Ignatius Jacob III

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His Holiness Moran Mor Ignatius Jacob III

Moran Mor Ignatius Jacob III ( Arabic ماراغناطيوس يعقوب الثالث  Mar Iġnāṭiyūs Ya'qub ath-Thani ; Aramaic ܡܪܢ ܡܪܝ ܐܝܓܢܐܛܝܘܣ ܝܥܩܘܒ ܬܠܝܬܝܐ; born as Shabo ʿAbd al-Aḥad ; * October 12, 1913 in Bartella , Iraq ; † July 26, 1980 in Damascus , Syria ) was the 121st patriarch of the Syrian Orthodox Church of Antioch .

family

Ignatius Jakob III was born. from Syrian Orthodox parents (father: Tuma Gabriel Mari; mother: Schmuni Isḥaq Mtuka), who had him baptized in the name of Shabo ʿAbd al-Aḥad, which he later took when he was ordained bishop .

education

During his basic Iraqi school years, he already attended the Syrian Orthodox Church School to learn more about the Syrian liturgy and catechetics and to further educate himself so that he could perform his service as an altar boy. His teacher there and then was the pastor and poet Jakob Saka . After he had completed the state (elementary) school, he moved to the Mor Mattai monastery on Mount Jabal Alfaf in northern Iraq at the age of eleven to attend the seminary there, in which he spent a total of eight years (1923– 1931) lived, learned and studied. He is said to have shown great interest in monastic and priestly life at a young age . Later in the Beirut orphanage , he learned English and a little French, and studied Arabic culture more intensively. When he then lived in India in St. Ignatius Monastery in the state of Kerala , he learned on the one hand Malayalam and on the other hand the so-called "Beth Gazo" from Archbishop Mor Julius Elias Qoro: the numerous (around 700) melodies of the Syrian Orthodox Church , what distinguished him most and what set him apart from the other patriarchs .

Time as a teacher and professor

After his time in the mar mattai monastery in Iraq , he was from the Archdiocese of Beirut , Lebanon into Syrian Orthodox sent orphanage which there due to the wave of refugees by the genocide of the Christians of Syria was established. His function there was to teach the Aramaic language and Syrian catechetics . In the 1930s he also moved to India , where he worked as secretary to the apostolic nuncio and later as professor at the St. Ignatius Theology Seminary in Kerala . After his return to the Middle East in 1945, he became a member of the faculty of the St. Ephrem Seminary in Mosul , Iraq and also worked there as a professor. A year later (1946) he was appointed rector of the seminary.

Consecration

Ignatius Jacob III received the following ordinations :

Works and books

Moran Mor Ignatius Jacob III wrote, depending on the source of the information, around 30 or 40 books in Arabic and Aramaic on various topics. These include, for example, divinity , church history , poems , sermons , linguistic works ( Arabic and Aramaic ) or even hagiographies (e.g. St. Ephrem the Syrians , St. Philoxenus of Mabbug , St. Jacob of Sarug ). He also recorded the so-called "Beth Gazo" on sound carriers in 1960, so that its melodies would not be lost and it should appear easier to learn them in the future. This contains more than 700 Syrian Orthodox melodies that Ignatius Jakob III. (almost all) had memorized in the tradition of Mardin . He was the first to record the "Beth Gazo" on this scale.

Act

Before his time as metropolitan and patriarch , he worked in the aforementioned monasteries and in the orphanage as an Aramaic and theology teacher and professor, teaching many pupils and novices the Syriac Orthodox liturgical language and theology and shaped the St. Ephrem seminar in Mosul , Iraq also in his role as rector . In addition, from 1947 he was still active in the ecclesiastical family court in Mosul, Iraq. One of the first things that he fundamentally changed in the Syrian Orthodox Church was the relocation of the Patriarchate from Homs , Syria to Damascus , Syria, as the importance of the Syrian capital for the Church became increasingly important. One of his great goals was to end the schism of the Malankara Syrian Orthodox Church of 1911 in India, which he succeeded in 1958. During his time as metropolitan and patriarch, he had a total of eight churches, seminaries, church schools and patriarchal institutions built. However, he also advocated a strong Orthodoxy and, during his time as Metropolitan, led back around 90 families who changed their denominations a long time ago and left the Syrian Orthodox Church . He moved the Catholic / Maphrianate , which had previously been in Tur Abdin for a long time , back to the Malankara Syrian Orthodox Church in India . In 1964 he held a universal synod of the Syrian Orthodox Church in India, which had not existed for a long time, maybe not at all. In total, he ordained two Catholikoi as patriarch for the Malankara Syrian Orthodox Church with which he had previously formed a union and 18 bishops . In Germany Ignatius Jakob III was. once. In 1971 he gave a lecture on the history of the Syrian Orthodox Church at a congress at the University of Göttingen . Ignatius Jacob III was also a member of the International Council of the Arabic Language , the Academy for the Arabic Language in Damascus and the Scientific Academy of Iraq . He was also responsible for moving the St. Ephrem Seminary in Mosul, Iraq, to ​​Atchane, Lebanon in 1968 . In 1979 he convened the synod to discuss the nationalist Assyrian movement within the Syrian people, which he identified as a danger. He received two honorary doctorates for his great work and positive influence .

Ecumenism

In ecumenism , Ignatius James III proved to be very active and committed. He met many church leaders and in 1960 led his church to the World Council of Churches . One of his most important ecumenical acts was the first of his two stays in Rome , where he met Pope Paul VI from October 25 to 27, 1971 . met. This meeting was the first of its kind since the split of the churches at the Council of Chalcedon (451). In 1980 (just a few weeks before his death) Patriarch Ignatius met Jacob III. himself with Pope John Paul II , with whom he prayed for the union and the cohesion of the churches. Ignatius Jacob III also met with many Orthodox Church leaders, including the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Demetrius I in 1973 . In 1979, during his stay in England, he met Queen Elizabeth II and the Archbishop of Canterbury . This meeting was particularly significant as the last stay of a Syrian Orthodox patriarch in England (Ignatius Petrus IV in 1875) was around 100 years ago. During the visit of Ignatius Petrus IV. In 1875, the relationship between the Syrian Orthodox Church and the Church of England was first established and strengthened, among other things, by the fact that he prayed in front of Prince Albert's grave at Queen Victoria's request . With his visit to England, Patriarch Ignatius Jacob III ensured that this good relationship was maintained and further strengthened.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ George Anton Kiraz: The Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage . with contributions by seventy-six scholars. Ed .: Sebastian P. Brock, Beth Mardutho-The Syriac Institute. Gorgias Press, Piscataway, N.J. 2011, ISBN 978-1-59333-714-8 .
  2. ↑ a b Yuhanon Dolabani: The Patriarchs of the Syrian Orthodox Church of Antioch . Ed .: Julius Isa Cicek. Bar Hebraeus Verlag, Glane / Losser 1990, OCLC 65868964 , p. 291-293 (Aramaic).
  3. ↑ Rudolf Macuch: History of late and New Syrian literature . de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1976, ISBN 3-11-005959-2 , urn : nbn: de: 101: 1-2019102110360334183888 .
  4. ↑ App : Beth Gazo Portal → Index → ​​Chanter Index → ​​Patr. Jacob III.
  5. ↑ Ignatius Jakob: The Syria Orthodox Church of Antioch . Mar. Aphrem Syrian Patriarchal Print. Press, Atchaneh, Lebanon 1974, OCLC 1049280809 .
  6. ↑ Sobornost. The journal of the Fellowship of St. Alban and St. Sergius . Incorporating Eastern Churches Review. tape 4 , no. 1 , 1982, ISSN  0144-8722 , pp. 64-68 .
predecessor Office successor
Ignatius Ephrem I. Barsum Patriarch of Antioch
1957–1980 		Ignatius Zakka I. Iwas
personal data
SURNAME Jacob III, Ignatius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Syrian clergyman, Patriarch of the Syrian Orthodox Church of Antioch
DATE OF BIRTH October 12, 1913
PLACE OF BIRTH Bartella , Iraq
DATE OF DEATH July 26, 1980
Place of death Damascus , Syria