Forest barley

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Forest barley
Forest barley (Hordelymus europaeus) with ergot fungus (Claviceps purpurea)

Forest barley ( Hordelymus europaeus ) with ergot fungus ( Claviceps purpurea )

Systematics
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sweet grasses (Poaceae)
Subfamily : Pooideae
Tribe : Triticeae
Genre : Hordelymus
Type : Forest barley
Scientific name
Hordelymus europaeus
( L. ) Jess. ex resin

The forest barley ( Hordelymus europaeus ) is a plant species from the sweet grass family ( Poaceae ). It occurs mainly in European deciduous forests.

description

Ear of wheat
Illustration of the forest barley ( Hordelymus europaeus ), figure on the right
Stem with leaf sheath and ligule
Spikelet triplet
Spikelets

The forest barley is a green grass that grows in small clumps, reaches a height of 60 to 120 cm and does not form runners. The lower leaf sheaths are densely covered with protruding hairs , the underside of the leaf blades is shiny. Large ears that encircle the stalk are formed.

It has a barley-like inflorescence that is always upright. The lemmas are up to 2.5 cm long and awned. The flowering period is between June and August.

The chromosome number is 2n = 28.

Distribution and locations

The species is common in Europe. It occurs at altitudes up to 1500 m and is mostly to be found in deciduous forests , especially in lime-beech forests, but also on edges and slopes, on fresh, often calcareous and nutrient-rich loam and clay soils. It is a type of character of the Hordelymo-Fagetum (Fagion Association), but rarely occurs in societies of the Carpinion Association. Outside Europe, forest barley is found in northwest Africa, Turkey and the Caucasus. In the Allgäu Alps, forest barley in Bavaria on the Söllereck rises up to 1,400 meters above sea level.

As a typical, shade-friendly forest grass, there are usually only small groups of forest barley. But in Plenterhieb or Femehieb , d. H. When trees are used as a single trunk or when trees are harvested in groups, areas are exposed, allowing the forest barley to enjoy the full light. Then their stands can densify in such a way that natural regeneration of the trees on the corresponding area is difficult.

Systematics and taxonomy

Hordelymus europaeus (L.) Jess. ex Harz has the following synonyms: Elymus europaeus L. (Basionym), Hordeum sylvaticum Huds. , Hordeum europaeum (L.) All. , Cuviera europaea (L.) Koeler , Leptothrix europaea (L.) Dumort. and Frumentum sylvaticum E. HLKrause .

literature

  • Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen , Siegmund Seybold: Flora of Germany and neighboring countries. 93rd edition. Quelle & Meyer Verlag, Wiebelsheim 2003, ISBN 3-494-01413-2 .
  • Hans-Joachim Zündorf, Karl-Friedrich Günther, Heiko Korsch, Werner Westhus (eds.): Flora of Thuringia . Weissdorn-Verlag, Jena 2006, ISBN 3-936055-09-2 .
  • Walter Erhardt among others: The big pikeperch. Encyclopedia of Plant Names . Volume 2. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 237.
  • Grasses: sweet grasses, sour grasses, rushes and grass-like families in Europe. (Steinbach's nature guide). Mosaik-Verlag, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-576-10702-9 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 237 .
  2. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 215.
  3. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Hordelymus. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Accessed January 30, 2020.

Web links

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