Ignaz Reder

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Ignaz Reder (* 1746 in Mellrichstadt ; † August 30, 1796 near Bad Neustadt ) was a physicist and resistance fighter from Mellrichstadt.

Life

Reder attended the gymnasium in Münnerstadt . He then studied in Fulda and Cologne . From 1786 he studied mathematics in Würzburg . There he came into contact with Carl Caspar von Siebold , who won him over to study medicine . He continued his studies in Heidelberg, Gießen, Marburg, Halle, Wittenberg, Göttingen, Erfurt, Padua and Venice. After completing his studies, Reder returned to Mellrichstadt. In 1773 he was appointed a doctor in Erfurt with a thesis on an epidemic in Mellrichstadt from 1770–1772, which he himself helped to combat. In 1775 he married Maria Barbara Hack and had four children from this marriage. Because of the free treatment and the financial support of destitute patients, he quickly aroused the suspicion of his professional colleagues. In 1784, after his own financial difficulties, he was appointed rural physician in Neustadt an der Saale by the Würzburg Prince-Bishop Franz Ludwig von Erthal . In 1791 he was appointed to Bocklet , but Reder turned it down and returned to Mellrichstadt.

When revolutionary French troops marched through the Streu valley after the battle of Amberg in 1796 , some fighters, led by Ignaz Reder, who spoke French well, opposed the French on August 29, 1796. As an address to his small group of fellow campaigners, the following words are passed down from him:

“Let us show the enemy that we are not cowardly tolerant sheep, but true Germans, who gladly and courageously oppose the wrongdoer for the protection of their fatherland and would rather die than live longer with insulting their honor and with the loss of their property! The good God will bless our weapons! "

- Ignaz Reder

During the skirmish, Ignaz Reder fell at the foot of the Altenberg, near what is now Bad Neustadt , where he and his troops had taken a position. It is reported that he ventured down from the hill to give back to a French hunter his boots that a Mellrichstadt farmer had stolen from him. As a result of this good-naturedness, he was no longer able to get to the mountain in time and was killed after a brief battle of words by three subsequent French with two shots in the heart. Reder's body is said to have remained unclothed on the spot for several days until farmers buried him there. His widow later had his bones transferred to Herschfeld . There a plaque with a description of the events in the old church of Herschfeld reminds of Reder. A memorial stone is said to have remained at the site of the event until 1870, which is said to have been thrown into the hall by the residents of Herschfeld in the course of the Franco-German War for fear of retaliation by the French in the event of a possibly unfortunate outcome of the war . The Würzburg prince-bishop awarded Reder's widow a lifelong pension of 300 guilders a year. A report about Reder's death can also be found in the button of the church tower in salt .

In honor of Reder, the Rhönklub erected a 15-meter-high cross on the Altenberg in a prominent place, the Rederkreuz . The cross was destroyed in a March storm in 1927 and erected again on October 2, 1928. The Realschule Mellrichstadt is called Ignaz-Reder-Realschule . His name can also be found in several street names in the area.

Reder's birthplace is located at Hauptstrasse 43 in Mellrichstadt, formerly the city pharmacy, today Optik / Hoergeraete Jahn. There is a notice board above the right window.

A daughter of Reders, Anna Maria Christina, married the Würzburg librarian and Bavarian member of the state parliament Anton Ruland in 1803 . He also had three sons. Reder's son Franziskus Martin left two sons, one became an artillery colonel in Munich , the other also became a doctor in Mellrichstadt.

literature

  • Mainfränkisches Jahrbuch . Volume 51, 1999, p. 109.
  • Max Schweser: The Citizens Tower tells a story. Richard Mack KG Verlag, Mellrichstadt 1874, pp. 242–248.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Max Schweser: The citizen tower tells. Richard Mack KG Verlag, Mellrichstadt 1874, p. 245.
  2. ↑ Thomas Sauer, Ralf Vollmuth : Letters from members of the Würzburg Medical Faculty in the estate of Anton Ruland. Sources on the history of medicine in the 19th century with short biographies. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 9, 1991, pp. 135-206, here: p. 135.
personal data
SURNAME Reder, Ignaz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physicist (Mellrichstadt) and resistance fighter against the French
DATE OF BIRTH 1746
PLACE OF BIRTH Mellrichstadt
DATE OF DEATH August 30, 1796
Place of death near Bad Neustadt