Hugenworbis
Hugenworbis is a desert near Worbis in the Eichsfeld district in Thuringia .
location
Hugenworbis was located in the east of today's Eichsfeld district, about two kilometers northeast of Breitenworbis , halfway to Ascherode and near Harburg Castle .
History of the settlement
The archaeological finds suggest that the area was settled in the early Iron Age . Using wave-decorated ceramics from the 9th to 10th centuries, the development of the village can be proven during this period. The other finds date from the 10th to 14th centuries, only a few from the 15th and 16th centuries, so that the settlement no longer existed in its entirety at that time.
The first documentary mention of Hugenworbis took place in 1268. Further documentary mentions of the place are from 1357 and 1358. In 1549 two farms that were compulsory for the Hugenworbis farm, the Weidenshof and the Polmannshof, were mentioned. The Vorwerk still existed in the 17th century, in 1675 it had to be performed in compulsory labor. Then the Vorwerk was sold and the residents moved to Breitenworbis.
Archaeological exploration
Since an irrigation reservoir was to be built at the former village site, archaeological investigations of the settlement began in May 1985 and continued until 1989. In 1986 the foundation walls of a courtyard complex presumably built in the 13th century, probably made of half-timbered houses , were uncovered. A two meter deep well , probably from the 10th century, and a burial place were also found.
Results of the excavations
Shards and bronze fragments from the settlement of the early Iron Age were found . The origin of the village is linked archaeologically to wave-decorated pottery from the 9th and 10th centuries. The 11th century is occupied with earthenware and from the 13th and 14th centuries there are indications of the extent and the duration of the settlement .
Historians assume that the village was abandoned with the destruction of the neighboring Haarburg in 1165. Then one found half-timbered houses and a thick layer of red-burnt clay with wickerwork imprints, protruding walls and a charred wooden sleeper, and inside the walls a stove with pot tiles . A well was also found and uncovered. It is believed that these are from the 10th and 11th centuries. On the edge of the settlement was the cemetery with a burial place and skeletons with gifts. A former lake has also been identified. There was ceramics on the shore zone. So the place was repopulated and a village developed.
Niederungsburg
In the area of the small lake, evidence of a low castle or fortified aristocratic seat was found. The castle was probably built with the settlement of the place after 1165, when the neighboring Harburg was destroyed and the village was abandoned. The castle was owned by, among others, the castle men who were in the service of the Margraves of Meißen from Stein Castle in southern Eichsfeld . In 1358 Johannes Tenne renounced the estate in Hugenworbis in favor of his brother Konrad. In 1549 Christof vom Hagen was enfeoffed by the Archbishop of Mainz.
The bell hole
According to a legend, the residents of Hugenworbis are said to have sunk the bells in the so-called bell hole in order to hide them from plundering peasant armies during the peasant war .
traces
A memorial stone erected in the summer of 1995 , which was erected next to the exposed foundation walls of the house and the well, reminds of the settlement today .
Web links
- The Hugenworbis desert - history of the desert and pictures of the archaeological exploration .
- The desert of Hugenworbis on the website of Landscapes in Germany with pictures and a map by Mario Küßner
literature
- Philipp Knieb: Eichsfeld village chronicles; Eichsfeld Verlag 2001
- Wolfgang Timpel: Wastes in the Eichsfeld with special consideration of the Hugenworbis desert; in: House and Museum Gülden Kreuz Worbis, Mecke Druck und Verlag Duderstadt 1992
- Wolfgang Timpel, Harald Reuß: Archaeological investigations on the desert Hugenworbis near Breitenworbis, Worbis district. In: excavations and finds. News bulletin of the state archeology. 31 (1986), No. 5, pp. 231-234
- Wolfgang Timpel: Early medieval castles in Thuringia. in: Joachim Henning u. Alexander T. Ruttkay (Ed.): Early medieval castle building in Central and Eastern Europe, Bonn 1998, pp. 151–173.
- Levin von Wintzingeroda-Knorr : The desert areas of the Eichsfeld: Directory of the desert areas, prehistoric ramparts, mines, courts of justice and waiting areas within the districts of Duderstadt, Heiligenstadt, Mühlhausen and Worbis. Göttingen (O. Hendel) 1903, pp. 620–622 (for Hugenworbis) and pp. 193–194 (Klein Berden and for the churchyard)
Coordinates: 51 ° 25 ′ 32.1 ″ N , 10 ° 26 ′ 49.5 ″ E