Schremser Hochmoor Nature Park
| Schrems Hochmoor Nature Park | |||
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| Location: | Lower Austria , Austria | ||
| Next city: | Schrems | ||
| Surface: | 119 ha | ||
| Founding: | 2000 | ||
The Schremser Hochmoor Nature Park is located a little east of Schrems , in the northwestern part of Lower Austria, the Waldviertel . The peat bog , which is bounded by the villages of Langschwarza , Gebharts and Schrems, covers 300 hectares and is thus the largest bog in Lower Austria . The original moor landscape consists of several neighboring partial bogs such as the Gebhartser Moorwald north and south, the moor forest St. Ulrich and the Schremser Torfstich and Schwarzinger Torfstich.
history
Large areas of the original moorland, which existed until 1850 and had layers of peat up to 5 m deep , were drained for the purpose of peat extraction. To this end, main drainage ditches and several side ditches that are still visible today were created. The peat was extracted from 1860 by manual peat cutting and the heyday of peat mining in the region was towards the end of the 19th century. The extracted peat was used for firing purposes, among other things in the Eugenia glass factory, as grit in stables and in gardening centers. From the 1950s onwards, peat mining was carried out on an industrial scale using backhoe excavators , and in the following decades there was an ongoing reduction in mining for economic reasons.
From the mid-1960s, only manual peat cutting for private house firing was allowed, at the beginning of the 1980s peat mining was completely stopped and from 2000 the Schremser Hochmoor Nature Park was opened on the former mining site. Decades of peat mining resulted in a lasting change in the landscape in the moor landscape, which is also noticeable in the nature park that exists today and, for example, in contrast to a natural high moor landscape, is characterized by different vegetation. The Schremser Hochmoor Nature Park thus represents a renatured moor area of a formerly industrially used mining area.
Nature protection regulations
The nature park , which has existed since 2000, is one of the youngest in Austria. It covers approx. 108 hectares of the moorland and was also designated as a nature reserve of the same name.
The moor is also part of the European protected area Waldviertel pond, heather and moor landscape as well as the Ramsar area Waldviertel pond, moor and river landscape for the protection of wetlands .
Natural values
The water areas of the moor are home to a whole range of rare animals and plants such as the moor frog or the water hose , a small animal-eating underwater plant. The swamp sword lily and the yellow pond rose thrive in the pools . The carnivorous sundew is also found in the Schremser Moor.
Built sights
The publicly accessible area of the nature park is open all year round. It has three hiking trails of different lengths (from 4.5 km to 13 km), the shortest of which is the "Hochmoor-Wanderweg" (high moor hiking trail), starting and ending at the Schrems mud bath. Here is also the entrance to the Schrems underwater kingdom .
The raised bog offers various botanical and zoological features, which are explained to the visitors on display boards. The hiking trails lead past the Himmelsleiter , a 20 meter high viewing platform in the nature park, as well as the water areas of the old peat cuttings . At certain times of the year there is a show peat competition not far away.
Zoning
The nature reserve is divided into a nature zone (zone A), a management zone - nature (zone B) and a management zone - visitors (zone C).
Award
- Natural park of the year 2016
Individual evidence
- ↑ Schremser Moor Complex. Retrieved June 2, 2020 .
- ↑ RIS - Entire legal regulation for nature reserves - state law consolidated Lower Austria, version of 20.09.2017. Retrieved September 20, 2017 .
- ↑ RIS - Entire legal regulation for nature parks - Consolidated provincial law Lower Austria, version of 20.09.2017. Retrieved September 20, 2017 .
- ^ "Schremser Hochmoor", "Lainsitzniederung" under nature protection . In: OTS.at . ( ots.at [accessed on September 20, 2017]).
- ↑ https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Landesnormen/LNO40007401/Anlage_zu___2_Abs_47_Naturschutzgebiet_Schremser_Hochmoor.pdf
- ^ Hochmoor Schrems: Nature Park of the Year 2016 on ORF from November 24, 2015, accessed on November 24, 2015.
