large District Town Radebeul (=  Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Saxony ). SAX-Verlag, Beucha 2007, ISBN 978-3-86729-004-3 .

Web links

Commons : Herder Institute  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Manfred Richter: Dr. Oeder's diet spa; Borstrasse 9. In: Niederlößnitz from yesteryear. Retrieved June 28, 2012 .
  2. ↑ a b c Frank Andert (Red.): Stadtlexikon Radebeul . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 , p. 96 .
  3. ↑ a b Volker Helas (arrangement): City of Radebeul . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony, Large District Town Radebeul (=  Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Saxony ). SAX-Verlag, Beucha 2007, ISBN 978-3-86729-004-3 , p. 270 f .
  4. ↑ Wilma Gramkow: The Herder Institute in Leipzig through the ages 1961–1990 . A contribution to the history of the Herder Institute at the Karl Marx University in Leipzig. Hamburg 2006, p. 213-215 .
  5. ^ Karl Julius Hofmann: The Meissen Netherlands in its natural beauties and peculiarities or Saxon Italy in the Meissen and Dresden areas with their localities. A folk book for nature and patriot friends presented topographically, historically and poetically . Louis Mosche, Meißen 1853, p. 712. ( online version )
  6. ↑ Erich Ebstein:  Schroth, Johannes . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 54, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1908, pp. 219-222.
  7. ↑ Radebeuler Bauherrenpreis 2006. In: Radebeuler Bauherrenpreis. Association for Monument Preservation and New Buildings, Radebeul, accessed on June 17, 2012 .
  8. ↑ Markus Hansel; Thilo Hansel; Thomas Gerlach (epilogue): In the footsteps of the Ziller brothers in Radebeul . Architectural considerations. 1st edition. Notschriften Verlag, Radebeul 2008, ISBN 978-3-940200-22-8 , p. 52 f .

Coordinates: 51 ° 6 ′ 22.5 ″  N , 13 ° 39 ′ 11 ″  E