Hintereisferner

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Hintereisferner
Hintereisferner from the east, from the rear ice (2010)

Hintereisferner from the east, from the rear ice (2010)

location Tyrol , Austria
Mountains Ötztal Alps
Type Valley glacier
length 6.8 km (2010)
surface 6.86 km² (2010)
Exposure Nutrient area: east; Consumption area: northeast
Altitude range 3727  m above sea level A.  -  2400  m above sea level A. (2010)
Coordinates 46 ° 48 '0 "  N , 10 ° 46' 12"  E Coordinates: 46 ° 48 '0 "  N , 10 ° 46' 12"  E
Hintereisferner (Tyrol)
Hintereisferner
drainage Rofenache → Venter Ache → Ötztaler Ache → Inn
Template: Infobox Glacier / Maintenance / Image description missing

The Hintereisferner in the Ötztal Alps is one of the largest glaciers in Tyrol with an area of ​​a little less than 7 km² .

Position and shape

Hintereisferner from the northeast, above the Hochjochhospiz

The Hintereisferner lies on the main Alpine ridge in the Rofental , an extension of the Venter Valley , which in turn is a side valley of the Ötztal . From the 3738  m high Weißkugel , the Hintereisferner, which is a little less than 7 kilometers long, first flows eastwards and then northeastwards into the Rofental.

The Hintereisferner is a typical alpine valley glacier with a long, pronounced tongue that lies in a uniformly sloping trough valley . The firn area of the Hintereisferner is limited in the southeast by the peaks Im Hintern Eis (3270 m), Teufelsegg (3226 m) and the Innere Quellspitze (3516 m), in the northwest by the Langtauferer Spitze (3529 m) and the Weißkugel .

history

Map of the Hintereisferner from 1899 (Adolf Blümcke and Hans Hess)
Marking above the highest level of 1850 on the ascent to the Hochjochhospiz. On the left the Rofenbergalm.

Glacier research has been carried out on the Hintereisferner for over 100 years. The drilling of the ice in several places around 1900 led to the development of the flow theory of glacier ice. The mass balance measurements carried out by the Institute for Meteorology and Geophysics at the University of Innsbruck represent one of the world's longest time series. On the east ridge of the Langtaufererspitze, which runs down to the glacier, there is a weather station at an altitude of 3026 m and an ombrometer below it.

The Hintereisferner reached its highest level in recent history in 1850, when its tongue reached over the tributary of the Hochjochbach to under the Rofenbergalm, which corresponded to a length of 10 km. The Kesselwandferner flowed into the Hintereisferner until around 1920 . From the west, the Langtaufererjochferner flowed into the Hintereisferner at an altitude between 2700 m and 2800 m until 1999.

The moraine on the left edge of the picture shows how powerful the Hintereisferner used to be.

Since 1850 the volume of the Hintereisferner has been reduced to a third and still reaches around 0.5 km 3 . Currently, his tongue is heavily covered in debris, so its melting is slowed.

Literature and maps

Web links

Commons : Hintereisferner  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b WGMS: Fluctuations of Glaciers Database. World Glacier Monitoring Service, Zurich 2012 ( doi: 10.5904 / wgms-fog-2012-11 ), accessed on February 7, 2013
  2. ^ A b c World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS): Fluctuations of Glaciers 2005–2010 (Vol. X). Zurich 2012 ( online ( memento from March 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ); PDF file; 4.81 MB)
  3. ↑ Adolf Blümcke, Hans Hess: Investigations on the Hintereisferner (=  scientific supplements to the journal of the German and Austrian Alpine Association . Volume 1 , no. 2 ). Munich 1899.
  4. ^ Alpenvereinskarte 30/2 "Ötztaler Alpen / Weißkugel", 10th edition 2013, publisher: Österreichischer Alpenverein, ISBN 978-3-928777-39-1 .
  5. ↑ Sandra Müller et al .: Where did the Hintereisferner go? Leaflet, Graefenberg 2013.