Hirschberg Castle (North Rhine-Westphalia)
The Hirschberg Castle was a hunting lodge of the Elector of Cologne on the foundations of an older castle. It was near Hirschberg , now part of Warstein . The only remaining part of the complex besides the former stables is the main gate from the 18th century, which was integrated into the building complex of the former Wedinghausen Abbey in Arnsberg in the 19th century as the Hirschberger Tor .
history
The Counts of Arnsberg had a town castle built in Hirschberg in the Arnsberg Forest in the Middle Ages . Count Gottfried IV received the fortification right from Archbishop Walram von Jülich of Cologne . After the county passed to the Duchy of Westphalia , which belongs to Kurköln , a castle was built. This was completely destroyed in the Thirty Years War . Elector Maximilian Heinrich of Bavaria had a new castle built on this site from 1662, which was mainly intended to serve as the starting point for the electoral hunt. The builder was a brother Conitius. The building was completed in 1668. The building had four towers and, according to reports from contemporaries, was almost as representative as the Arnsberg Castle . But already at the time of Elector Joseph Clemens of Bavaria , the building fabric was attacked and, according to a file from 1691, had to be partially renewed. Under Clemens August I of Bavaria , the castle experienced the height of its importance, numerous large hunts took place in Hirschberg during his reign. In this context, a few small chapels were built next to hunting huts, in which the elector had masses read after the hunt.
Hirschberger Gate
In 1753 the elector had a representative entrance gate built from Rüthen sandstone . The design goes back to Johann Conrad Schlaun , the plastic jewelry was created by Johann Christoph Manskirch . The gate consists of three parts. In addition to a wide central gate, there are two small entrances. There are two hunting scenes on the gate. There are some reliefs on the gate itself: on the right side a larger electoral coat of arms, on the left side the intertwined name "CA" adorned with hunting emblems. On the inside on the left is the title of the client:
"CLEMENZ: AUGUST: D (ei): G (ratia): ARCHIEP (iscopus) S: COL (oniensis): S (arcri): R (omani): IMP (erii): P (er): ITAL (iam) : ARCHICA (ncellarius): ET: EL (ector): LEG (atus): NAT (us): S (anctae): SED (is): AP (ostolicae): AD (ministrator): SUP (remus): BOR ( ussiae): ORD (inis): TEUT (onici): P (er): GERM (aniam): ITAL (iam): TRA (n) SMARI (num) Q (ue): PRAEF (ectus): EP (iscopus) : HIL (desheimensis): PAD (erbornensis): MO (nasteriensis): E (t): OSN (abrugenesis): UTRIUSQ (ue): BAVA (riae): SUP (erioris): PAL (atinatus): WEST (phaliae) : ET: UNG (ariae): DUX: ETC: ETC "
On the right-hand side it says: “PORTAS EX FVNDAMENTO EXTRAVCTAS HIS STATVIS EXORNARI CVRAVAT.” The highlighted letters add up as Roman numerals to the year of construction 1753.
Decline
After the reign of Clemens August, the electors' interest in Hirschberg Castle decreased. Big hunts were rarely held. The complex was managed by a burgrave, and several forest officials were added. The buildings were neglected, so that after the transfer of the Duchy of Westphalia to Hessen-Darmstadt in 1802, the new government considered a restoration to be too expensive and ordered the demolition. Only one wing of the castle was preserved and housed a forester.
Realignment of the gate
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The gate initially stayed where it was. Even under the Prussian rule from 1816 the gate went unnoticed. In 1824, a survey of art monuments ensured that District Administrator Franz Anton Thüsing became aware of the gate and suggested that it be transferred to Arnsberg. The new location was the subject of long debate in the local newspaper. The decision ultimately resulted in the decision of the Oberbaudeputation to tear down a wing of the former Wedinghausen monastery for fire protection reasons. The gate was set up at this point. Dismantling, transport and rebuilding were partly financed by private donations.
After the gate was built in Arnsberg, the so-called Beckermann board was added to the outside of the gate. This commemorates the unsuccessful attack by General Beckermann in the Thirty Years' War on Arnsberg: “God's blessing drove away the beckermann in St. Norberti Nacht through lightning and rain.” In 1893 another plaque was put up. This commemorates the 250th anniversary of the Laurentianum grammar school : "By God's goodness - the school flourished - Magister and Scholar - 250 years."
Individual evidence
literature
- Karl Féaux de Lacroix : History of Arnsberg . Arnsberg, 1895 [reprint, Werl 1983].
- The monuments of the city of Arnsberg. Collection period 1980–1990. Arnsberg 1990, p. 16f.
Web links
- Hirschberger Jagdschloss on hirschberg-sauerland.de
- Hirschberger Tor on hirschberg-sauerland.de
Coordinates: 51 ° 25 ′ 47.6 " N , 8 ° 16 ′ 41.4" E