Hundsfeld (Rhön)

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Hundsfeld was a municipality, located six kilometers south of Hammelburg in the Lower Franconian district of Bad Kissingen , on federal road 27. The village was incorporated into the " Lager Hammelburg " training area and relocated in 1937/38 . Four settler posts were set up for a short time in 1950, but they had to be given up in 1955 as part of the rearmament .

history

The settlement of the Mark Hammelburg has been proven as early as the Neolithic . From the Hallstatt period can be found in the district barrows . After the Thuringians settled here, Franconians established themselves here at the beginning of the 8th century . Hammelburg is mentioned in a document from Charlemagne from 777, in which he donated areas around Hammelburg to the Fulda monastery. The village belonged to the later bishopric until secularization as a foreign body in the area of ​​the bishopric of Würzburg and was also well fortified as its southernmost point, especially in the area of ​​the church. A first church may have existed as early as the 14th century, the last was built in 1719/38. The strong fortified church , dedicated to Saints Kosmas and Damian , with gaden and basement was preserved until after 1945. The coat of arms of the then prince abbot still exists on the east wall of the church of Rothof (1956, see below); the majority of the facility was also transferred there.

Resettlement

Memorial plaque
Cemetery 50 ° 3 ′ 46 ″  N , 9 ° 52 ′ 5 ″  E

In order to set up a military training area for the II. Bavarian Army Corps, extensive expropriations were carried out in the area around Hammelburg in 1895/96, from which Hundsfeld was hardest hit (with half of its territory). Its operation also had a serious impact on daily life and the cultivation of the fields. After 1918 they failed to repurchase the site, and in 1936 it was decided to even expand the site for the military training area. Hundsfeld was the only village besides Bonnland to be completely dissolved. On April 20, 1938, five families were the last of the then 500 inhabitants to leave the village. The Hundsfeld community was not officially dissolved until September 21, 1943. Their area was incorporated into the Hammelburg Army Estate and was an American internment camp for NSDAP members until 1947.

The village was by no means destroyed by the Wehrmacht , not even by the US armed forces after their invasion, but the decaying, but still standing buildings were thrown away for demolition. In 1949 Bonnland was repopulated. On April 1, 1949, the town was reassigned its parish status. Originally 40 settler sites were also planned for Hundsfeld. However, the area of ​​the former municipality of Hundsfeld was not regained its municipal status and on April 1, 1949, it became an area free of municipalities. Rumors had been around since 1951 that the Americans were insisting on expanding the training area, and in fact the four settler sites were abandoned. Only now have the remaining parts of the building, including the church (blown up in 1960), been completely razed to the ground. The former village is now a desert . There is only one cross left from the cemetery.

Relocation

The compensation in the Third Reich was quite generous. Some of the owners have emigrated, others have found a new home in the near or far area. 18 farming families settled in “ Rothof ”, a district of the Rottendorf community , on land that the Juliusspital Würzburg had to sell. In 1956 a new church was built - again dedicated to Saints Cosmas and Damian.

Military use

The Hundsfeld exercise room is named after the former village . This is located north of the old main road and consists of a newly built local combat track with seven buildings about 300 m northeast of the cemetery area as well as two throwing stands for hand grenade exercises (so-called "tire houses" ) even further northeast .

literature

  • Carl F. Reinhardt: History of the parish village Hundsfeld. Hiller, Hammelburg 1909
  • The art monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria, 3.14, District Office Hammelburg. Munich 1915. (Reprint Munich, 1982. ISBN 3-486-50468-1 ), p. 94 f.
  • Historical atlas of Bavaria: Part Franconia 1.23: Brückenau-Hammelburg by Günter H. Wich. Munich 1973. ISBN 3-7696-9881-9 , S. (for general background)
  • Eugen Schmitt: Hundsfeld, your story is over . Reuchelheim 1986. With supplement: picture booklet
  • Peter Kolb (Ed.): Lower Franconian History , Vol. 1. Echter Verlag, Würzburg 1989. ISBN 3-429-01263-5 (on the early history of the region)
  • Bonnland and Hundsfeld. The villages in the Bannland in Hans Bauer: Mysterious Franconia , Volume III, Part 1, Dettelbach 2000, ISBN 3-89754-149-1
  • Hanns-Helmut Schnebel : On the history of the Hammelburg military training area and its military use in Mainfränkisches Jahrbuch No. 47, 1995, p. 50 ff.
  • Elfriede Würl: Kosmas and Damian. Your impact history in Franconia. In: Würzburg specialist prose studies. Contributions to medieval medicine, pharmacy and class history from the Würzburg Medical History Institute, [Festschrift] Michael Holler on his 60th birthday. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1995 (= Würzburg medical-historical research , 38), ISBN 3-8260-1113-9 , pp. 134–155; here: pp. 140–144.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Wilhelm Volkert (Ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, municipalities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 478 .

Web links

Commons : Hundsfeld  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 50 ° 3 '50.2 "  N , 9 ° 52' 17.7"  E