Hermann II (Cilli)

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Hermann II (* 1365 ; † October 13, 1435 in Pressburg ) was Count of Cilli , Ortenburg and in Seger, and since 1406 the hereditary Ban of Slavonia .

Depiction of Hermann II von Cilli at the Council of Constance 1414-1418 (1483)

Life

Count Hermann II was the son of Hermann I († 1385) and Katharina, a daughter of King Stjepan II of Bosnia. He became the actual founder of power in the House of Cilli. In the battle of Nikopolis in 1396 he commanded the Styrian contingent against the Turks. Together with Johann III. Burgrave of Nuremberg , he covered the escape of King Sigismund of Hungary and saved him from captivity. After the rescued group had escaped at sea, it was possible after detours to land in Ragusa on December 21, 1396 and to reach home. After King Sigismund was imprisoned by the Hungarian estates in 1401, Hermann von Cilli obtained his release from the captivity of the palatine Nikolaus von Gara . Hermann's daughter Anna was later married to the Palatine for a stronger bond with the Gara family. As early as 1402, Hermann accompanied his king when King Wenceslas was arrested on the Hradschin. In 1403 the count founded the Carthusian monastery Pleteriach ( Pleterje in Slovene ) near Šentjernej in Lower Carniola . Hermann's thirteen-year-old daughter Barbara was married to Sigismund of Hungary in 1405, and he himself was the king's most powerful advisor. The initiative for this connection came from Sigismund, who wanted to secure the great influence of the count in Hungary. The strong ties of the Cillier to the House of Luxembourg, however, led to alienation with the previously associated House of Habsburg, both of which sought dominance in the Pannonian region.

When his son Friedrich II eliminated his wife Elisabeth Frankopan in 1422 in order to be able to marry his concubine Veronika von Deschenitz , the Frangepan clan was severely snubbed. Hermann II expelled his son and wanted to see the younger Hermann as his successor, but he died in a hunting accident in 1426. Hermann II had Veronika imprisoned and drowned at Osterwitz Castle in 1425. King Tvrtko II. Tvrtkovic of Bosnia declared in 1427 in the event of his childless death that Hermann II and his male heirs would be the heirs of his kingdom.

Seal of Hermann II (drawing, 1896)

Around 1432 Hermann's grandson Ulrich II married Katarina, daughter of the Serbian King Georg Branković . The strong position of the non-ethnic Cillier in southern Hungary and their strong influence on the king made the family unpopular with the Hungarian classes. On September 27, 1435, Count Hermann in Pressburg was raised to the rank of imperial prince by Emperor Sigismund, together with his son Friedrich II and his grandson Ulrich II. Thanks to a sophisticated marriage policy, large parts of today's Slovenia and Croatia were in the hands of the Cillier. When Duke Friedrich V of Austria, as overlord of Carinthia and southern Styria, viewed this Cillier uprising as an unjustified interference with his state rights, he was severely reprimanded by Emperor Sigismund. When Hermann's grandson Ulrich II was killed in an attack by the Hunyadis in 1456, the rise of the house came to an abrupt end.

progeny

Hermann II had married Countess Anna († before 1396), daughter of Heinrich VII. Von Schaunberg in 1377 and inherited their property, five children came from the connection:

  • Friedrich II. (* 1379, † 1454), married to Elisabeth Frankopan
  • Hermann III. (* around 1380, † 1426)
  • Anna, (* around 1384, † 1439) married in 1402 to Nikolaus von Gara
  • Barbara (* 1392, † 1451), married to King Sigismund of Hungary
  • Elisabeth († 1426), married to Count Heinrich von Görz

came from Count Hermann's illegitimate but subsequently legitimized relationship:

  • Hermann (1383–1421), Prince-Bishop of Freising 1412–1421, Prince-Bishop of Trient 1421

literature

Web links

Commons : Hermann II. (Cilli)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Hermann II.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hermann II of Cilli
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Count of Croatia, Slovenia and Dalmatia
DATE OF BIRTH 1365
DATE OF DEATH October 13, 1435
Place of death Pressburg