Hydroxyacetone
Structural formula | ||||||||||||||||
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General | ||||||||||||||||
Surname | Hydroxyacetone | |||||||||||||||
other names |
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Molecular formula | C 3 H 6 O 2 | |||||||||||||||
Brief description |
oily colorless liquid with a strange smell |
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External identifiers / databases | ||||||||||||||||
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properties | ||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 74.08 g mol −1 | |||||||||||||||
Physical state |
liquid |
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density |
1.08 g cm −3 (20 ° C) |
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Melting point |
−17 ° C |
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boiling point |
147 ° C (decomposition) |
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Vapor pressure |
7.5 hPa (20 ° C) |
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solubility |
miscible with water |
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Refractive index |
1.425 (20 ° C) |
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safety instructions | ||||||||||||||||
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Toxicological data | ||||||||||||||||
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C |
Hydroxyacetone is a chemical compound from the group of ketones and is the simplest hydroxyketone .
Extraction and presentation
Hydroxyacetone can be obtained by reacting bromoacetone with potassium hydroxide and ethyl formate in methanolic solution. It is also formed in the troposphere by oxidation from isoprene . It is also produced in food during cooking.
properties
Hydroxyacetone is a hygroscopic oily colorless liquid with a strange odor that is miscible with water. It decomposes when heated above 147 ° C.
use
Hydroxyacetone is an important intermediate in the manufacture of polyols, acrolein, dyes and skin tanning agents. Asymmetric reduction in the presence of a microbial cell catalyst yields ( R ) -1,2-propanediol. It also serves as a component for Mannich and Aldol reactions.
safety instructions
The vapors of hydroxyacetone can form an explosive mixture with air ( flash point 56 ° C, ignition temperature 280 ° C).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Entry on hydroxyacetone in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on April 15, 2017(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ a b Data sheet Hydroxyacetone, contains ≤500 ppm sodium carbonate as stabilizer, technical grade, 90% from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 15, 2017 ( PDF ).
- ↑ a b Amit Arora: Carbohodrates And Proteins . Discovery Publishing House, 2006, ISBN 978-81-8356-178-5 , pp. 139 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Hans Peter Latscha, Uli Kazmaier, Helmut Klein: Organic Chemistry Chemistry Basic Knowledge II . Springer-Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-77107-4 , pp. 219 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Jack Calvert, Abdelwahid Mellouki, John Orlando, Michael Pilling, Timothy Wallington: Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Oxygenates . Oxford University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0-19-987747-8 , pp. 691 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ^ Encyclopedia of Meat Sciences . Elsevier, 2014, ISBN 978-0-12-384734-8 , pp. 394 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Data sheet Hydroxyacetone, 95% at AlfaAesar, accessed on April 15, 2017 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) .