Reign of Scharfeneck
The rule of Scharfeneck, southwest of Neustadt an der Weinstrasse , in Rhineland-Palatinate , was a formerly independent territory within the Holy Roman Empire .
history
The rule was named after Neuscharfeneck Castle above the village of Ramberg in the Palatinate Forest , or after its former owners, the Lords of Scharfeneck. The latter died out with Friedrich von Scharfeneck in 1416 and the area fell to the Electoral Palatinate .
Elector Friedrich I the Victorious (1425–1476) ruled the Electoral Palatinate in place of his nephew, who later became Elector Philip the Sincere . Friedrich I had two sons with his wife Clara Dett , who came from the lower nobility . Both were not entitled to inheritance in the Electoral Palatinate. The older son, Friedrich von Bayern (1460–1474), died early as a cleric. For the care of the younger son Ludwig von Bayern (1463–1523) elector Friedrich u. a. the now small Palatinate territory of the "Herrschaft Scharfeneck" , with Neuscharfeneck Castle as the center. However, it remained part of the entails of all Wittelsbach holdings. This provision was confirmed by the successor, Elector Philip the Sincere, and carried out at the beginning of 1477. In 1488, Ludwig of Bavaria also received the electoral Palatinate county of Löwenstein and from that time on the family called themselves Löwenstein or Löwenstein-Scharfeneck, from which the current princes of Löwenstein-Wertheim developed with different branches of the family.
Count Georg Ludwig von Loewenstein-Scharfeneck (1587-1633), last male descendant of his branch of the family and supporters of the Reformation, fell in 1622 as a partisan of the rebellious Winter King Frederick V of the Palatinate the imperial ban and the rule Scharfeneck was forfeited. In 1633 the male line died out with him.
In 1634, Emperor Ferdinand II transferred the rule of Scharfeneck to Count Johann Dietrich from the related, Catholic, ultimately princes of the Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort family branch (later renamed Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg ), who owned the area until the French occupation in 1794. The seat of government was initially Wertheim am Main , then Löwenstein Castle in Kleinheubach .
On December 28, 1793 the princely Löwenstein administration left the Scharfeneck rule and never returned. The territory was occupied by France in 1794, annexed to the French Republic in 1798 and ceded under international law in the Peace of Lunéville in 1801 .
In the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803, the Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg house received territorial compensation on the Lower Main for its lost areas on the left bank of the Rhine - mainly the Scharfeneck rule. As a result, the Löwensteiners succeeded in consolidating their national territory on the right bank of the Rhine. Already in 1806 the whole Principality, however, was of the Confederation of the Rhine States mediated and split to give the hitherto sovereign prince of Loewenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg in Standesherren transformed.
territory
In 1793 the Löwensteiner rule Scharfeneck included the following left-bank villages: Albersweiler -Ortsteil St. Johann with administrative headquarters Ramberg , Dernbach , Bindersbach and in Alzey located Exklavedorf Gau-Köngernheim .
The local coat of arms of Dernbach still bears the red lion of the Löwenstein family and thus refers to the village's former affiliation to the Scharfeneck rule. The red lion in the Ramberg coat of arms has the same historical relevance (although it is sometimes wrongly interpreted as an Electoral Palatinate); likewise with that in the municipal coat of arms of Bindersbach.
The administrative seat of the Scharfeneck estate was initially Neuscharfeneck Castle , which was blown up in the Thirty Years' War in 1629 or 1633. Then the administration was moved to the convent building of the closed Reuerinnenkloster St. Johann zu Albersweiler. In 1764 Prince Karl Thomas (1714–1789) had the convent (apart from the church) demolished and the rococo-style official palace built there as the seat of government of the Scharfeneck rulership (now the BASF study house).
literature
- Johann Ludwig Klüber : The marital descent of the Princely House of Löwenstein-Wertheim from the Elector Friedrich the Victorious of the Palatinate. Frankfurt am Main 1837, pages 202-240; Google Books
- Lukas Grünenwald : The rule Scharfeneck on the Queich. Speyer 1927
- Michael Frey : Attempt of a geographical-historical-statistical description of the royal Bavarian Rhine district. Volume 1, pages 327-328, Speyer 1836; Google Books
Web links
- Website of the Baden-Württemberg State Archives on the Scharfeneck rule
- Website about the Scharfeneck rule
Individual evidence
- ^ Website about Georg Ludwig von Löwenstein-Scharfeneck
- ↑ Dieter Merzbacher: Letters from the Fruitful Society and Supplements, 1630–1636. 2003, page 441, ISBN 3484176075 ; Scan from the source
- ^ Emil Friedrich Heinrich Medicus: "History of the Protestant Church in the Kingdom of Bavaria" , Supplementary Volume Rheinpfalz, Erlangen 1865; Google Books
- ↑ On the history of Albersweiler
- ↑ On the story of Ramberg
- ↑ On the history of Dernbach. Retrieved December 26, 2019 .
- ↑ On the history of Bindersbach. Retrieved December 26, 2019 .
- ↑ On the history of Gau-Köngernheim
- ↑ Website on the Dernbach municipal coat of arms . Retrieved December 26, 2019 .
- ↑ Website on the Ramberg coat of arms
- ^ Website on the Bindersbach coat of arms
- ↑ Website of the municipality of Albersweiler with its own section on Löwenstein Castle in the St. Johann district and a photo that can be enlarged